Amaxabiso aphezulu ezolimo kwiminyaka yakutshanje akhuthaze abalimi kwihlabathi liphela ukuba batyale iinkozo ezininzi kunye nembewu yeoyile. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo ye-El Nino, kunye nemiqathango yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kwamanye amazwe kunye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwemfuno ye-biofuel, ibonisa ukuba abathengi banokujamelana nemeko encinci yokubonelela ngombane ngo-2024.
Emva kwempumelelo enkulu kumaxabiso engqolowa, umbona kunye nesoya kwihlabathi liphela kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, u-2023 ubone ukwehla okuphawulekayo njengoko imiqobo yokuhambisa izinto kwiBlack Sea iyancipha kwaye ithemba lokudodobala koqoqosho lwehlabathi lixhalabisa, batsho abahlalutyi kunye nabarhwebi. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2024, amaxabiso ahlala esengozini yokuphazamiseka kokubonelela kunye nokunyuka kokutya. U-Ole Howie uthi ukubonelela ngeenkozo kuya kuphucuka ngo-2023 njengoko ezinye iindawo ezinkulu ezivelisayo zinyusa imveliso, kodwa azikapheli ngokupheleleyo. Njengoko iiarhente zemozulu ziqikelela ukuba i-El Nino iya kuhlala ubuncinane kude kube ngu-Epreli okanye uMeyi kunyaka ozayo, umbona waseBrazil phantse uza kwehla, kwaye iTshayina ithenga ingqolowa kunye nombona ongakumbi kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
Imeko yemozulu ye-El Nino, eye yazisa imozulu eyomileyo kwiindawo ezininzi zase-Asia kulo nyaka kwaye ingaqhubeka de kube sisiqingatha sokuqala sowama-2024, ithetha ukuba abanye abathumeli-mpahla abakhulu kunye nabangenisi-mpahla bajongene nemingcipheko yokubonelelwa kwerayisi, ingqolowa, ioyile yesundu kunye nezinye izinto zolimo.
Abarhwebi kunye namagosa balindele ukuba imveliso yerayisi yaseAsia yehle kwisiqingatha sokuqala sowama-2024, njengoko iimeko zokutyala ezomileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi okunciphileyo kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi kunokukhokelela kwisivuno esiphantsi. Ubonelelo lwerayisi kwihlabathi liphela belusele luncinci kulo nyaka emva kokuba i-El Nino inciphise imveliso kwaye yabangela ukuba i-India, ilizwe elithumela ngaphandle eliphambili kwihlabathi, ithintele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Nangona ezinye iinkozo zehla, amaxabiso erayisi abuyele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwiminyaka eli-15 kwiveki ephelileyo, kunye namaxabiso acatshulwe ngabanye abathumela ngaphandle base-Asia enyuke ngama-40-45 ekhulwini.
EIndiya, umvelisi wengqolowa wesibini ngobukhulu kwihlabathi liphela, isivuno sengqolowa esilandelayo sikwasengozini ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemvula okunokunyanzela iIndiya ukuba ifune ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okokuqala kwiminyaka emithandathu njengoko iingqolowa ezigciniweyo zikarhulumente zehle zaya kwinqanaba eliphantsi kwiminyaka esixhenxe.
E-Australia, ilizwe lesibini ngobukhulu kwihlabathi liphela elithumela ingqolowa kwamanye amazwe, iinyanga zemozulu eshushu zonakalise isivuno kulo nyaka, nto leyo ephelisa uthotho lweminyaka emithathu yesivuno esirekhodiweyo. Abalimi base-Australia kusenokwenzeka ukuba bahlwayele ingqolowa emhlabeni owomileyo ngo-Epreli olandelayo. Ukulahleka kwengqolowa e-Australia kunokubangela abathengi abanjengoTshayina ne-Indonesia ukuba bafune ingqolowa engakumbi eMntla Melika, eYurophu naseLwandle Olumnyama. I-Commerzbank ikholelwa ukuba imeko yobonelelo lwengqolowa inokuba mandundu ngo-2023/24, njengoko unikezelo lokuthumela ngaphandle oluvela kumazwe amakhulu avelisayo lunokuncipha kakhulu.
Indawo entle ngo-2024 kukuqikelelwa okuphezulu kwemveliso yombona, ingqolowa kunye nesoya eMzantsi Melika, nangona imozulu eBrazil isaqhubeka ixhalabisa. Imvula entle kwiindawo eziphambili zezolimo zaseArgentina incede ekunyuseni isivuno sesoya, umbona kunye nengqolowa. Ngenxa yemvula eqhubekayo kwiindawo ezityalwe ingca zasePambas ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-Okthobha, ama-95 ekhulwini ombona otyalwe kwangethuba kunye nama-75 ekhulwini esivuno sesoya zibekwe kwinqanaba elihle kakhulu. EBrazil, izityalo zika-2024 zisemgceni wokuba zisondele kwinqanaba elirekhodiweyo, nangona uqikelelo lwemveliso yesoya kunye nombona kweli lizwe luye lwancitshiswa kwiiveki zakutshanje ngenxa yemozulu eyomileyo.
Imveliso yeoyile yesundu kwihlabathi liphela ikwanokwehla ngenxa yemozulu eyomileyo ebangelwe yi-El Nino, exhasa amaxabiso eoyile etyiwayo. Amaxabiso eoyile yesundu ehlile ngaphezulu kwe-6% ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ngo-2023. Ngelixa imveliso yeoyile yesundu iyancipha, imfuno yeoyile yesundu iyanda kwimizi-mveliso ye-biodiesel kunye nokutya.
Ngokwembali, uluhlu lwezinto ezifumaneka kwingqolowa yehlabathi kunye nembewu yeoyile luncinci, iNorthern Hemisphere isenokubona imo yemozulu enamandla ye-El Nino ngexesha lokukhula okokuqala ukusukela ngo-2015, idola yaseMelika kufuneka iqhubeke nokuhla kwayo kutshanje, ngelixa imfuno yehlabathi kufuneka iqhubeke nomkhwa wayo wokukhula kwexesha elide.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-18-2024