Ithebhulethi edumileyo yokuTya iVitamin C yokuphucula amajoni omzimba womntu
Ingcaciso yeMveliso
| Imveliso | Ivithamini C |
| I-CAS | 50-81-7 |
| Inkangeleko | Ikristale emhlophe okanye umgubo omhlophe wekristale |
| Ukunyibilika | Iyanyibilika emanzini, inyibilika kancinci kwi-ethanol, ayinyibiliki kwi-ether, i-benzene, igrisi, njl. |
I-Vitamin C (iVitamin C), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Ascorbic acid (i-Ascorbic acid), ifomula yemolekyuli yi-C6H8O6, yi-polyhydroxyl compound equlethe ii-athomu zekhabhoni ezi-6, yi-vitamin enyibilikayo emanzini efunekayo ukugcina umsebenzi oqhelekileyo womzimba kunye nokusabela okungaqhelekanga kwe-metabolic yeeseli. Imbonakalo ye-vitamin C ecocekileyo yi-white crystal okanye i-crystalline powder, enyibilikayo lula emanzini, inyibilika kancinci kwi-ethanol, ayinyibiliki kwi-ether, i-benzene, i-grease, njl. I-Vitamin C ineempawu ze-acidic, ukunciphisa, ukusebenza kwe-optical kunye ne-carbohydrate, kwaye ine-hydroxylation, i-antioxidant, ukuphucula amasosha omzimba kunye nemiphumo yokukhupha ubuthi emzimbeni womntu. Ishishini ikakhulu lisebenzisa indlela ye-biosynthesis (fermentation) ukulungiselela i-vitamin C, i-vitamin C isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lezonyango nakwicandelo lokutya.
| Iimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali | 1. Inkangeleko: ikristale emhlophe okanye umgubo wekristale. 2. Ukunyibilika: kulula ukunyibilika emanzini, kancinci ukunyibilika kwi-ethanol, akunyibiliki kwi-ether, i-benzene, igrisi, njl. 3. Umsebenzi wokubona: IVithamin C inee-isomers ezine ze-optical, kwaye ukujikeleza okuthe ngqo kwesisombululo samanzi esine-L-ascorbic acid ye-0.10 g/ml yi +20.5 °-+21.5 °. 4. I-Acid: I-Vitamin C inesiseko se-enediol, esi-acid, esibonakaliswa ngokubanzi njenge-asidi elula enokuthi iphendule kunye ne-sodium bicarbonate ivelise ityuwa ye-sodium. 5. Iipropati zeCarbohydrate: Ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali lwevithamini C lufana nolweswekile, kunye neepropati zeswekile, ezinokutsalwa ihydrolyzed kwaye zisuswe kwicarboxylated ukuze kuveliswe i-pentose xa kukho, kwaye ziqhubeke zilahlekelwa ngamanzi ukuze kuveliswe, ukongeza i-pyrrole kunye nokufudumeza ukuya kwi-50 ºC kuya kuvelisa ibhlowu. 6. Iimpawu zokufunxwa kwe-Ultraviolet: Ngenxa yokubakho kwezibopho ezimbini ezidityanisiweyo kwiimolekyuli zevithamini C, isisombululo sayo esinyibilikisiweyo sinokufunxwa okuphezulu kwi-243 nm wavelength, kwaye ubude bobude bokufunxwa obukhulu buya kutshintshwa bube yi-265 nm phantsi kweemeko ze-asidi okanye ze-alkaline. 7. Ukuncitshiswa: iqela le-enediol kwi-vitamin lincitshiswa kakhulu, lizinzile kwindawo ene-asidi, kwaye litshatyalaliswa lula kwiindawo ezishushu, ezikhanyayo, ezine-aerobic kunye ne-alkaline. I-Vitamin C i-oxidized ukuvelisa isakhiwo se-dehydrovitamin C esisekelwe kwi-diketo, i-dehydrovitamin C inokufumaneka emva kokunciphisa i-hydrogenation ye-vitamin C. Ukongeza, kwisisombululo se-alkaline kunye nesisombululo se-asidi enamandla, i-dehydrovitamin C inokuncitshiswa ngakumbi ukuze kufunyanwe i-diketogulonic acid. |
