IHainan, njengephondo lokuqala eTshayina ukuvula imakethi yezixhobo zezolimo, iphondo lokuqala ukuphumeza inkqubo ye-franchise yokuthengiswa kwezinambuzane ngobuninzi, iphondo lokuqala ukuphumeza ukulebhelishwa kwemveliso kunye nokubhalwa kweekhowudi zezibulali zinambuzane, umkhwa omtsha wotshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lwezibulali zinambuzane, ibisoloko iyinto ethathelwa ingqalelo lishishini lezixhobo zezolimo lesizwe, ingakumbi ulwakhiwo olubanzi lwabaqhubi beshishini leemveliso zezibulali zinambuzane eHainan.
Ngomhla wama-25 kweyoKwindla, ngowama-2024, ukuze kuphunyezwe imiqathango efanelekileyo yeMithetho yoKhuphiswano oluLungileyo lweZibuko loRhwebo oluKhululekileyo lwaseHainan kunye neMithetho yoLawulo lweeNgcambu kwiNdawo yoQoqosho ekhethekileyo yaseHainan, eyaqala ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kweyeDwarha, ngowama-2023, uRhulumente wabantu bePhondo laseHainan wagqiba ekubeni arhoxise iMithetho yoLawulo lweeNgcambu zoTywala nezoThengiso kwiNdawo yoQoqosho ekhethekileyo yaseHainan.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ulawulo lwezibulali-zinambuzane eHainan luza kuthatha inyathelo elikhulu phambili, imakethi iya kukhululeka ngakumbi, kwaye imeko yabantu abasi-8 abalawulayo (ngaphambi komhla woku-1 ku-Okthobha 2023, kukho amashishini athengisa izibulali-zinambuzane asi-8, amashishini athengisa izibulali-zinambuzane ayi-1,638 kunye namashishini athintela izibulali-zinambuzane angama-298 kwiPhondo laseHainan) aza kwaphulwa ngokusemthethweni. Iguqukele kwindlela entsha yokulawula, ibe ngumthamo omtsha: iindlela zomthamo, amaxabiso omthamo, iinkonzo zomthamo.
“Imithetho emitsha” ka-2023 iphunyeziwe
Ngaphambi kokuba kurhoxiswe iMiqathango yoLawulo lweMisebenzi yeZibulali-zinambuzane ngobuninzi nangokuthengisa kwiNdawo yoQoqosho ekhethekileyo yaseHainan, iMiqathango yoLawulo lweZibulali-zinambuzane kwiNdawo yoQoqosho ekhethekileyo yaseHainan (ebizwa ngokuba “yiMiqathango”) iqaliswe ukusebenza nge-1 ka-Okthobha 2023.
“Ayisahluli phakathi kwemisebenzi yokuthengiswa kwezibulali zinambuzane ngokuthengisa ngobuninzi nangokuthengisa, iyanciphisa ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane, kwaye ngokufanayo ayisayi kumisela amashishini athengiswa ngobuninzi kunye nabathengisi bezibulali zinambuzane ngokubhida, iyanciphisa iindleko zolawulo lwezibulali zinambuzane, kwaye isebenzise inkqubo yolawulo ehambelana nelayisenisi yolawulo lwezibulali zinambuzane yesizwe…”
Oku kuzise iindaba ezimnandi kakhulu kuluntu lonke lwezolimo, ngoko ke olu xwebhu luye lwaqatshelwa kwaye lwanconywa luninzi lwabaqhubi bezibulali-zinambuzane. Kuba oku kuthetha ukuba amandla emarike angaphezu kweebhiliyoni ezi-2 zeeyuan kwimarike yezibulali-zinambuzane yaseHainan aya kukhululeka, kwaye kuya kuzisa umjikelo omtsha wotshintsho olukhulu namathuba.
"Imimiselo eliqela" evela kwinguqulelo ka-2017 ye-60 ehlengahlengisiweyo ukuya kwi-26, ithatha uhlobo lomthetho othi "ukusikwa okuncinci, umoya omfutshane wokuzila", inamathela kwingxaki ejolise kuyo, yokuvelisa, ukuthutha, ukugcina, ukulawula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kwinkqubo yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo, kunye notshintsho olujoliswe kuyo.
