I-Imidacloprid yePesticide ekumgangatho ophezulu ethengiswa kakhulu ekhoyo kwisitokhwe

I-Imidacloprid sisibulali-zinambuzane esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu esiwela phantsi kodidi lweekhemikhali ze-neonicotinoid. Yaqala ukwaziswa kwimarike ngeminyaka yoo-1990 kwaye ukususela ngoko iye yaba lukhetho oludumileyo phakathi kwabalimi, abalimi, kunye neengcali zokulawula izinambuzane. I-Imidacloprid yaziwa ngomsebenzi wayo obanzi, imiphumo ehlala ixesha elide, kunye nobuthi obuphantsi kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisisombululo esifanelekileyo sokulwa noluhlu olubanzi lwezinambuzane.

Ukusetyenziswa

I-Imidacloprid isetyenziswa kakhulu ekulawuleni nasekutshabalaliseni izinambuzane ezahlukeneyo. Ingasetyenziselwa izityalo zezolimo, izityalo zokuhombisa, ingca ye-turf, kwanakwiindawo zokuhlala. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo zomzimba, esi sibulali-zinambuzane sifunxwa lula zizityalo kwaye sisasazwe kuyo yonke inkqubo yazo yemithambo yegazi. Ngenxa yoko, izinambuzane ezitya izityalo ezinyangiweyo zitya le khemikhali kwaye zisuswe ngempumelelo.

Isicelo

I-Imidacloprid ingafakwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo kunye nezinambuzane ekujoliswe kuzo. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa ziquka ukutshiza ngamahlamvu, ukumanzisa umhlaba, kunye nonyango lwembewu.

Ukutshiza ngamahlamvu kubandakanya ukuxutywa kwamanzi komxube we-imidacloprid uze uwusebenzise usebenzisa isitshizi esiphathwayo okanye i-backpack. Le ndlela ifanelekile ekulawuleni izinambuzane ezikhoyo kumagqabi nakwiziqu zezityalo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukugqunywa ngokupheleleyo, kujoliswe kumphezulu ophezulu nongaphantsi kwamagqabi ukuze kusebenze kakuhle.

Ukumanzisa umhlaba yindlela ethandwayo yokunyanga izityalo ezichaphazeleka zizinambuzane ezihlala phantsi komhlaba, ezifana neengcuka, ii-aphids, kunye nee-termites. Isisombululo se-imidacloprid sigalelwa ngqo emhlabeni ojikeleze isiseko sesityalo, sivumela iingcambu ukuba zifunxe ikhemikhali. Kucetyiswa ukuba ulandele idosi ecetyiswayo kunye nezihlandlo ezicetyiswayo ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kakhulu.

Unyango lwembewu lubandakanya ukugquma imbewu nge-imidacloprid ngaphambi kokuba ityalwe. Le ndlela ayikhuseli nje kuphela izithole eziphumayo ekuhlaselweni zizinambuzane kwangethuba kodwa ikwathintela nezinambuzane ekusasazeni izifo. Unyango lwembewu lubonelela ngokhuseleko lwexesha elide kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwimisebenzi emikhulu yezolimo.

Ukulumkela

Nangona i-imidacloprid ithathwa kakhulu njengesibulali-zinambuzane esikhuselekileyo, kubalulekile ukulandela izikhokelo ezicetyiswayo kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko ukuze kuncitshiswe naziphi na iingozi ezinokubakho.

1. Izixhobo zokuzikhusela zomntu (PPE): Xa uphatha i-imidacloprid concentrate okanye ngexesha lokutshiza, kubalulekile ukunxiba impahla yokuzikhusela, kuquka iiglavu, iiglasi zeglasi, kunye nemaski yokuphefumla ukuze uphephe ukudibana ngqo okanye ukuphefumla.

2. Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kwindalo: I-Imidacloprid inxulunyaniswa nemiphumo emibi kwizinambuzane ezifunxa impova ezifana neenyosi nezinye izinambuzane eziluncedo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isibulali-zinambuzane ngononophelo, ukuthintela ukutyibilika kwizityalo ezidubulayo okanye kwiindawo apho iinyosi zifuna khona ukutya.

3. Ukugcinwa nokulahlwa ngendlela efanelekileyo: I-Imidacloprid mayigcinwe kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo kude nabantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya. Nayiphi na imveliso engasetyenziswanga okanye ephelelwe lixesha mayilahlwe ngokwemigaqo yendawo. Kuphephe ukuhlamba izikhongozeli ze-imidacloprid ngqo emanzini ukuze kuthintelwe ungcoliseko lwamanzi.

4. Iindawo zokukhusela amanzi: Xa usebenzisa i-imidacloprid kufutshane nemithombo yamanzi okanye iindawo ezinobuzaza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugcine indawo yokukhusela amanzi ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wokugeleza kwamanzi kunye nemiphumo enokubakho kwindalo.