I-Hainan, njengephondo lokuqala e-China ukuvula imarike yezinto zezolimo, iphondo lokuqala ukuphumeza inkqubo ye-franchise ye-wholesale ye-pesticides, iphondo lokuqala ukuphumeza ukuleyibhelishwa kwemveliso kunye nokufakwa kweekhowudi kwizitshabalalisi, indlela entsha yokutshintshwa komgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lwezitshabalalisi, ihlala ihleli. ibe yingqwalasela kushishino lwesizwe lwezixhobo zezolimo, ngakumbi ubume obukhulu bemarike yabaqhubi bentengiso yezibulali zinambuzane eHainan.
Ngomhla wama-25 kuMatshi, ngo-2024, ukuze kuphunyezwe amalungiselelo afanelekileyo eMimiselo yoKhuphiswano oluLungileyo lweZibuko loRhwebo oluKhululwa eHainan kunye namaLungelo oLawulo lweZitshabalalisi kwiNdawo yoQoqosho eKhethekileyo yaseHainan, eyaqala ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kweyeDwarha yowama-2023. Urhulumente wePhondo lase-Hainan ugqibe ekubeni arhoxise iMiqathango yoLawulo lweWholeliseli kunye noShishino lokuSebenza kwezibulali-zinambuzane kwiNdawo yoQoqosho eKhethekileyo yase-Hainan.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ulawulo lwezitshabalalisi eHainan luza kuthatha inyathelo elikhulu ukuya phambili, imarike iya kuphinda ikhululwe, kwaye imeko yabantu abayi-8 (phambi komhla we-1 ku-Okthobha 2023, kukho amashishini ayi-8 athengisa izibulali zinambuzane, amashishini ayi-1,638 athengisa izitshabalalisi kunye ne-298 ithintelwe. amashishini amayeza ezinambuzane kwiPhondo laseHainan) aya kwaphulwa ngokusesikweni.Uguqukele kwindlela entsha yokulawula, ibe ngumthamo omtsha: iziteshi zevolumu, amaxabiso evolumu, iinkonzo zevolumu.
I-2023 "imithetho emitsha" iphunyeziwe
Ngaphambi kokurhoxiswa kweMiqathango yoLawulo lwe-Wholesale kunye nokuThengiswa kokuSebenza kweePesticides kwiNdawo yezoQoqosho eKhethekileyo yaseHainan, iMibonelelo yoLawulo lweZitshabalalisi kwiNdawo yoQoqosho oluKhethekileyo lwaseHainan (emva koku kuthiwa "iMibonelelo") iphunyeziwe. ngo-Okthobha 1, 2023.
"Akusekho ukwahlula phakathi kokuthengiswa kwehoseyile kunye nokusebenza kwentengiso yezitshabalalisi, ukunciphisa ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi, kwaye ngokuhambelanayo akusekho ukumisela amashishini athengisayo kunye nabathengisi bezinto ezithengisa izitshabalalisi ngokubhida, ukunciphisa iindleko zolawulo lwezitshabalalisi, kunye nokuphumeza inkqubo yolawulo eyiyo. ngokuhambelana nelayisenisi yesizwe yolawulo lwezitshabalalisi…”
Ubukhulu becala oku kuye kwazisa iindaba ezimnandi kulo lonke uluntu lwezolimo, ngoko olu xwebhu luye lwamkelwa lwaza lwanconywa luninzi lwabasebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane.Kuba oku kuthetha ukuba amandla emarike angaphezu kwe-2 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kwintengiso ye-Hainan ye-pesticide iya kukhululwa, iya kuzisa umjikelo omtsha wotshintsho olukhulu kunye namathuba.
"Amalungiselelo amaninzi" avela kwi-2017 inguqu ye-60 elungelelanisiweyo ukuya kwi-26, ithatha ifom ye-"incision encinci, i-short fast spirit" yomthetho, ibambelele kwingxaki ejoliswe kuyo, ukuvelisa, ukuthutha, ukugcinwa, ukulawula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-pesticides. inkqubo yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo, izilungiso ezijoliswe kuzo.