| Umsebenzi wefiziyoloji | 1. Ukukhupha i-Hydroxylation IVithamini C ithatha inxaxheba kwi-hydroxylation reaction emzimbeni womntu, enxulumene ne-metabolism yezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu. Umzekelo, iVithamini C ingathatha inxaxheba kwaye ikhuthaze i-hydroxylation ye-cholesterol kwi-bile acids; Ukuphucula umsebenzi we-oxidase oxutyiweyo; Ibandakanyeka kwisenzo se-hydroxylase kwaye ikhuthaza ukwenziwa kwee-neurotransmitters ze-amino acid 5-hydroxytryptamine kunye ne-norepinephrine. 2. I-Antioxidant IVithamini C inamandla okuncitshiswa kwaye yi-antioxidant elungileyo kakhulu enyibilikayo emanzini, enokunciphisa ii-hydroxyl radicals, ii-superoxides kunye nezinye ii-oxides ezisebenzayo emzimbeni womntu, kwaye inokususa ii-free radicals kwaye ithintele i-lipid peroxidation. 3. Khulisa amajoni omzimba Umsebenzi we-phagocytic we-leukocyte unxulumene nenqanaba leevithamini kwi-plasma. Isiphumo se-antioxidant se-vitamin C sinokunciphisa i-disulfide bond (-S-S-) kwi-antibody ukuya kwi-sulfhydryl (-SH), size emva koko sikhuthaze ukwehla kwe-cystine ukuya kwi-cysteine, kwaye ekugqibeleni sikhuthaze ukwakheka kwee-antibodies. 4. Susa ityhefu emzimbeni Iidosi ezinkulu zevithamini C zinokusebenza kwii-ion zesinyithi esinzima ezifana nePb2+, Hg2+, Cd2+, iityhefu zebhaktheriya, ibenzene kunye nezinye ii-lysins zamayeza. Indlela ephambili yile ilandelayo: ukuncitshiswa okunamandla kwevithamini C kunokususa i-glutathione e-oxidized emzimbeni womntu, kuze emva koko kwenze i-complex ene-ion zesinyithi ezinzima eziza kukhutshwa emzimbeni; Ngenxa yokuba ioksijini kwindawo ye-C2 yevithamini C itshajwa kakubi, ivithamini C ngokwayo inokudityaniswa nee-ion zesinyithi kwaye ikhutshwe emzimbeni ngomchamo; iVitamin C yonyusa umsebenzi we-enzyme (i-hydroxylation) ukuze kube lula ukukhupha iityhefu kunye namayeza. 5. Ukufunxwa kunye nokuguqulwa kwemetabolism Ukufunxwa kwevithamini C ngokutya emzimbeni womntu ikakhulu kukuthutha okusebenzayo emathunjini amancinci aphezulu ngumthuthi, kwaye inani elincinci lifunxwa kukusasazwa okungenamsebenzi. Xa ukufunxwa kwevithamini C kuncinci, phantse zonke zinokufunxwa, kwaye xa ukufunxwa kufikelela kwi-500 mg/ngosuku, izinga lokufunxwa liya kwehla liye kwi-75%. Ivithamini C efunxwayo iya kungena ngokukhawuleza kumjikelezo wegazi kwaye ingene kwizicubu ezahlukeneyo kunye namalungu omzimba. Uninzi lwevithamini C luguqulwa emzimbeni womntu lube yi-oxalic acid, 2, 3-diketogulonic acid, okanye ludityaniswe ne-sulfuric acid ukwenza i-ascorbate-2-sulfuric acid kwaye ikhutshwe kumchamo; Enye yayo ikhutshwa kumchamo. Ubungakanani bevithamini C ekhutshwa kumchamo buchaphazeleka kukutya kwevithamini C, ukusebenza kwezintso, kunye nobungakanani bememori egcinwe emzimbeni. |
| Indlela yokugcina | Kuphephe ukugcina izinto ezinobungozi kunye ne-alkalis ezinamandla, kwaye zigcine kwisikhongozeli esivaliweyo esizaliswe ziigesi ezingasebenziyo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.
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Iingenelo Zethu
1.Sineqela elinobuchule nelisebenzayo elinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho ezahlukeneyo.
2. Yiba nolwazi oluninzi kunye namava okuthengisa kwiimveliso zeekhemikhali, kwaye ube nophando olunzulu malunga nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso kunye nendlela yokwandisa imiphumo yazo.
3. Le nkqubo ilungile, ukusuka ekunikezelweni ukuya kwimveliso, ukupakishwa, ukuhlolwa komgangatho, emva kokuthengiswa, kunye nomgangatho ukuya kwinkonzo ukuqinisekisa ulwaneliseko lwabathengi.
4. Inzuzo yexabiso. Ngenxa yokuqinisekisa umgangatho, siza kukunika ixabiso elifanelekileyo ukunceda ukwandisa umdla wabathengi.
5. Iingenelo zothutho, umoya, ulwandle, umhlaba, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, zonke zineearhente ezizinikeleyo zokuyinyamekela. Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela yothutho ofuna ukuyisebenzisa, singayenza.
