Iitapile, ingqolowa, irayisi, kunye nombona zaziwa ngokubanzi njengezityalo ezine ezibalulekileyo zokutya emhlabeni, kwaye zithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwezolimo lwaseTshayina. Iitapile, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziitapile, ziyimifuno eqhelekileyo ebomini bethu. Zingenziwa zibe zizinto ezininzi ezimnandi. Zinexabiso lesondlo elingaphezulu kunezinye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Zityebile kakhulu kwisitatshi, iiminerali kunye neeproteni. Zine "apile ezingaphantsi komhlaba". Isihloko. Kodwa kwinkqubo yokutyala iitapile, abalimi badla ngokudibana nezinambuzane nezifo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu iingenelo zokutyala kwabalimi. Ngexesha elifudumeleyo nelinomswakama, ukwanda kwesifo seepatata blight kuphezulu. Ngoko ke, zithini iimpawu zesifo seepatata blight? Ungasithintela njani?
Iimpawu zengozi Ziyawonakalisa amagqabi kakhulu, uninzi lwawo lusifo sokuqala kumagqabi asezantsi abonakala ekwinqanaba eliphakathi nelisekupheleni lokukhula. Amagqabi eetapile asulelekile, eqala kufutshane nomphetho wegqabi okanye incam, amabala amdaka aluhlaza-mdaka enziwa kwinqanaba lokuqala, aze emva koko akhule kancinci kancinci abe ziindawo ezingqukuva ezinombala ongwevu-mdaka-obomvu, ezinemibala engabonakaliyo, kwaye imiphetho yangaphandle yamabala anesifo idla ngokuba yiChlorescence kwaye ibe tyheli, kwaye ekugqibeleni amagqabi anesifo ayatsha kwaye atshiswe, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amabala ambalwa amdaka-mdaka anokuveliswa kumabala anesifo, oko kukuthi, i-conidia yentsholongwane. Ngamanye amaxesha inokosulela iziqu kunye neediliya, yenze amabala amdaka-mdaka angabonakaliyo, kwaye kamva inokuvelisa amabala amancinci amdaka kwindawo enesifo.
Ipateni yokuvela kwesifo Isifo sephepha leembatata sibangelwa kukwanda kwesifo sefungus esingaphelelanga i-Phoma vulgaris. Esi sifo sihlala ebusika emhlabeni nge-sclerotium okanye i-hyphae kunye nezicubu ezinesifo, kwaye sinokuhlala ebusika nakwezinye iintsalela zomninimzi. Xa iimeko zonyaka olandelayo zifanelekile, amanzi emvula atshiza iintsholongwane zomhlaba kumagqabi okanye kwiziqu ukuze abangele usulelo lokuqala. Emva kokuba isifo sivele, i-sclerotia okanye i-conidia ziveliswa kwindawo enesifo. Usulelo oluphindaphindwayo ngoncedo lwamanzi emvula lubangela ukuba isifo sisasazeke. Ubushushu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu kukhuthaza ukwenzeka kunye nokuxhaphaka kwesifo. Esi sifo sibi kakhulu kwiindawo ezinomhlaba ombi, ulawulo olubanzi, ukutyala kakhulu, kunye nokukhula kwezityalo okubuthathaka.
Iindlela zokuthintela nokulawula Amanyathelo ezolimo: khetha amasimi achumileyo ngakumbi okutyala, ulawule ubungakanani bokutyala obufanelekileyo; yonyusa izichumisi zendalo, kwaye usebenzise izichumisi zephosphorus kunye nepotassium ngokufanelekileyo; yomeleza ulawulo ngexesha lokukhula, unkcenkceshele kwaye ufake isichumisi ngexesha, ukuthintela ukuguga kwezityalo ngaphambi kwexesha; ngexesha elifanelekileyo emva kokuvuna Susa izidumbu ezinesifo entsimini uze uzitshabalalise ngendlela ephakathi.
Ulawulo lweekhemikhali: ukuthintela isitshizi kunye nonyango kwinqanaba lokuqala lesifo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lesifo, ungakhetha ukusebenzisa i-70% ye-thiophanate-methyl wettable powder ephindwe ka-600, okanye i-70% ye-mancozeb WP ephindwe ka-600, okanye i-50% ye-iprodione WP 1200 Ulwelo oluphindaphindayo + i-50% ye-Dibendazim wettable powder ephindwe ka-500, okanye i-50% ye-Vincenzolide WP ephindwe ka-1500 ulwelo + i-70% ye-Mancozeb WP ephindwe ka-800, okanye i-560g/L ye-Azoxybacter·Ixesha le-800-1200 ulwelo lwe-Junqing suspending agent, i-5% ye-chlorothalonil powder 1kg-2kg/mu, okanye i-5% ye-kasugamycin·copper hydroxide powder 1kg/mu ingasetyenziselwa ukutyala kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-15-2021