Phakathi kwazo, enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo kukurhoxiswa kwenkqubo ye-franchise ye-pesticide wholesale.
Ngoko ke, zeziphi iziqulatho eziphambili kunye neengongoma eziphambili "zemimiselo emitsha" ephunyeziweyo malunga nesiqingatha sonyaka, siya kuyilungisa kwaye siyiphonononge kwakhona, ukwenzela ukuba abavelisi kunye nabaqhubi beendawo zokuhlala kwimarike ye-pesticide yaseHainan babe nokucaca okucacileyo. ukuqonda kunye nokuqondwa kwemimiselo emitsha, ukukhokela ngcono kunye nokulungelelanisa uyilo lwabo kunye nezicwangciso zoshishino, kunye nokusebenzisa amathuba amatsha phantsi kokutshintsha kwexesha.
Inkqubo yokuthengiswa kweehoseyile zezitshabalalisi yapheliswa ngokusemthethweni
Umgangatho "weMibonelelo emininzi" yemithetho yokhuphiswano olufanelekileyo lwamazibuko orhwebo lwasimahla, ukuguqula inkqubo yolawulo yesitshabalalisi sokuqala, ukulawula ukuziphatha okungekho mthethweni kweshishini kumthombo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokufanelekileyo kwabadlali bemarike yezinambuzane kukhuphiswano.
Eyokuqala kukurhoxisa inkqubo ye-wholesale franchise yezibulali-zinambuzane, akusekho ukwahlula phakathi kokuthengiswa kwee-wholesale kunye nokuthengiswa kwee-pesticides, kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwe-pesticide.Ngokufanelekileyo, amashishini athengisa amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi kunye namashishini athengisa izitshabalalisi azisamiselwa ngokubhida, ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zokusebenza zezitshabalalisi.
Okwesibini kukuphumeza inkqubo yokulawula edityaniswe nelayisenisi yoshishino lwezitshabalalisi kazwelonke, kwaye abaqhubi bezinambuzane abafanelekileyo banokufaka isicelo ngokuthe ngqo kumasebe afanelekileyo ezolimo kunye nasemaphandleni oorhulumente babantu bezixeko, imimandla kunye nemimandla ezimeleyo apho imisebenzi yabo ibekwe khona. iilayisensi zoshishino lwezitshabalalisi.
Enyanisweni, kwangowe-1997, iPhondo laseHainan laba lelokuqala kweli lizwe ukuphumeza inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwelayisenisi yezibulali-zinambuzane nokuvula imarike yezibulali-zinambuzane, yaye ngowama-2005, “iMithetho Eliqela Yolawulo Lwezibulali-zinambuzane kwiNdawo yoQoqosho eKhethekileyo yaseHainan” yamiselwa. ekhutshiweyo, eyalungisa olu hlaziyo ngendlela yemimiselo.
NgoJulayi ka-2010, iNkongolo yaBantu yePhondo lase-Hainan yabhengeza “iMimiselo eMininzi yoLawulo lweZitshabalalisi kwiNdawo yoQoqosho eKhethekileyo yase-Hainan” esandul' ukuhlaziywa, imisela inkqubo yokuthengisa izibulali-zinambuzane kwiPhondo laseHainan.Ngo-Epreli ka-2011, urhulumente wePhondo lase-Hainan wakhupha “Amanyathelo oLawulo lwe-Pesticide Wholesale and Retail Business Licensing kwiPhondo lase-Hainan”, elichaza ukuba ngo-2013, kuya kubakho kuphela i-2-3 yamashishini athengisa izitshabalalisi kwiphondo lase-Hainan, ngalinye line- inkunzi ebhalisiweyo ngaphezu kwe-100 lezigidi yuan;Iphondo line-18 amaziko osasazo esixeko kunye nengingqi;Kukho malunga nama-205 amashishini athengisayo, kumgaqo-1 kwilokishi nganye, enenkunzi ebhalisiweyo engekho ngaphantsi kwe-1 yezigidi zeyuan, kwaye izixeko kunye neengingqi zingenza uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo ngokwemeko yokwenene yophuhliso lwezolimo, ukucwangciswa kweefama zikarhulumente. kunye neemeko zendlela.Kwi-2012, i-Hainan yakhupha ibhetshi yokuqala yeelayisensi zokuthengisa izitshabalalisi, ebonisa inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kuhlaziyo lwenkqubo yolawulo lwezitshabalalisi eHainan, kwaye ithetha ukuba abavelisi banokuthengisa kuphela iimveliso zokubulala izitshabalalisi eHainan ngokusebenzisana nabathengisi bevenkile abamenywe ukuba bafake ithenda. urhulumente.