Phakathi kwazo, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kukurhoxiswa kwenkqubo yokuthengiswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ngobuninzi.
Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto eziphambili kunye nezinto ezibalaseleyo "kwimithetho emitsha" esele iphunyeziwe phantse isiqingatha sonyaka, siza kuyilungisa size siyiphinde siyijonge, ukuze senze abavelisi kunye nabaqhubi bezinambuzane zasekuhlaleni kwimarike yezibulala-zinambuzane yaseHainan babe nokuqonda okucacileyo kunye nokuqonda imithetho emitsha, bakhokhele ngcono kwaye balungise uyilo lwabo kunye namaqhinga oshishino, kwaye basebenzise amathuba amatsha phantsi kotshintsho lwexesha.
Inkqubo yokuthengiswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ngobuninzi iye yapheliswa ngokusemthethweni
"IiMimiselo eMininzi" imisela imithetho yokhuphiswano olufanelekileyo lwamachweba orhwebo olukhululekileyo, itshintsha inkqubo yokuqala yolawulo lwezibulali-zinambuzane, ilawula ukuziphatha koshishino okungekho mthethweni ukusuka kumthombo, kwaye iqinisekise ukuba abadlali bemarike yezibulali-zinambuzane bathatha inxaxheba ngokufanelekileyo kukhuphiswano.
Okokuqala kukurhoxisa inkqubo ye-franchise ye-wholesale franchise yezibulali zinambuzane, kungasahlulwa phakathi kwemisebenzi ye-wholesale kunye neye-retail yezibulali zinambuzane, kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane. Ngoko ke, amashishini e-wholesale zinambuzane kunye nabathengisi bezibulali zinambuzane abasamiselwa ngokubhida, ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zokusebenza kwezibulali zinambuzane.
Okwesibini kukuphumeza inkqubo yolawulo enxulumene nelayisenisi yeshishini lezinambuzane zesizwe, kwaye abaqhubi beezinambuzane abafanelekileyo bangafaka izicelo ngqo kumasebe afanelekileyo ezolimo nawasemaphandleni oorhulumente babantu bezixeko, iisithili kunye neesithili ezizimeleyo apho imisebenzi yabo ifumaneka khona ukuze bafumane iilayisenisi zoshishino lweezinambuzane.
Enyanisweni, kwasekuqaleni kowe-1997, iPhondo laseHainan laba lelokuqala kweli lizwe ukusebenzisa inkqubo yelayisenisi yezibulali-zinambuzane nokuvula imakethi yezibulali-zinambuzane, kwaye ngo-2005, kwakhutshwa “iMithetho eMininzi yoLawulo lweeZibulali-zinambuzane kwiNdawo yoQoqosho ekhethekileyo yaseHainan”, eyalungisa olu tshintsho ngendlela yemigaqo.
NgoJulayi 2010, iHainan Provincial People's Congress yabhengeza "iMithetho eMininzi yoLawulo lweePesticides kwiHainan Special Economic Zone" entsha ehlaziyiweyo, yaseka inkqubo ye-franchise ye-wholesale franchise ye-pesticides kwiPhondo laseHainan. Ngo-Epreli 2011, urhulumente wePhondo laseHainan wakhupha "amanyathelo oLawulo lweeLayisensi zeShishini le-Pesticides Wholesale and Retail kwiPhondo laseHainan", echaza ukuba ngo-2013, kuya kubakho amashishini amabini ukuya kwamathathu kuphela kwiphondo laseHainan, ngalinye linemali ebhalisiweyo engaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi zeeyuan; Eli phondo linamaziko okusasaza eedolophu ezili-18 kunye nesithili; Kukho amashishini athengisa malunga nama-205, ngokomgaqo-siseko i-1 kwilokishi nganye, enemali ebhalisiweyo engaphantsi kwe-1 yezigidi zeeyuan, kwaye izixeko kunye nesithili zinokwenza uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo ngokwemeko yophuhliso lwezolimo, ulwakhiwo lweefama zikarhulumente kunye neemeko zendlela. Ngowama-2012, iHainan yakhupha iqela lokuqala leelayisenisi zokuthengisa izibulali-zinambuzane, nto leyo ebonisa inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo ekuhlaziyweni kwenkqubo yolawulo lwezibulali-zinambuzane eHainan, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba abavelisi banokuthengisa kuphela iimveliso zezibulali-zinambuzane eHainan ngokusebenzisana nabathengisi abathengisa ngobuninzi abamenyiweyo ukuba bathengise izibulali-zinambuzane ngurhulumente.
