Izidalwa ezivela kwiibhere ezimnyama ukuya kwi-cuckoos zibonelela ngezisombululo zendalo kunye ne-eco-friendly ukulawula izinambuzane ezingafunekiyo.
Kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba kukho iikhemikhali kunye nezitshizi, amakhandlela e-citronella kunye ne-DEET, indalo yabonelela ngamarhamncwa kuzo zonke izidalwa ezicaphukisayo zoluntu.Amalulwane atya iimpukane ezilumayo, amasele atya iingcongconi, namagwinya kooonomeva.
Ngapha koko, amasele kunye namaxoxo anokutya iingcongconi ezininzi kangangokuba uphononongo lwango-2022 lwafumanisa utyando lwesifo seengcongconi zabantu kwiindawo zoMbindi Merika ngenxa yokuqhambuka kwezifo eziphila emanzini.Olunye uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba amanye amalulwane anokutya ukuya kutsho kwiwaka leengcongconi ngeyure.(Fumana ukuba kutheni amalulwane engawona magorha okwenene endalo.)
"Iininzi zezilwanyana zilawulwa kakuhle ziintshaba zendalo," kusho uDouglas Tallamy, u-TA Baker uNjingalwazi wezoLimo kwiYunivesithi yaseDelaware.
Ngoxa ezi ntlobo zidumileyo zolawulo lwezinambuzane zifumana ingqalelo eninzi, ezinye izilwanyana ezininzi zichitha imini nobusuku zikhangela yaye ziqwenga izinambuzane zasehlotyeni, kwezinye iimeko zivelisa ubuchule obukhethekileyo bokuqwenga amaxhoba azo.Nazi ezinye zezona zihlekisayo.
UWinnie the Pooh usenokubuthanda ubusi, kodwa xa ibhere yokwenyani igrumba indlu yeenyosi, ayikhangeli incangathi, iswekile eswiti, kodwa imibungu ethambileyo emhlophe.
Nangona iibhere ezimnyama zaseMelika ezithatha amathuba zitya phantse yonke into ukusuka kwinkunkuma yabantu ukuya kumasimi kajongilanga kunye nefawn ngamaxesha athile, ngamanye amaxesha zisebenza kwizinambuzane, kubandakanya neentlobo zoonomeva ezihlaselayo ezifana neebhatyi ezityheli.
“Bazingela imibungu,” watsho uDavid Garshelis, usihlalo weqela leengcaphephe zebhere kwi-International Union for Conservation of Nature.“Ndikhe ndababona begrumba iindlwane emva koko bahlaselwe, njengathi,” baze baqhubeke besondla.(Funda indlela iibhere ezimnyama ezibuyela ngayo kuMntla Merika.)
Kweminye imimandla yoMntla Merika, ngoxa iibhere ezimnyama zilinda ukuba amaqunube avuthwe, ii<em>omnivores zigcina ubunzima bazo yaye zide zizuze phantse onke amanqatha azo ngokutya iimbovane ezineprotini ezininzi njengeimbovane ezityheli.
Ezinye iingcongconi, ezinjengeToxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis, ezifumaneka kumzantsi-mpuma weUnited States, ziphila ngokutya ezinye iingcongconi.T. septentrionalis imibungu ihlala emanzini amileyo, anjengemingxuma yemithi, kwaye itya eminye imibungu yeengcongconi emincinci, kuquka neentlobo ezisasaza izifo zabantu.Kwilebhu, omnye umbungu weengcongconi iT. septentrionalis unokubulala eminye imibungu yeengcongconi engama-20 ukuya kuma-50 ngosuku.
Okubangela umdla kukuba, ngokwephepha lika-2022, le mibungu ngababulali abangaphezulu ababulala amaxhoba abo kodwa bangawatyi.
"Ukuba ukubulawa ngenkani kwenzeka ngokwemvelo, kunokunyusa ukusebenza kwe-Toxoplasma gondii ekulawuleni iingcongconi ezifunxa igazi," ababhali babhala.
Kwiintaka ezininzi, akukho nto imnandi ngaphezu kwamawaka emibungu, ngaphandle kokuba loo mibungu igqunywe buboya obuhlabayo obucaphukisa ngaphakathi kwakho.Kodwa hayi i-cuckoo yaseMntla Melika etyheli.
Le ntaka inkulu ngokwentelekiso inomlomo omthubi oqaqambileyo inokuginya imibungu, ngamaxesha athile ikhuphe umqala wommizo kunye nesisu sayo (ibumba amathumbu afana nelindle lezikhova) ize iqale phantsi kwakhona.(Bukela umbungu ujika ube libhabhathane.)
Nangona iintlobo ezinjengeemibungu zentente kunye ne-webworms yasekwindla ziyinzalelwane yaseMntla Melika, abantu bazo banyuka ngamaxesha athile, bedala isidlo esingenakucingelwa kwi-cuckoo enebhilidi etyheli, kunye nophononongo olucebisa ukuba banokutya ukuya kumakhulu emibungu ngexesha.
Alukho uhlobo lombungu olukhathaza izityalo okanye abantu, kodwa lunika iintaka ukutya okuxabisekileyo, ezithi emva koko zitye ezinye izinambuzane.
Ukuba ubona intulo yasempuma ebomvu eqaqambileyo ihamba ecaleni kwendlela kwimpuma yeUnited States, sebeza “enkosi.”
Ezi salamanders ixesha elide, uninzi lwazo ziphila ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eyi-12-15, ukutya iingcongconi ezithwele izifo kuzo zonke izigaba zobomi babo, ukusuka imibungu ukuya imibungu kunye nabantu abadala.
U-JJ Apodaca, umlawuli olawulayo we-Amphibian kunye neReptile Conservancy, akakwazanga ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba mingaphi imibungu yeengcongconi etyiwa yi-salamander yasempumalanga ngosuku, kodwa izidalwa zinomdla wokutya kwaye zininzi ngokwaneleyo "ukwenza impembelelo" kubemi beengcongconi. .
Ingqatyana lasehlotyeni lisenokuba lihle nomzimba walo obomvu ngokumangalisayo, kodwa oku kusenokungamthuthuzeli kancinane unomeva, athi inqanawa iphaphaze emoyeni, imbuyisele emthini ize imbethe afe emasebeni.
Iintaka zasehlotyeni zihlala kumazantsi eUnited States kwaye nyaka ngamnye zifudukela eMzantsi Merika, apho zitya izinambuzane.Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintaka, amahobe asehlotyeni asebenza ngokukhethekileyo ekuzingeleni iinyosi noonomeva.
Ukunqanda ukuhlatywa, babamba oonomeva abanjengoonomeva besuka emoyeni baze, xa sele bebulewe, bosule iingono emasebeni omthi ngaphambi kokuba batye, ngokutsho kweCornell Lab yeOrnithology.
UTallamy wathi ngoxa iindlela zokwemvelo zokulawula izinambuzane zahlukahlukene, “indlela yomntu engqongqo itshabalalisa ezo ntlobo-ntlobo.”
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpembelelo zoluntu ezifana nokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nongcoliseko lunokwenzakalisa amarhamncwa endalo afana neentaka kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
“Asinakuphila kwesi sijikelezi-langa ngokubulala izinambuzane,” utshilo uTallamy.“Zizinto ezincinci ezilawula ihlabathi.Ngoko sinokugxila kwindlela yokulawula izinto ezingaqhelekanga. "
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-24-2024