1. Khuthaza ukunqunyulwa kweengcambu zemithi yeti
I-Naphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) ngaphambi kokufaka sebenzisa ulwelo lwe-60-100mg/L ukumanzisa isiseko sokusika kangangeeyure ezi-3-4, ukuze kuphuculwe isiphumo, ungasebenzisa ne-α mononaphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) 50mg/L+ IBA 50mg/L yomxube, okanye i-α mononaphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) 100mg/L+ i-vitamin B, 5mg/L yomxube.
Nika ingqalelo kwindlela osetyenziswa ngayo: qonda kakuhle ixesha lokumanzisa, ixesha elide kakhulu liza kubangela ukubola kwamagqabi; i-Naphthylacetic acid (i-sodium) inefuthe elibi lokuthintela ukukhula kweziqu namasebe ngaphezu komhlaba, kwaye kungcono ukuyixuba nezinye izinto ezibangela ukuhluma kweengcambu.
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-IBA, faka i-20-40mg/L yonyango oluyilwelo kwisiseko seziqwenga ezisikiweyo ubude obuyi-3-4 cm kangangeeyure ezi-3. Nangona kunjalo, i-IBA ibola lula kukukhanya, kwaye iyeza kufuneka lipakishwe ngombala omnyama ligcinwe kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo.
Iindidi zemithi yeti ene-50% ye-naphthalene · umgubo weengcambu ze-ethyl indole 500 mg/L, iintlobo ezineengcambu ezilula ze-300-400 mg/L okanye ucwilise imizuzwana emi-5, ubeke iiyure ezi-4-8, uze unqumle. Ingakhuthaza ukuqala kweengcambu kwangoko, iintsuku ezili-14 ngaphambi kokulawula. Inani leengcambu landa, lingaphezulu nge-18 kunolawulo; Izinga lokusinda laliphezulu nge-41.8% kunolawulo. Ubunzima obomileyo beengcambu eziselula banda nge-62.5%. Ukuphakama kwesityalo kwakungaphezulu nge-15.3 cm kunolawulo. Emva konyango, izinga lokusinda lifikelele phantse kwi-100%, kwaye izinga lemveliso ye-nursery landa nge-29.6%. Imveliso iyonke inyuke nge-40%.
2. Khuthaza ukuqaliswa kwee-tea buds
Isiphumo sokuvuselela i-gibberellin kukuba inokukhuthaza ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nokwandiswa, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukuhluma kwamahlumela, ivuselele kwaye ikhawulezise ukukhula kwamahlumela. Emva kokutshiza, amahlumela aleleyo avuselelwa ukuba ahlume ngokukhawuleza, inani lamahlumela namagqabi landa, inani lamagqabi lancitshiswa, kwaye ukugcinwa kokuthamba kwakulungile. Ngokutsho kovavanyo lwe-Tea Science Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ubuninzi bamahlumela amatsha bunyuke nge-10%-25% xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo, iti yasentwasahlobo ngokubanzi inyuke nge-15%, iti yasehlotyeni inyuke nge-20%, kwaye iti yasekwindla inyuke nge-30%.
Uxinzelelo lokusetyenziswa kufuneka lube lolufanelekileyo, ngokubanzi i-50-100 mg/L ifanelekile ngakumbi, rhoqo nge-667m⊃2; Futha i-50kg yonyango oluyilwelo kwisityalo sonke. Ubushushu bentwasahlobo buphantsi, uxinzelelo lunokuba phezulu ngokufanelekileyo; Ubushushu behlobo, ekwindla buphezulu, uxinzelelo kufuneka lube phantsi ngokufanelekileyo, ngokwamava asekuhlaleni, i-master bud a leaf isiphumo sokuqala sokutshiza silungile, ixesha lobushushu eliphantsi linokufuthwa imini yonke, ixesha lobushushu eliphezulu kufuneka lenziwe ngokuhlwa, ukuze kube lula ukufunxwa komthi weti, ukunika ukusebenza okugcweleyo.