"IiMiqathango Eziliqela" ziphucula indlela yolawulo lwezibulala-zinambuzane, zirhoxise inkqubo yefranchise ye-franchise ye-wholesale pesticide, azisahluli phakathi kwemisebenzi ye-wholesale pesticide kunye ne-retail, zinciphisa ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, kwaye ngokufanayo azisayi kumisela indlela yamashishini e-wholesale pesticide kunye nabathengisi bezibulala-zinambuzane ngokubhida, ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zolawulo lwezibulala-zinambuzane. Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yolawulo lwelayisenisi yeshishini lezibulala-zinambuzane yesizwe, abaqhubi bezibulala-zinambuzane abafanelekileyo banokufaka isicelo ngqo kwisixeko, kwisithili, kurhulumente wabantu wesithili ozimeleyo ophethe ezolimo kunye nabasemagunyeni basemaphandleni ukuze bafumane ilayisenisi yeshishini lezibulala-zinambuzane.
Abasebenzi beofisi efanelekileyo yeSebe lezoLimo neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni laseHainan bathi: Oku kuthetha ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wezibulali-zinambuzane eHainan uya kuhambelana nomgangatho wesizwe, akusekho mahluko phakathi kokuthengisa ngobuninzi kunye nokuthengisa ngobuninzi, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokubhala ilebheli; Ukupheliswa kwenkqubo ye-franchise ye-wholesale ye-pesticides kuthetha ukuba iimveliso zezibulali-zinambuzane zikhululekile ukungena kwesi siqithi, lo gama nje iimveliso zihambelana kwaye inkqubo ihambelana, akukho mfuneko yokurekhoda nokuvuma isiqithi.
Ngomhla wama-25 kuMatshi, uRhulumente wabantu wePhondo laseHainan wagqiba ekubeni aphelise “iMiqathango yoLawulo lweeLayisensi zeZibulali-zinambuzane zeHainan Special Economic Zone” (Qiongfu [2017] No. 25), nto leyo ethetha ukuba kwixesha elizayo, amashishini akwilizwekazi angasebenzisana ngokusesikweni namashishini akwisiqithi ngokuhambelana nemigaqo, kwaye abavelisi kunye nabaqhubi bezibulali-zinambuzane baya kuba nokukhetha okukhulu.
Ngokutsho kwemithombo yemizi-mveliso, emva kokurhoxiswa ngokusesikweni kwenkqubo yokuthengiswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ngobuninzi, kuya kubakho amashishini amaninzi angena eHainan, amaxabiso emveliso ahambelanayo aya kuncitshiswa, kwaye ukhetho oluninzi luya kuba luhle kubalimi beziqhamo nemifuno baseHainan.
I-biopesticides iyathembisa
Inqaku lesi-4 leMiqathango lithi oorhulumente babantu abakwinqanaba lesithili okanye ngaphezulu kwaso, ngokuhambelana nemimiselo efanelekileyo, baya kunika izikhuthazo kunye nezibonelelo kwabo basebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo, okanye basebenzise ubuchwepheshe bebhayoloji, obubonakalayo nobunye ukuthintela nokulawula izifo kunye nezinambuzane. Khuthaza abavelisi kunye nabaqhubi bezibulali-zinambuzane, amaziko ophando lwezesayensi yezolimo, iikholeji kunye neeyunivesithi zobungcali, imibutho ekhethekileyo yeenkonzo zokulawula izifo kunye nezinambuzane, imibutho yobungcali kunye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo kunye neminye imibutho yoluntu ukuba ibonelele ngoqeqesho lobuchwephesha, isikhokelo kunye neenkonzo kubasebenzisi bezibulali-zinambuzane.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-biopesticides zithembisa kakhulu kwimarike yaseHainan.
