NAIROBI, Novemba 9 (Xinhua) — Umlimi oqhelekileyo waseKenya, kuquka abo basezilalini, usebenzisa iilitha ezininzi zezibulali-zinambuzane minyaka le.
Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuye kwanda kule minyaka idlulileyo emva kokuvela kwezinambuzane ezintsha kunye nezifo njengoko ilizwe laseMpuma Afrika lijongene nemiphumo emibi yotshintsho lwemozulu.
Nangona ukusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo kwezibulali-zinambuzane kuncede ekwakheni ishishini elixabisa iibhiliyoni zeerandi kweli lizwe, iingcali zixhalabile kukuba uninzi lwabalimi lusebenzisa kakubi ezi khemikhali ngaloo ndlela zibeka abathengi kunye nokusingqongileyo emngciphekweni.
Ngokungafaniyo neminyaka edlulileyo, umlimi waseKenya ngoku usebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula kwezityalo.
Ngaphambi kokutyala, uninzi lwabalimi lusasaza iifama zabo ngamayeza okubulala ukhula. La mayeza okubulala izinambuzane asetyenziswa kwakhona xa izithole zityaliwe ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokutyala izityalo nokugcina izinambuzane zikude.
Isivuno siza kutshizwa kamva ukuze kwandiswe amagqabi kwabanye, ngexesha lokudubula, xa kuqhama iziqhamo, ngaphambi kokuvuna nasemva kokuvuna, imveliso ngokwayo.
“Ngaphandle kwezibulali-zinambuzane, awunakufumana sivuno kule mihla ngenxa yezinambuzane nezifo ezininzi,” utshilo u-Amos Karimi, umlimi weetamatisi eKitengela, emazantsi eNairobi, kudliwanondlebe lwakutshanje.
UKarimi uphawule ukuba ukusukela oko waqala ukulima kwiminyaka emine eyadlulayo, lo nyaka ube ngowona umbi kakhulu kuba usebenzise izibulali-zinambuzane ezininzi.
“Ndilwe nezinambuzane ezininzi nezifo kunye nemingeni yemozulu equka ukubanda ixesha elide. Ukubanda kwandenza ndaxhomekeke kwiikhemikhali ukuze ndoyise i-blight,” utshilo.
Ingxaki yakhe ifana neyeenkulungwane zabanye abalimi abancinci kulo lonke ilizwe laseMpuma Afrika.
Iingcali zezolimo ziphakamise uphawu olubalulekileyo, ziphawula ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezibulali-zinambuzane akusongelo nje kuphela kwimpilo yabathengi kunye nokusingqongileyo kodwa nako akukwazi kuqhubeka.
“Uninzi lwabalimi baseKenya basebenzisa gwenxa izibulali-zinambuzane ezibeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lokutya,” utshilo uDaniel Maingi weKenya Food Rights Alliance.
UMaingi uqaphele ukuba abalimi belizwe laseMpuma Afrika basebenzise izibulali-zinambuzane njengeyeza lokunyanga uninzi lweengxaki zabo zasefama.
“Kutshizwa iikhemikhali ezininzi kwimifuno, iitumato kunye neziqhamo. Umthengi uhlawula ixabiso eliphezulu kakhulu,” utshilo.
Kwaye okusingqongileyo kuyabuva ubushushu njengoko uninzi lomhlaba kweli lizwe laseMpuma Afrika luba ne-asidi. Izibulali-zinambuzane zingcolisa imilambo kwaye zibulala izinambuzane eziluncedo njengeenyosi.
USilke Bollmohr, umvavanyi womngcipheko we-ecotoxicological, uqaphele ukuba nangona ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ngokwazo kungekubi, uninzi lwazo ezisetyenziswa eKenya zinezithako ezisebenzayo eziyingozi ezenza ingxaki ibe mandundu.
“Izibulali-zinambuzane zithengiswa njengesithako sempumelelo kwezolimo ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iziphumo zazo,” utshilo.
I-Route to Food Initiative, umbutho wezolimo oluzinzileyo, uqaphela ukuba uninzi lwezibulali-zinambuzane lunobuthi obukhulu, lunemiphumo emibi yexesha elide, luphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-endocrine, lunobuthi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana zasendle okanye luyaziwa ngokuba lubangela ukwanda kwemiphumo emibi enzima okanye engenakuphikiswa.
“Kuyaxhalabisa ukuba kukho iimveliso kwimarike yaseKenya, ngokuqinisekileyo ezibekwe kuluhlu lwezibangela umhlaza (iimveliso ezingama-24), ezibangela utshintsho emzimbeni (24), ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokuzala (35), ezibangela ubuthi kwimithambo-luvo (140) kwaye ezininzi zibonisa imiphumo ecacileyo ekuzaleni (262),” iphawula le nkampani.
Iingcali ziqaphele ukuba njengoko betshiza la machiza, uninzi lwabalimi baseKenya abazithathi amanyathelo okhuseleko aquka ukunxiba iiglavu, iimaski kunye nezihlangu.
“Ezinye zitshiza ngexesha elingafanelekanga umzekelo emini okanye xa kukho umoya,” utshilo uMaingi.
Embindini wokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezibulali-zinambuzane eKenya kukho amawaka eevenkile zemithi ezisasazekileyo, kuquka nakwiilali ezikude.
Iivenkile ziye zaba ziindawo apho abalimi bafumana khona zonke iintlobo zeekhemikhali zasefama kunye nembewu exutyiweyo. Abalimi badla ngokuchazela abaqhubi beevenkile ngezinambuzane okanye iimpawu zesifo esihlasele izityalo zabo baze babathengisele le khemikhali.
“Umntu anganditsalela umnxeba esefama aze andixelele iimpawu kwaye ndiza kumnika iyeza. Ukuba ndinayo, ndiyayithengisa, ukuba andinayo ndiyayi-odola eBungoma. Ixesha elininzi iyasebenza,” utshilo uCaroline Oduori, umnini wevenkile yezilwanyana zezolimo eBudalangi, eBusia, entshona yeKenya.
Ngokujonga inani leevenkile ezikwiidolophu nakwiilali, ishishini liyachuma njengoko amaKenya evuselela umdla wawo kwezolimo. Iingcali zicele ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezidibeneyo zokulawula izinambuzane ukuze kufunyanwe ukutyala okuzinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-07-2021