Ukufakwa kwe-10-40mg/L kwi-petiole yamagqabi ye-gibberellic acid kunokuqhawula ukungakwazi kokukhula kwemithi yeti emincinci engamasebe, kwaye imithi yeti ikhula amagqabi ama-2-4 phakathi kuFebruwari, ngelixa imithi yeti elawulayo ingaqali ukukhula amagqabi kude kube sekuqaleni kukaMatshi.
Inqaku lokusetyenziswa: ayinakuxutywa nezibulali zinambuzane ze-alkaline, izichumisi, kwaye ixutywe ne-0.5% ye-urea okanye i-1% ye-ammonium sulfate isiphumo singcono; Uxinzelelo oluqinileyo lokusetyenziswa, ixesha ngalinye leti kufuneka litshizwe kube kanye kuphela, kwaye emva kokutshizwa ukuze komelezwe isichumiso kunye nolawulo lwamanzi; Isiphumo se-gibberellin emzimbeni weti simalunga neentsuku ezili-14. Ke ngoko, kufanelekile ukukha iti ene-bud enye kunye namagqabi ama-3; i-gibberellin kufuneka isetyenziswe nayo.
3. Khuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela eti
Emva kokutshiza nge-1.8% ye-sodium nitrophenolate, isityalo seti sabonisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Okokuqala, umgama phakathi kwamahlumela namagqabi wandiswa, kwaye ubunzima bamahlumela bandiswa, obuphezulu nge-9.4% kunolawulo. Okwesibini, ukuhluma kwamahlumela angena ngaphakathi kwakhuthazwa, kwaye ubuninzi bokuhluma bandiswa nge-13.7%. Okwesithathu kukunyusa umxholo we-chlorophyll, ukuphucula amandla e-photosynthesis, kunye nombala wamagqabi aluhlaza. Ngokovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lweminyaka emibini, iti yasentwasahlobo yanda nge-25.8%, iti yasehlotyeni yanda nge-34.5%, iti yasekwindla yanda nge-26.6%, ukunyuka okuqhelekileyo konyaka kwe-29.7%. Umlinganiselo wokuxutywa osetyenziswa rhoqo kwiigadi zeti yi-5000 amaxesha, nganye yi-667m⊃2; Futha i-12.5mL yolwelo nge-50kg yamanzi. Ukubeka amahlumela eti ngaphambi kokuhluma kwixesha ngalinye lonyaka kunokukhuthaza amahlumela e-axillary asekuqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweti yasentwasahlobo kwangoko kunexabiso elingcono kwezoqoqosho, ukuba itshizwa ekuqaleni kwehlumela kunye negqabi, amandla okufunxa emithi yeti anamandla, kwaye isiphumo sokwandisa imveliso siyabonakala. Iti yasentwasahlobo ngokubanzi itshizwa malunga nezihlandlo ezi-2, iti yasehlotyeni nasekwindla inokudityaniswa nolawulo lwezinambuzane kwaye ixutywe ne-pesticide, itshizwe ngokulinganayo kwi-positive nangasemva kwamagqabi, imanzi ngaphandle kokuvuza iphakathi, ukufezekisa iziphumo ezimbini zolawulo lwezinambuzane kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula.
Qaphela: Xa usebenzisa, ungadluli kumlinganiselo woxinzelelo; Ukuba imvula ingena kwiiyure ezi-6 emva kokutshiza, kufuneka uphinde utshize; Amathontsi okutshiza kufuneka abe mahle ukuze kuphuculwe ukunamathelana, kutshizwe umphambili nomva weblade ngokulinganayo, akukho kuvuza kungcono; Isisombululo sesitokhwe kufuneka sigcinwe kwindawo epholileyo kude nokukhanya.