Okwangoku, ii-biopesticides zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo ezithengiswayo ezimelwe ziziqhamo nemifuno, kwaye iHainan liphondo elikhulu elinezityalo ezityebileyo zeziqhamo nemifuno eTshayina.
Ngokwengxelo yeNational Economic and Social Development ye-Statistics Bulletin of Hainan Province ngo-2023, ukusukela ngo-2022, indawo yokuvunwa kwemifuno (kuquka neevatala zemifuno) kwiPhondo laseHainan iya kuba yi-4.017 yezigidi zeerandi, kwaye imveliso iya kuba yi-6.0543 yezigidi zeerandi; Indawo yokuvunwa kweziqhamo yayiyi-3.2630 yezigidi zeerandi, kwaye imveliso yayiyi-5.6347 yezigidi zeerandi.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umonakalo wezinambuzane ezinganyangekiyo, ezifana nee-thrips, ii-aphids, izinambuzane ezinamaqokobhe kunye ne-whitefly, uye wanda unyaka nonyaka, kwaye imeko yolawulo imbi kakhulu. Phantsi kwemvelaphi yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nophuhliso lwezolimo oluluhlaza, iHainan ibisebenzisa ingcamango "yokuthintela nokulawula okuluhlaza". Ngokudibanisa izibulali-zinambuzane zebhayoloji kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane zekhemikhali ezisebenzayo nezingenobungozi kangako, iHainan idibanise iindlela zokuthintela nokulawula iteknoloji yokulawula izifo zomzimba kunye nezinambuzane, iteknoloji yokuzikhusela kwizityalo, iteknoloji yokulawula izibulali-zinambuzane zebhayoloji kunye neteknoloji yokulawula izibulali-zinambuzane ezisebenzayo nezingenobungozi kangako. Ingalula ixesha lokuthintela nokulawula kwaye inciphise amaxesha okusetyenziswa, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokunciphisa inani lezibulali-zinambuzane zekhemikhali kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wezityalo.
Umzekelo, ekulawuleni ii-thrips ezichasene nee-cowpea, isebe lezibulali-zinambuzane laseHainan licebisa ukuba abalimi basebenzise ulwelo oluphindwe ka-1000 iMetaria anisopliae kunye netyuwa yeMetaria eyi-5.7% amaxesha ka-2000 ulwelo, ukongeza kwi-insecticide kunye nokwandisa i-ovicide, ulawulo lwabantu abadala kunye neqanda ngaxeshanye, ukuze kwandiswe isiphumo solawulo kwaye kugcinwe ixesha lokusetyenziswa.
Kunokuqikelelwa ukuba ii-biopesticides zinokukhuthaza ngokubanzi kunye namathuba okusetyenziswa kwimarike yeziqhamo nemifuno yaseHainan.
Ukuveliswa nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezingavumelekanga kuya kulawulwa ngokungqongqo ngakumbi
Ngenxa yeengxaki zengingqi, imiqathango yokubulala iintsholongwane eHainan ibisoloko ingqongqo kunezo zikwilizwekazi. Ngomhla wesi-4 kweyoKwindla, ngo-2021, iSebe lezoLimo neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni laseHainan likhuphe "Uluhlu lweMveliso eNgavumelekanga, ukuThuthwa, ukuGcinwa, ukuthengiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kwiHainan Special Economic Zone" (inguqulelo ehlaziyiweyo ngo-2021). Esi Sibhengezo sidwelise izibulali-zinambuzane ezingama-73 ezingavumelekanga, ezisixhenxe ezingaphezulu koluhlu lwezibulali-zinambuzane ezingavumelekanga ezenziwe yiSebe lezoLimo neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni. Phakathi kwazo, ukuthengiswa nokusetyenziswa kwefenvalerate, butyryl hydrazine (bijo), chlorpyrifos, triazophos, flufenamide akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo.
