Iitapile, ingqolowa, irayisi, nombona zaziwa xa zizonke njengezityalo ezine ezibalulekileyo zokutya ehlabathini, yaye zikwindawo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwezolimo lwaseTshayina. Iifatata, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziifatata, ziyimifuno eqhelekileyo ebomini bethu. Zingenziwa izibiliboco ezininzi. Ziqulethe ixabiso lezondlo ngakumbi kunezinye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Zizityebi ngakumbi kwi-starch, iiminerali kunye neprotheni. Bane "ama-apile angaphantsi komhlaba". Isihloko. Kodwa kwinkqubo yokutyala iitapile, amafama ahlala edibana nezitshabalalisi kunye nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezichaphazela kakhulu iinzuzo zokutyala abalimi. Kwixesha elifudumeleyo nelifumileyo, izehlo zebhatata zamagqabi ziphezulu. Ngoko ke, zithini iimpawu zokubola kwamagqabi eitapile? Indlela yokuthintela?
Iimpawu zobungozi Ikakhulu iwonakalise amagqabi, uninzi lwawo sisifo sokuqala kumagqabi asezantsi anencindi kumanqanaba aphakathi kunye nasemva kokukhula. Amagqabi etapile asulelekile, aqala kufutshane nomphetho wegqabi okanye incam, amabala aluhlaza-brown anecrotic ayenziwa kwinqanaba lokuqala, aze ke ngokuthe ngcembe akhule abe phantse angqukuva ukuya kutsho ku “V”-shaped grey-brown necrotic spots ezinkulu, ezineepateni zeringi ezingaqondakaliyo, kwaye imiphetho yangaphandle yamachokoza anesigulo ahlala eChlorescence kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amagqabi amnyama kunye necrotic, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amagqabi amnyama. amabala amdaka anokuveliswa kwiindawo ezigulayo, oko kukuthi, i-conidia ye-pathogen. Ngamanye amaxesha inokosulela izikhondo kunye nemithi yemidiliya, yenze amachokoza angwevu-brown necrotic, kwaye kamva inokuvelisa amachokoza amancinci amdaka kwindawo enesifo.
Ipateni yokwenzeka Isifo sebhatata sibangelwa lusulelo lomngundo olungafezekanga lwe-Phoma vulgaris. Le pathogen igqithisa ebusika emhlabeni kunye ne-sclerotium okanye i-hyphae kunye nezicubu ezigulayo, kwaye inokudlula ubusika kwezinye iintsalela zomkhosi. Xa iimeko zonyaka ozayo zifanelekile, amanzi emvula atshiza i-pathogens yomhlaba kumagqabi okanye iziqu ukuze kubangele usulelo lokuqala. Emva kokuba isifo senzeke, i-sclerotia okanye i-conidia iveliswa kwindawo enesifo. Ukosuleleka okuphindaphindiweyo ngoncedo lwamanzi emvula kubangela ukuba isifo sisasazeke. Ukufudumala kunye nokufuma okuphezulu kukhuthaza ukwenzeka kunye nokuxhaphaka kwesi sifo. Esi sifo siyingozi kakhulu kwiziza ezinomhlaba ongekho mgangathweni, ulawulo olubanzi, ukutyalwa ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokukhula okubuthathaka kwezityalo.
Iindlela zokuthintela kunye nokulawula Amanyathelo ezolimo: khetha iziza ezichumileyo zokutyala, lawula ukuxinana kokutyala okufanelekileyo; ukwandisa izichumisi eziphilayo, kwaye usebenzise ngokufanelekileyo i-phosphorus kunye nezichumisi ze-potassium; ukomeleza ulawulo ngexesha lokukhula, ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufakwa phezulu ngexesha, ukuthintela ukuguga kwezityalo ngaphambi kwexesha; kwangethuba emva kokuvuna Susa imizimba enesifo entsimini kwaye uyitshabalalise ngendlela esembindini.
Ulawulo lweMichiza: uthintelo lokutshiza kunye nonyango kwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo, ungakhetha ukusebenzisa 70% thiophanate-methyl umgubo omanzi amaxesha 600 ulwelo, okanye 70% mancozeb WP 600 amaxesha ulwelo, okanye 50% iprodione WP 1200 Ukuphindaphinda ulwelo + 50% Dibendazim umgubo emanzi 500 amaxesha 500% ulwelo 1nzoli00 ulwelo amaxesha 1nzoli00 ulwelo 70% Mancozeb WP 800 amaxesha ulwelo, okanye 560g/L Azoxybacter·Ixesha 800-1200 amaxesha ulwelo Junqing suspending agent, 5% chlorothalonil powder 1kg-2kg/mu, okanye 5% kasugamycin · copper hydroxide can kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo hydroxide kwizityalo esetyenziselwa 1kg umgubo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-15-2021