4.Nqanda ukwakheka kwembewu yeti
Imithi yeti iyalinywa ngenjongo yokukha amahlumela amaninzi, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwabalawuli bokukhula ukulawula ukukhula kweziqhamo nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela namagqabi yindlela esebenzayo yokwandisa isivuno seti. Indlela yokusebenza ye-ethephon kwisityalo seti kukukhuthaza umsebenzi weeseli ze-lamellar kwisiqu seentyatyambo kunye nesiqu seziqhamo ukufezekisa injongo yokukhuhla. Ngokovavanyo lweSebe leTi leYunivesithi yezoLimo yaseZhejiang, izinga lokuwa kweentyatyambo limalunga ne-80% emva kokutshiza malunga ne-15d. Ngenxa yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezondlo kwiziqhamo kunyaka olandelayo, imveliso yeti inokwandiswa nge-16.15%, kwaye uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lokutshiza lufanelekile ngakumbi kwi-800-1000 mg/L. Ekubeni ukukhululwa kweemolekyuli ze-ethylene kukhawuleziswa ngokunyuka kobushushu, uxinzelelo kufuneka luncitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo xa ihlumela lincinci, izicubu zikhula ngamandla okanye ubushushu buphezulu, kwaye uxinzelelo kufuneka lube phezulu ngokufanelekileyo xa uninzi lweentyatyambo luvulekile kwaye ukukhula kuhamba kancinci okanye ubushushu buphantsi. Ukususela ngo-Okthobha ukuya kuNovemba, ukutshiza kwenziwe, kwaye isiphumo sokwanda kwesivuno saba ngcono.
Uxinzelelo lwe-Ethephon spray akufuneki ludlule ubuninzi, kungenjalo luya kubangela ukungcola okungaqhelekanga kwamagqabi, kwaye ubuninzi bamagqabi buya kwanda ngokwanda koxinzelelo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukubola kwamagqabi, i-ethephon exutywe ne-30-50mg/L gibberellin spray inefuthe elikhulu ekugcinweni kwamagqabi, kwaye ayichaphazeli ifuthe lokuncitshiswa kwamahlumela. Xa kutshizwa kufuneka kukhethwe iintsuku ezinamafu okanye ebusuku kakhulu, akufuneki mvula zingakapheli iiyure ezili-12 emva kokusetyenziswa.
5. Khawulezisa ukwakheka kwembewu
Ukusasazwa kwembewu yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokuzalanisa izithole zeti. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezikhulisa izityalo ezifana ne-α-mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium), i-gibberellin, njl.njl., kunokukhuthaza ukuhluma kwembewu, iingcambu eziphuhlileyo, ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhulisa izityalo kwangethuba.
Imbewu yeti efakwe kwi-10-20mg/L ye-naphthylacetic acid (sodium) iiyure ezingama-48, ize ihlanjwe ngamanzi emva kokuhlwayela, ingavulwa malunga neentsuku ezili-15 ngaphambi kwexesha, kwaye inqanaba elipheleleyo lembewu limalunga neentsuku ezili-19-25 ngaphambi kwexesha.
Izinga lokuhluma kwembewu yeti lingakhawuleziswa ngokuyifunxa imbewu kwisisombululo se-gibberellin se-100mg/L kangangeeyure ezingama-24.
6. Yandisa isivuno seti
Isivuno samagqabi amatsha omthi weti ngamanzi e-sodium nitrophenolate ayi-1.8% sixhomekeke kubuninzi bokuhluma kunye nobunzima bamahlumela. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ubuninzi bokuhluma kwezityalo zeti eziphathwe ngamanzi e-sodium nitrophenolate ayi-1.8% bunyuke ngaphezu kwama-20% xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo. Ubude bamahlumela, ubunzima bamahlumela kunye nobunzima behlumela elinye kunye namagqabi amathathu ngokucacileyo bungcono kunolawulo. Isiphumo sokwanda kwesivuno samanzi e-sodium nitrophenolate ayi-1.8% silungile kakhulu, kwaye isiphumo sokwanda kwesivuno samanqanaba ahlukeneyo singcono kakhulu ngokuphindwe ka-6000 kolwelo, ngesiqhelo ngokuphindwe ka-3000-6000 kolwelo.