Inqaku lesi-3 leMigqaliselo lichaza ukuba ukuveliswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane ezinezithako ezinobungozi kakhulu nezinobungozi kakhulu akuvumelekanga kwiHainan Special Economic Zone. Apho kuyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuvelisa okanye ukusebenzisa izibulali zinambuzane ezinezithako ezinobungozi kakhulu okanye ezinobungozi kakhulu ngenxa yeemfuno ezikhethekileyo, imvume iya kufunyanwa kwisebe lezolimo nemicimbi yasemaphandleni likarhulumente wabantu bephondo; apho imvume iya kufunyanwa kwisebe lezolimo nemicimbi yasemaphandleni likarhulumente wephondo ngokomthetho, imigaqo yayo iya kulandelwa. Isebe lezolimo nemicimbi yasemaphandleni likarhulumente wabantu bephondo liya kupapasha kuluntu kwaye lishicilele kwaye lisasaze ikhathalogu yeentlobo zezibulali zinambuzane kunye nobubanzi bokusetyenziswa kwayo apho ukuveliswa, ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane kukhuthazwa, kuthintelwe kwaye kungavumelekanga nguRhulumente kunye neendawo ezikhethekileyo zoqoqosho, kwaye kuyibeke kwiindawo zokusebenza kwezibulali zinambuzane nakwiindawo zeeofisi zeKomiti yabantu belali (abahlali). Oko kukuthi, kule nxalenye yoluhlu lokusetyenziswa okungavumelekanga, isaphantsi kweHainan Special Zone.
Akukho nkululeko ipheleleyo, inkqubo yokuthenga izibulali-zinambuzane kwi-intanethi ilungile ngakumbi
Ukupheliswa kwenkqubo yokuthengiswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ngobuninzi kuthetha ukuba ukuthengiswa nokulawulwa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kwesi siqithi kukhululekile, kodwa inkululeko ayisiyo inkululeko epheleleyo.
Inqaku lesi-8 le-"Several Provisions" liphucula ngakumbi inkqubo yolawulo lwamayeza ukuze ivumelane nemeko entsha, iifomathi ezintsha kunye neemfuno ezintsha kwicandelo lokujikeleziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Okokuqala, ukusetyenziswa kwe-electronic ledger, abavelisi bezibulala-zinambuzane kunye nabaqhubi kufuneka bamisele i-electronic ledger ngeqonga lolawulo lolwazi lwezibulala-zinambuzane, irekhodi epheleleyo neyinyani yokuthengwa kunye nolwazi lokuthengisa izibulala-zinambuzane, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthombo kunye nendawo eziya kuyo izibulala-zinambuzane zinokulandelelwa. Okwesibini kukumisela nokuphucula inkqubo yokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kwi-intanethi, kunye nokwenza kucace ukuba ukuthengiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kwi-intanethi kufuneka kuhambelane nemigaqo efanelekileyo yolawulo lwezibulala-zinambuzane. Okwesithathu kukucacisa isebe lophononongo lwentengiso yezibulala-zinambuzane, lichaza ukuba intengiso yezibulala-zinambuzane kufuneka ihlolwe ziigunya zezolimo kunye nezasemaphandleni zikamasipala, zesithili kunye nezesithili ezizimeleyo ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshwe, kwaye aziyi kukhutshwa ngaphandle kokuhlolwa.
Urhwebo lwe-e-commerce lwezibulala-zinambuzane luvula indlela entsha
Ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwe-"Certain Provisions", zonke iimveliso zezibulali-zinambuzane ezingena eHainan azinakuba zezorhwebo ngobuninzi, kwaye urhwebo lwe-e-commerce lwezibulali-zinambuzane alunakukhankanywa.
