I-Brassinolide, imveliso enkulu yesibulali-zinambuzane engenakuhoywa, inamandla okuthengisa i-10 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.

Brassinolide, njengokoumlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo, iye yanendima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yezolimo ukususela oko yafunyanwa.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi yezolimo kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nokutshintsha kwemfuno yemarike, i-brassinolide kunye nenxalenye yayo ephambili yeemveliso ezidibeneyo zivela ngokungapheliyo.Ukusuka kwiimveliso ezingaphantsi kwe-100 ezibhalisiweyo ngaphambi kwe-2018, inani leemveliso kunye namashishini angama-135 aphindwe kabini.Isabelo semarike esingaphezulu kwebhiliyoni ye-yuan kunye namandla emarike eeyuan ezibhiliyoni ezili-10 abonisa ukuba esi sithako sidala sibonisa amandla amatsha.

01
Ukufunyanwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexesha yinto entsha

I-Brassinolide luhlobo lwehomoni yezityalo zendalo, eyeyehomoni ze-steroid, ezaqala ukufunyanwa kwi-pollen yodlwengulo ngo-1979, ephuma kwi-brassin ekhutshwe ngokwendalo.I-Brassinolide ngumlawuli osebenzayo wokukhula kwezityalo, onokunyusa kakhulu ukukhula kwezondlo zezityalo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuchumisa kwiindawo eziphantsi kakhulu.Ngokukodwa, inokukhuthaza ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nobude, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photosynthesis, ikhulise ukumelana noxinzelelo, ikhuthaze ukuhlukana kweentyatyambo kunye nophuhliso lweziqhamo, kwaye yandise umxholo weswekile yeziqhamo.

Ukongeza, isiphumo soncedo lokuqala kwizithole ezifileyo, ukubola kweengcambu, ukuma okufileyo kunye nokucima okubangelwa kukutyalwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, izifo, umonakalo weziyobisi, umonakalo owenziwe ngumkhenkce kunye nezinye izizathu ziyamangalisa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweeyure eziyi-12-24 kuyacaca, kwaye amandla abuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokukhula kwabemi behlabathi kunye nophuhliso olunzulu lwemveliso yezolimo, imfuno yemveliso yezolimo iye yanda.Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nale mfuno, ukuphucula isivuno kunye nomgangatho wezityalo kube yeyona njongo iphambili yemveliso yezolimo.Kulo mxholo, imfuno yemarike yokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe.I-Brassinolide iba yeyona nto inamandla okuqhuba kweli xesha lempilo yezityalo ngokusebenza kwayo ekwandiseni imveliso kunye nokunciphisa ulawulo lomonakalo.

I-Brassinolide, njengomgangatho ophezulu wokukhula kwezityalo, yamkelwe ngamafama ngenxa yesiphumo sayo sokwanda kwesivuno kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo.Ngokukodwa kwimveliso yezityalo zemali (ezifana neziqhamo, imifuno, iintyatyambo, njl.) kunye nezityalo zentsimi (ezifana nerayisi, ingqolowa, ingqolowa, njl.), i-brassinolide isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Ngokwedatha yophando lwemarike, ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi yabalawuli bokukhula kwezityalo bubonise ukukhula okuzinzileyo kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo.Phakathi kwabo, isabelo semarike yebrassicolactone iye yanda unyaka nonyaka, ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemarike.E-China, imfuno yentengiso ye-brassinolide yomelele ngakumbi, ikakhulu igxile kwiindawo ezisemazantsi zemveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo kunye neendawo ezivelisa isityalo esisemantla.

02
Ukusetyenziswa okukodwa kunye nentengiso edibeneyo ilawula

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimveliso ezininzi ezihlanganisiweyo kunye ne-brassinolide njengeyona nto iphambili ivele kwimarike.Ezi mveliso zihlala zidibanisa i-brassinolactones kunye nezinye izilawuli zokukhula kwezityalo, izondlo, njl., ukwenza iifom ze-compounds ukwenzela ukuba zenze umphumo onamandla odibeneyo.

Umzekelo, indibaniselwano brassinolide kunye hormone ezifanagibberellin, cytokinin, kunyeindole acetic acidinokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo ukusuka kwii-engile ezininzi ukuphucula ukumelana noxinzelelo kunye nesivuno.Ukongeza, indibaniselwano ye-brassinolide enezinto zokulandelela (ezifana ne-zinc, i-boron, isinyithi, njl.njl.) inokuphucula kakhulu imeko yesondlo sezityalo kunye nokuphucula ukukhula kwazo.

Ngokuphela kwe-pyrazolide malunga ne-2015, ezinye iimveliso ezidityaniswe ne-pyrazolide, i-brassinolide kunye ne-potassium dihydrogen phosphate zakhuthazwa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezisenyakatho (ingqolowa, ingqolowa, i-peanut, njl.).Ngokukhawuleza kwakhokelela ekukhuleni kweentengiso ze-brassinolide.

Kwelinye icala, amashishini akhawulezisa ukubhaliswa kweemveliso ezinxulumene ne-brassinolide, kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iimveliso ze-brassinolide ze-234 zifumene ukubhaliswa kwe-pesticide, apho i-124 ixutywe, ibala ngaphezu kwe-50%.Ukunyuka kwezi mveliso zihlanganisiweyo akuhlangabezani nemfuno yentengiso kuphela yolawulo lwezityalo olusebenzayo nolusebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa lukwabonisa ugxininiso lokuchaneka kokuchumisa kunye nolawulo lwenzululwazi kwimveliso yezolimo.

Ngenkqubela phambili yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nokuphuculwa kwenqanaba lokuqaphela amafama, iimveliso ezinjalo ziya kuba nethemba elibanzi lemarike kwixesha elizayo.I-Brassinolide isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yezityalo zemali ezifana neziqhamo kunye nemifuno.Ngokomzekelo, ekukhuleni komdiliya, i-brassinolide inokuphucula izinga lokumisela iziqhamo, ukwandisa iswekile kunye nobunzima besiqhamo, kunye nokuphucula ukubonakala kunye nencasa yesiqhamo.Ekulinyweni kwetamatato, ibrassinolide inokukhuthaza ukudubula kweetumato kunye neziqhamo, ukuphucula isivuno kunye nomgangatho weziqhamo.IBrassinolide ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yezityalo zasemasimini.Ngokomzekelo, ekulinyweni kwerayisi kunye nengqolowa, i-brassinolide inokukhuthaza ukuhlanjululwa, ukwandisa ukuphakama kwesityalo kunye nobunzima beendlebe, kunye nokwandisa isivuno.

I-Brassinolide isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yeentyatyambo kunye nezityalo zokuhombisa.Ngokomzekelo, ekulinyweni kwe-rose, i-brassicolactone inokukhuthaza ukuhlukana kweentyatyambo kunye neentyantyambo, ukuphucula ubuninzi kunye nomgangatho weentyatyambo.Ekugcinweni kwezityalo ze-potted, i-brassinolide inokukhuthaza ukukhula kunye ne-branching yezityalo kunye nokwandisa ixabiso lokuhlobisa.