“Amalungiselelo aliqela” aphucula indlela yokulawula izitshabalalisi, arhoxise inkqubo yokuthengisa izitshabalalisi, ayisahluli phakathi kwevenkile ethengisa izitshabalalisi kunye nemisebenzi yokuthengisa izitshabalalisi, ukunciphisa amaxabiso okusebenzisa izitshabalalisi, kwaye ngokuhambelanayo ayisayi kumisela indlela yamashishini athengisa izitshabalalisi kunye nabaqhubi beevenkile. ngokubhida, ukuze kwehliswe iindleko zolawulo lwezitshabalalisi.Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yolawulo lwelayisenisi yoshishino lwezitshabalalisi kazwelonke, abaqhubi bemichiza yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane abaqeqeshiweyo banokufaka isicelo ngokuthe ngqo kwisixeko, kwidolophu, urhulumente wesiphaluka esizimeleyo esiphethe ezolimo kunye nabasemagunyeni emaphandleni ngelayisenisi yoshishino lwezitshabalalisi.
Abasebenzi beofisi echaphazelekayo yeSebe lezoLimo kunye neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni kwiPhondo laseHainan bathi: Oku kuthetha ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo we-pesticide e-Hainan uya kuhambelana nomgangatho wesizwe, akusekho mahluko phakathi kwe-wholesale kunye ne-retail, kwaye akukho. kufuneka ileyibheli;Ukupheliswa kwenkqubo ye-franchise ye-wholesale ye-pesticides kuthetha ukuba iimveliso ze-pesticide zikhululekile ukungena kwisiqithi, nje ukuba iimveliso zihambelana kwaye inkqubo iyahambelana, akukho mfuneko yokurekhoda kunye nokuvuma isiqithi.
Ngomhla we-25 ka-Matshi, uRhulumente waBantu wePhondo lase-Hainan wagqiba ekubeni aphelise "i-Hainan Special Economic Zone Pesticide i-wholesale kunye neMiqathango yoLawulo lwelayisenisi yokuthengisa" (Qiongfu [2017] No. kunye namashishini esiqithini ngokuhambelana nemimiselo, kunye nabavelisi bezinambuzane kunye nabasebenzisi baya kuba nokukhetha okukhulu.
Ngokutsho kwemithombo yoshishino, emva kokucinywa ngokusemthethweni kwenkqubo ye-franchise ye-pesticide wholesale, kuya kubakho amashishini amaninzi angena eHainan, amaxabiso emveliso ahambelanayo aya kuncitshiswa, kwaye ukhetho oluninzi luya kuba luhle kubalimi beziqhamo kunye nemifuno yaseHainan.
Amayeza e-Biopesticides ayathembisa
Inqaku lesi-4 lamaLungelo lichaza ukuba oorhulumente babantu kwinqanaba okanye ngaphezulu kwinqanaba ledolophu baya kuthi, ngokungqinelana nezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo, banike inkuthazo kunye noncediso-mali kwabo basebenzise izibulali-zinambuzane ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo, okanye bamkele ubugcisa bebhayoloji, obusemzimbeni kunye nobunye ubugcisa bokuthintela nokulawula izifo kunye nokuthintela izifo kunye nokulawula izifo. izinambuzane.Khuthaza abavelisi kunye nabaqhubi, amaziko ophando lwenzululwazi yezolimo, iikholeji zobungcali kunye neeyunivesithi, izifo ezikhethekileyo kunye nemibutho yenkonzo yokulawula izitshabalalisi, imibutho yobungcali kwezolimo kunye nezobugcisa kunye neminye imibutho yezentlalo ukuba ibonelele ngoqeqesho lobugcisa, isikhokelo kunye neenkonzo kubasebenzisi bezinambuzane.