Nangona kunjalo, iNqaku le-10 "leMigqaliselo eMininzi" libonisa ukuba abo babandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yeshishini lezinambuzane nge-Intanethi kunye nezinye iinethiwekhi zolwazi kufuneka bafumane iilayisenisi zoshishino lwezinambuzane ngokuhambelana nomthetho, kwaye baqhubeke nokwazisa iilayisenisi zabo zoshishino, iilayisenisi zoshishino lwezinambuzane kunye nolunye ulwazi lokwenyani olunxulumene nemisebenzi yeshishini kwindawo ebonakalayo kwiphepha lasekhaya lewebhusayithi yabo okanye kwiphepha eliphambili lemisebenzi yabo yeshishini. Kufuneka ihlaziywe ngexesha.
Oku kuthetha ukuba urhwebo lwe-e-commerce lwezibulali zinambuzane, olwalungavumelekanga ngokungqongqo, luvule imeko kwaye lunokungena kwimarike yaseHainan emva komhla woku-1 kweyeDwarha ngo-2023. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba "IiMimiselo eliqela" zifuna ukuba iiyunithi kunye nabantu abathenga izibulali zinambuzane nge-Intanethi bafanele banike ulwazi lokuthenga oluyinyani nolusebenzayo. Kodwa akunamsebenzi, kuba okwangoku, omabini amacala entengiselwano yeqonga elifanelekileyo le-e-commerce lubhaliso okanye ubhaliso lwamagama okwenyani.
Ababoneleli bezolimo kufuneka benze umsebenzi olungileyo ekuguquleni ubuchwepheshe
Emva kokuphunyezwa kwe-"Citizen Provisions" nge-1 ka-Okthobha 2023, kuthetha ukuba imakethi yezibulali-zinambuzane eHainan iqalise inkqubo yolawulo enxulumene nelayisenisi yeshishini lezibulali-zinambuzane likazwelonke, oko kukuthi, imakethi edibeneyo. Ngokudibene nokurhoxiswa ngokusesikweni kwe-"Hainan Special Economic Zone Pesticide Pesticide Management Measures" yoLawulo lweLayisensi yeShishini leeNqwelo-mafutha ezithengiswayo kunye nezokuthengisa, kuthetha ukuba phantsi kwemakethi enkulu edibeneyo, ixabiso lezibulali-zinambuzane eHainan liya kugqitywa ngakumbi yimakethi.
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, okulandelayo, ngokuqhubeka kotshintsho, ukutshintshwa kwemarike yezibulali-zinambuzane eHainan kuya kuqhubeka kukhawulezisa kwaye kwehle kumthamo wangaphakathi: iindlela zomthamo, amaxabiso omthamo, iinkonzo zomthamo.
Abantu abangaphakathi kushishino bathi emva kokuba iphethini yokulawula i-monopoly "yabantu abayi-8" iphulwe, inani labathengisi bee-pesticide kunye neevenkile ezithengisa eHainan liza kunyuka kancinci kancinci, imithombo yokuthenga iya kwahluka ngakumbi, kwaye iindleko zokuthenga ziya kuncipha ngokufanelekileyo; Inani leemveliso kunye neempawu zemveliso nazo ziya kunyuka kakhulu, kwaye indawo yokukhetha yabathengisi abancinci nabaphakathi, abathengisi, kunye namafama yokuthenga iimveliso zeepesticide iya kunyuka, kwaye ixabiso lamayeza kumafama liya kuncipha ngokufanelekileyo. Ukhuphiswano lweearhente luyaqina, lujongene nokupheliswa okanye ukutshintshwa; Iindlela zokuthengisa ezolimo ziya kuba mfutshane, abavelisi banokufikelela ngqo kwisiphelo/amafama ngaphaya komthengisi; Kakade ke, ukhuphiswano lwemarike luya kuba shushu ngakumbi, imfazwe yamaxabiso iya kuba nzima ngakumbi. Ingakumbi kubasasazi kunye nabathengisi eHainan, ukhuphiswano oluphambili kufuneka lutshintshe ukusuka kwizixhobo zemveliso ukuya kwicala leenkonzo zobugcisa, ukusuka ekuthengiseni iimveliso evenkileni ukuya ekuthengiseni itekhnoloji kunye neenkonzo ebaleni, kwaye ngumkhwa ongenakuphepheka ukuguqula ube ngumboneleli weenkonzo zobugcisa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-22-2024