Amanzi e-sodium nitrophenolate ayi-1.8% angasetyenziswa njengohlobo oluqhelekileyo lwezityalo zeti kwiindawo zeti. Sebenzisa uxinaniso oluphindwe ka-3000-6000 lolwelo olufanelekileyo, 667m⊃2; Umthamo wolwelo olutshizwayo yi-50-60kg. Okwangoku, isitshizi esinomthamo omncinci kwiindawo zeti sithandwa kakhulu, kwaye xa sixutywe nezibulali-zinambuzane, kucetyiswa ukuba umthamo wamanzi e-sodium nitrophenolate ayi-1.8% ungadluli kwi-5mL ngebhegi yamanzi. Ukuba uxinaniso luphezulu kakhulu, luya kuthintela ukukhula kwe-tea bud kwaye luchaphazele isivuno seti. Inani lamaxesha okutshiza ngexesha leti kufuneka limiselwe ngokukhula okuthile komthi weti. Ukuba kusekho iintloko ezincinci zamahlumela kwikhabhathi emva kokuvunwa, ingatshizwa kwakhona, ukuqinisekisa ukwanda kwemveliso kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka.
I-Brassinolide 0.01% ye-brassinolide exutywe izihlandlo ezingama-5000 zokutshiza ngolwelo inokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela emithi yeti kunye namagqabi, inyuse uxinano lokuhluma, inyuse isivuno samahlumela kunye namagqabi, kwaye inokunyusa isivuno samagqabi amatsha nge-17.8% kunye neti eyomileyo nge-15%.
Ukudubula nokuvelisa iziqhamo kwezityalo zeti ze-Ethephon kudla izondlo ezininzi kunye namandla, kwaye ukutshiza i-800 mg/L ye-ethephon ukusuka ekupheleni kukaSeptemba ukuya kuNovemba kunokunciphisa kakhulu isiqhamo kunye neentyatyambo.
Zombini i-B9 kunye ne-B9 zinokuphucula ukukhula kokuzala, zonyuse izinga lokubekwa kweziqhamo kunye nesivuno seziqhamo semithi yeti, nto leyo enamathuba okusetyenziswa ekuphuculeni ezinye iintlobo zemithi yeti ngesantya esiphantsi sokubekwa kwembewu kunye neegadi zeti ngenjongo yokuqokelela imbewu yeti. Unyango nge-1000mg/L, 3000mg/L B9, 250mg/L kunye ne-500mg/L B9 lunokunyusa isivuno seziqhamo zeti nge-68%-70%.
I-Gibberellin ikhuthaza ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nokwandiswa. Kufunyenwe ukuba emva konyango lwe-gibberellin, amahlumela aleleyo omthi weti ahluma ngokukhawuleza, intloko yamahlumela yanda, amagqabi ancipha, kwaye ukugcinwa kweti kuthambile kulungile, nto leyo edale iimeko zokwandisa isivuno kunye nokuphucula umgangatho weti. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-gibberellin kwixesha ngalinye lexesha le-tea bud kunye negqabi lokuqala kunye ne-50-100mg/L yokutshiza kwamagqabi, qaphela ubushushu, ngokubanzi ubushushu obuphantsi bunokusetyenziswa imini yonke, ubushushu obuphezulu bungaphezulu ngokuhlwa.
7. Ukususwa kweentyatyambo ngamakhemikhali
Imbewu eninzi kakhulu ekupheleni kwekwindla iya kudla izondlo, ithintele ukukhula kwamagqabi amatsha kunye namahlumela entwasahlobo elandelayo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwezondlo kuchaphazela isivuno kunye nomgangatho weti kunyaka olandelayo, kwaye ukukha iintyatyambo ezenziweyo kunzima kakhulu, ngoko ke iindlela zeekhemikhali ziye zaba yindlela yophuhliso.