Oku kuthetha ukuba i-biopesticides iyathembisa kwimarike yaseHainan.
Okwangoku, i-biopesticides isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo zemali ezimelwe ziziqhamo kunye nemifuno, kwaye i-Hainan liphondo elikhulu elineziqhamo ezityebileyo kunye nezityalo zemifuno e-China.
Ngokutsho kwe-Statistics Bulletin yePhondo leSizwe lezoQoqosho kunye noPhuhliso lweNtlalo ngo-2023, ukususela ngo-2022, indawo yokuvuna imifuno (kuquka i-melon yemifuno) kwiPhondo laseHainan iya kuba yi-4.017 yezigidi mu, kwaye umphumo uya kuba yi-6.0543 yeetoni zezigidi;Indawo yokuvuna iziqhamo yayiyi-3.2630 yezigidi mu, kwaye imveliso yayiyi-5.6347 yezigidi zeetoni.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umonakalo wezinambuzane ezixhathisayo, ezifana ne-thrips, aphids, izinambuzane ze-scale kunye ne-whitefly, uye wanda unyaka nonyaka, kwaye imeko yokulawula inzima.Ngaphantsi kwemvelaphi yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-pesticide kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nophuhliso lwezolimo oluluhlaza, i-Hainan iye yasebenzisa ingcamango "yokukhusela nokulawula uhlaza".Ngokudityaniswa kwe-biopesticides kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye nezibulali zinambuzane ezinetyhefu ephantsi, iHainan idibanise iindlela zokuthintela kunye nolawulo lwesifo somzimba kunye netekhnoloji yokulawula izinambuzane, itekhnoloji yokugonyeka kwezityalo, itekhnoloji yokulawula i-biopesticide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye nolawulo lwezitshabalalisi ezinetyhefu ephantsi. iteknoloji.Inokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokuthintela kunye nokulawula kunye nokunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kwesicelo, ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yokunciphisa inani lemichiza yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wezityalo.
Umzekelo, kulawulo lwe-cowpea resistance thrips, isebe le-Hainan pesticide licebisa ukuba amafama asebenzise amaxesha ayi-1000 ulwelo lwe-Metaria anisopliae kunye ne-5.7% yetyuwa ye-Metaria ephinda-phindwe kayi-2000 yolwelo, ukongeza kwisibulali-zinambuzane kunye nokwandisa i-ovicide, abadala kunye nolawulo lwamaqanda ngaxeshanye. ixesha, ukwenzela ukwandisa umphumo wokulawula kwaye ugcine ubuninzi besicelo.
Kunokuqikelelwa ukuba i-biopesticides inenkuthazo ebanzi kunye nethemba lokusetyenziswa kwintengiso yeziqhamo kunye nemifuno yaseHainan.
Ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezithintelweyo kuya kulawulwa ngokungqongqo
Ngenxa yeengxaki zengingqi, izithintelo zezitshabalalisi eHainan bezisoloko zingqongqo kunezo zikummandla omkhulu.NgoMatshi 4, 2021, iSebe lezoLimo neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni kwiPhondo laseHainan lakhupha “Uludwe Lwemveliso eNgavumelekanga, ukuThuthwa, ukuGcina, ukuthengiswa nokuSetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kwiNdawo yoQoqosho eKhethekileyo yaseHainan” (inguqulelo ehlaziyiweyo ngo-2021).Esi sibhengezo sidwelise izibulali-zinambuzane ezingama-73 ezingavumelekanga, ezisixhenxe ngaphezu koluhlu lwezibulali-zinambuzane ezingavumelekanga ezenziwe nguMphathiswa wezoLimo neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni.Phakathi kwabo, ukuthengiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-fenvalerate, i-butyryl hydrazine (bijo), i-chlorpyrifos, i-triazophos, i-flufenamide inqatshelwe ngokupheleleyo.
