I-DEETyenye yezona zinto zimbalwa ezithintela izinambuzane eziyingozi eziye zangqineka zisebenza kakuhle kwiingcongconi, iimpukane, kunye nezinye izinambuzane ezikhathazayo. Kodwa xa sijonga amandla ale khemikhali, i-DEET ikhuselekile kangakanani ebantwini?
I-DEET, esetyenziswa ziingcali zamachiza ukuyibiza ngokuba yi-N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, ifumaneka kwiimveliso ezili-120 ezibhaliswe kwi-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Ezi mveliso ziquka izitshizi zokugxotha izinambuzane, izitshizi, iiloshini, kunye neewipes.
Ukususela oko i-DEET yaqala ukwaziswa esidlangalaleni ngo-1957, i-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yenze uphononongo olude oluphindwe kabini malunga nokhuseleko lwale khemikhali.
Kodwa uBethany Huelskoetter, we-APRN, DNP, ugqirha wezonyango losapho kwi-OSF Healthcare, uthi ezinye izigulana ziyaziphepha ezi mveliso, zikhetha ezo zithengiswayo njenge "zendalo" okanye "zezityalo."
Nangona ezi zixovuli zezinye iindlela zingathengiswa njengezingenabungozi kangako, iziphumo zazo zokuxovula ngokubanzi azihlali ixesha elide njenge-DEET.
"Ngamanye amaxesha akunakwenzeka ukuphepha izixovuli zeekhemikhali. I-DEET sisixovuli esisebenzayo kakhulu. Kuzo zonke izixovuli ezithengiswayo, i-DEET yeyona ilungileyo," utshilo uHuelskoetter kwiVerywell.
Sebenzisa isibulali-zinambuzane esisebenzayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokurhawuzelelwa nokungonwabi ngenxa yokulunywa zizinambuzane. Kodwa inokuba yindlela yokuthintela impilo: Phantse isiqingatha sesigidi sabantu sifumana isifo seLyme minyaka le emva kokulunywa ziinkumbi, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abazizigidi ezisi-7 baye banesifo ukususela oko kwaqala ukubonakala intsholongwane yeWest Nile ethwalwa ziingcongconi eMelika ngo-1999. Abantu abosulelwe yile ntsholongwane.
NgokweeNgxelo zaBathengi, i-DEET isoloko ilinganiswa njengesithako esisebenzayo kakhulu kwimithi yokugxotha izinambuzane kumanqanaba angama-25% ubuncinane. Ngokubanzi, xa i-DEET iphezulu kumxube kwimveliso, kokukhona isiphumo sokukhusela sihlala ixesha elide.
Ezinye izinto ezigxothayo ziquka i-picaridin, i-permethrin, kunye ne-PMD (ioyile ye-lemon eucalyptus).
Uphononongo luka-2023 oluvavanye amayeza okugxotha iioyile ezibalulekileyo angama-20 lufumanise ukuba iioyile ezibalulekileyo azihlali ixesha elide kuneyure enesiqingatha, kwaye ezinye zilahlekelwa kukusebenza kwazo emva komzuzu omnye. Xa kuthelekiswa, i-DEET egxotha iingcongconi inokugxotha iingcongconi ubuncinane iiyure ezi-6.
Ngokutsho kwe-Arhente yeToxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), iziphumo ezimbi ezivela kwi-DEET azixhaphakanga. Kwingxelo ka-2017, le arhente ithe iipesenti ezingama-88 zokuvezwa yi-DEET ezibikwe kumaziko olawulo lwetyhefu azizange zibangele iimpawu ezifuna unyango yinkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo. Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abazange bafumane ziphumo zimbi, kwaye uninzi lwabanye babeneempawu ezibuthathaka kuphela, ezinje ngokozela, ukurhawuzelelwa lusu, okanye ukukhwehlela okwethutyana, okwaphela ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpendulo eziqatha kwi-DEET zihlala zibangela iimpawu zemithambo-luvo ezifana nokuxhuzula, ukungalawuleki kakuhle kwemisipha, ukuziphatha okurhabaxa, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
“Xa ucinga ukuba izigidi zabantu eMelika zisebenzisa i-DEET minyaka le, zimbalwa kakhulu iingxelo zemiphumo emibi yempilo evela ekusebenziseni i-DEET,” itsho ingxelo ye-ATSDR.
Ungakuphepha ukulunywa zizinambuzane ngokunxiba imikhono emide nokucoca okanye ukuphepha naziphi na iindawo zokuzalela izinambuzane, ezinje ngamanzi amileyo, igadi yakho, nezinye iindawo oqhele ukuya kuzo.
Ukuba ukhetha ukusebenzisa imveliso equlethe i-DEET, landela imiyalelo ekwileyibhile yemveliso. Ngokutsho kweZiko loLawulo lweZifo nokuThintela, kufuneka usebenzise umlinganiselo ophantsi we-DEET ofunekayo ukuze ugcine ukhuseleko — kungabi ngaphezu kwama-50 ekhulwini.
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphefumla izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane, i-CDC icebisa ukusebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane kwiindawo ezinomoya ococekileyo kunakwiindawo ezivalekileyo. Ukuze uyisebenzise ebusweni bakho, fafaza loo mveliso ezandleni zakho uze uyihlikihle ebusweni bakho.
Wongeza athi: “Ufuna ulusu lwakho lukwazi ukuphefumla emva kokufaka, kwaye xa uphefumla kakuhle akuyi kuba nokurhawuzelelwa lusu.”
I-DEET ikhuselekile ebantwaneni, kodwa iZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela licebisa ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-10 bangazifaki izibulali-zinambuzane. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala akufuneki basebenzise iimveliso ezine-DEET.
Kubalulekile ukufowunela iziko lokulawula ityhefu ngoko nangoko ukuba uphefumla okanye uginya imveliso ene-DEET, okanye ukuba imveliso ingena emehlweni akho.
Ukuba ufuna indlela ethembekileyo yokulawula izinambuzane, ingakumbi kwiindawo apho iingcongconi kunye neenkowane zixhaphake khona, i-DEET lukhetho olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo (lo gama nje lusetyenziswa ngokweleyibhile). Ezinye iindlela zendalo zisenokungaboneleli ngomgangatho ofanayo wokhuseleko, ngoko ke cinga ngokusingqongileyo kunye nomngcipheko wezifo ezithwalwa zizinambuzane xa ukhetha into yokugxotha izinambuzane.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-03-2024