I-ethylene esebenzisa i-ethephon ukususa iintyatyambo ngamakhemikhali, inani elikhulu lamahlumela liyawa, inani lembewu etyatyambileyo lincinci, ukuqokelelwa kwezondlo kuninzi, nto leyo enceda ekwandiseni isivuno seti, kwaye kongiwe abasebenzi kunye neendleko.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ezine-500-1000 mg/L ye-ethephon, nganye ingama-667m⊃2; Ukusebenzisa i-100-125kg ukutshiza umthi wonke ngokulinganayo kwinqanaba lokuqhakaza, uze utshize kube kanye emva kweeyure eziyi-7-10, kuyanceda ekwandiseni isivuno seti. Nangona kunjalo, uxinzelelo lonyango kufuneka lulawulwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu lwe-ethephon luya kukhokelela ekuweni kwamagqabi, nto leyo engalunganga ekukhuleni nasekuvuneni. Kucetyiswa ukuba kuchongwe ixesha kunye nomthamo wokusetyenziswa ngokweemeko zasekuhlaleni, iintlobo kunye nemozulu, kwaye ixesha lokusetyenziswa kufuneka likhethwe ngexesha apho ubushushu bunciphile kancinci, i-camellia ivulekile, kwaye amagqabi sele ebekwe. Ekupheleni kwexesha lasekwindla, ngo-Okthobha ukuya kuNovemba eZhejiang, uxinzelelo lwearhente alunakudlula i-1000mg/L, uxinzelelo lwesigaba sokuhluma lunokuba ngaphantsi kancinci, kwaye uxinzelelo lwendawo yeti ebandayo yentaba lunokuba phezulu kancinci.
8. Ukwandisa ukumelana nokubanda kwesityalo seti
Ukonakala komkhuhlane yenye yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela imveliso kwindawo yeti ephakamileyo kunye nendawo yeti esemantla, nto leyo edla ngokukhokelela ekunciphiseni imveliso kwanokufa. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo kunokunciphisa ukubila komphezulu wamagqabi, okanye kukhuthaze ukuguga kwamahlumela amatsha, kuphucule izinga lokuqina, kwaye kuphucule ukumelana nokubanda okanye ukumelana nemithi yeti ukuya kwinqanaba elithile.
I-Ethephon etshizwe nge-800mg/L ekupheleni kuka-Okthobha inokuthintela ukukhula kwakhona kwemithi yeti ekupheleni kwekwindla kwaye yonyusa ukumelana nokubanda.
Ukutshiza i-250mg/L yesicombululo ekupheleni kukaSeptemba kunokukhuthaza ukukhula kwemithi yeti ukuba iyeke kwangethuba, nto leyo enceda ekukhuleni kakuhle kwamahlumela entwasahlobo ebusika besibini.
9. Lungisa ixesha lokukha iti
Ukwandiswa kwamahlumela ezityalo zeti ngexesha leti yasentwasahlobo kunempendulo enamandla ehambelanayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iti yasentwasahlobo ixinene ngexesha lencopho, kwaye ukungqubana phakathi kokuvuna kunye nemveliso kuyabonakala. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-gibberellin kunye nezinye izilawuli zokukhula kunokuphucula umsebenzi we-A-amylase kunye ne-protease, ukuze kuphuculwe ukwenziwa kunye nokuguqulwa kweproteni kunye neswekile, kukhawuleziswe ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nokwandiswa, kukhawuleziswe izinga lokukhula komthi weti, kwaye kwenziwe amahlumela amatsha akhule kwangaphambili; Umgaqo wokuba ezinye izilawuli zokukhula zinokuthintela ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nokwandiswa kwazo ukwasetyenziswa njengesithintelo sokulibazisa ixesha lencopho yezikhukula, ngaloo ndlela kulawulwa ixesha lokuvuna iti kunye nokunciphisa ukungqubana ekusebenziseni umsebenzi wokuvuna iti ngesandla.
Ukuba i-100mg/L ye-gibberellin itshizwa ngokulinganayo, iti yasentwasahlobo ingagaywa izihlandlo ezi-2-4 kwangaphambili kwaye iti yasehlotyeni izihlandlo ezi-2-4 kwangaphambili.
I-Alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (i-sodium) itshizwa nge-20mg/L yeyeza lolwelo, elinokutyunjwa amaxesha ama-2-4 kwangaphambili.
Isitshizi sesisombululo se-ethephon esingama-25mg/L singenza i-spring tea sprout ibe yi-3D kwangaphambili.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-16-2024