Inqaku lesi-3 lamaLungiselelo lichaza ukuba ukuveliswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezinetyhefu kakhulu kunye nezithako eziyityhefu kakhulu akuvumelekanga kuMmandla wezoQoqosho oKhethekileyo waseHainan.Apho kuyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuvelisa okanye ukusebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane ezinetyhefu kakhulu okanye izithako eziyityhefu kakhulu ngenxa yeemfuno ezizodwa, imvume iya kufunyanwa kwisebe elinobuchule lezolimo nemicimbi yasemaphandleni kurhulumente wabantu bephondo;apho imvume iya kufunyanwa kwisebe elinobuchule lezolimo kunye neMicimbi yasemaphandleni yeBhunga likarhulumente ngokomthetho, izibonelelo zayo ziya kulandelwa.Isebe elinobuchule bezolimo kunye nemicimbi yasemaphandleni kurhulumente wabantu bephondo liya kupapasha eluntwini kwaye liprinte kwaye lisasaze ikhathalogu yeentlobo zezitshabalalisi kunye nomda wosetyenziso apho ukuveliswa, ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane kukhuthazwa, kuthintelwe kwaye kuthintelwe kaRhulumente kunye nemimandla ekhethekileyo yezoqoqosho, kwaye uyithumele kwiindawo zokusebenza ze-pesticide kunye neendawo zeeofisi zeKomiti yabantu bedolophana (abahlali).Oko kukuthi, kule nxalenye yoluhlu lokusetyenziswa oluthintelweyo, lusaxhomekeke kuMmandla oKhethekileyo waseHainan.
Akukho nkululeko ipheleleyo, inkqubo yokuthenga izitshabalalisi kwi-intanethi ivakala ngakumbi
Ukupheliswa kwenkqubo ye-franchise ye-pesticide wholesale kuthetha ukuba ukuthengiswa kwe-pesticide kunye nokulawulwa kwesiqithi kusimahla, kodwa inkululeko ayiyonkululeko ipheleleyo.
Inqaku lesi-8 “leMibonelelo eMininzi” liphucula ngakumbi inkqubo yolawulo lwamachiza ukuze ilungelelanise nemeko entsha, iifomathi ezintsha kunye neemfuno ezintsha kummandla wokusasazwa kwezibulali-zinambuzane.Okokuqala, ukuphunyezwa kwe-electronic ledger, abavelisi be-pesticides kunye nabaqhubi kufuneka baseke i-ledger ye-elektroniki ngokusebenzisa iqonga lolwazi lwe-pesticide, irekhodi epheleleyo kunye nenyani yokuthengwa kwe-pesticide kunye nolwazi lokuthengisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthombo kunye nendawo yokusingisa i-pesticides inokulandelwa.Okwesibini kukuseka nokuphucula inkqubo yokuthengwa kwe-intanethi kunye nokuthengiswa kwe-pesticides, kwaye icacise ukuba ukuthengiswa kwe-intanethi ye-pesticides kufuneka kuhambelane nemimiselo echaphazelekayo yolawulo lwe-pesticide.Okwesithathu kukucacisa isebe lokuphonononga intengiso ye-pesticide, echaza ukuba intengiso ye-pesticide kufuneka ihlaziywe ngumasipala, i-county kunye ne-autonomous County yezolimo kunye namagunya asemaphandleni ngaphambi kokukhululwa, kwaye ayiyi kukhululwa ngaphandle kokuhlaziywa.
I-e-commerce ye-pesticide ivula ipateni entsha
Ngaphambi kokukhululwa "kweMibonelelo ethile", zonke iimveliso ze-pesticide ezingena e-Hainan azikwazi ukuba ishishini le-wholesale, kwaye i-pesticide e-commerce ayinakukhankanywa.
Nangona kunjalo, iNqaku le-10 le "Miqathango eMininzi" libonisa ukuba abo babandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yoshishino lwezitshabalalisi nge-Intanethi kunye nolunye ulwazi lothungelwano kufuneka bafumane iilayisensi zoshishino lwezinambuzane ngokuhambelana nomthetho, kwaye baqhubeke bepapasha iilayisensi zabo zoshishino, iilayisensi zoshishino lwezinambuzane kunye nezinye. ulwazi lokwenyani olunxulumene nemisebenzi yeshishini kwindawo ebalaseleyo kwiphepha lasekhaya lewebhusayithi yabo okanye iphepha eliphambili lemisebenzi yabo yeshishini.Kufuneka ihlaziywe ngexesha.
Oku kuthetha ukuba i-e-commerce ye-pesticide, eyayivinjelwe ngokungqongqo, ivule imeko kwaye ingangena kwimarike yaseHainan emva ko-Oktobha 1, 2023. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba "iMiqathango emininzi" ifuna ukuba iiyunithi kunye nabantu ngabanye. abathenga izibulali-zinambuzane nge-Intanethi kufuneka babonelele ngolwazi lokuthenga oluyinyani nolusebenzayo.Kodwa ayinamsebenzi, kuba okwangoku, omabini amacala entengiselwano yeqonga le-e-commerce elifanelekileyo ligama lokwenyani lokubhaliswa okanye ukubhaliswa.
Ababoneleli bezoLimo kufuneka benze umsebenzi olungileyo kwinguqu yobuchwepheshe
Emva kokuphunyezwa kwe "Amalungiselelo athile" ngo-Oktobha 1, 2023, kuthetha ukuba imarike ye-pesticide e-Hainan iphumeze inkqubo yokulawula edityaniswe nelayisenisi yelizwe loshishino lwe-pesticide, oko kukuthi, imarike edibeneyo.Ngokudityaniswa nokuchithwa ngokusemthethweni kwe "Hainan Special Economic Zone Pesticide kunye neMiqathango yoLawulo lwelayisenisi yokuthengisa", kuthetha ukuba phantsi kweemarike ezinkulu ezidibeneyo, ixabiso le-pesticides e-Hainan liya kugqitywa ngakumbi yimarike.
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ngokulandelayo, kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwenguqu, ukuguqulwa kweemarike ze-pesticide e-Hainan kuya kuqhubeka nokukhawuleza kwaye kuwele kumthamo wangaphakathi: iziteshi zevolumu, amaxabiso omthamo, iinkonzo zevolumu.
Abangaphakathi kwishishini bathi emva kokuba i-monopoly pattern of "8 wonke umntu" yaphulwa, inani labathengisi be-pesticides kunye neevenkile ezithengisa eHainan ziya kunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe, imithombo yokuthenga iya kuba yinto ehlukeneyo, kwaye iindleko zokuthenga ziya kuhla ngokufanelekileyo;Inani leemveliso kunye neenkcukacha zemveliso nazo ziya kwanda kakhulu, kwaye indawo ekhethiweyo yabathengisi abancinci nabaphakathi, abathengisi, kunye namafama ukuthenga iimveliso zokubulala izitshabalalisi ziya kunyuka, kwaye iindleko zamachiza kumafama ziya kuncipha ngokufanelekileyo.Ukhuphiswano lweearhente luqinisa, lujongene nokupheliswa okanye ukuhlenga-hlengisa;Imijelo yentengiso yezolimo iya kuba mfutshane, abavelisi banokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwitheminali/amafama ngaphaya komthengisi;Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukhuphiswano lweemarike luya kuvutha ngakumbi, imfazwe yexabiso iya kuba nzima.Ngokukodwa kubathengisi kunye nabathengisi eHainan, ukhuphiswano oluphambili kufuneka lutshintshe ukusuka kwimithombo yemveliso ukuya kwicala leenkonzo zobugcisa, ukusuka ekuthengiseni iimveliso evenkileni ukuya ekuthengiseni itekhnoloji kunye neenkonzo kwintsimi, kwaye yinto engenakuphepheka yokuguqula ibe yinkonzo yobugcisa. umboneleli.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-22-2024