Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba i-fungus enxulumene neengcambu iKosakonia oryziphila NP19, ekhutshwe kwiingcambu zerayisi, sisixhobo esithembisayo sokukhusela isityalo ekukhuleni kwezityalo ezibulala iintsholongwane kunye ne-biochemical agent yokulawula i-rice blast. Uvavanyo lwe-in vitro lwenziwe kumagqabi amatsha e-Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) izithole zerayisi ezinuka kamnandi. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-NP19 ithintele ngempumelelo ukuhluma kwe-rice blast fungal conidia. Usulelo lwe-fungus luthintelwe phantsi kweemeko ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zonyango: i-rice inoculation nge-NP19 kunye ne-fungal conidia; i-rice inoculation ngaxeshanye ne-NP19 kunye ne-fungal conidia; kunye ne-rice inoculation nge-fungal conidia elandelwe lunyango lwe-NP19 emva kweeyure ezingama-30. Ngaphezu koko, i-NP19 yehlise ukukhula kwe-fungus hyphal nge-9.9–53.4%. Kwizilingo zeembiza, i-NP19 yonyuse imisebenzi ye-peroxidase (POD) kunye ne-superoxide dismutase (SOD) nge-6.1% ukuya kwi-63.0% kunye ne-3.0% ukuya kwi-67.7%, ngokulandelanayo, nto leyo ebonisa iindlela zokukhusela izityalo eziphuculweyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo lwe-NP19 olungosulelanga, izityalo zerayisi ezine-NP19 zibonise ukwanda komxholo we-pigment nge-0.3%–24.7%, inani leenkozo ezipheleleyo nge-panicle nge-4.1%, isivuno seenkozo ezipheleleyo nge-26.3%, isalathisi sobunzima besivuno nge-34.4%, kunye nomxholo we-aromatic compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) nge-10.1%. Kwizityalo zerayisi ezine-NP19 kunye ne-blast, ukunyuka bekuyi-0.2%–49.2%, 4.6%, 9.1%, 54.4%, kunye ne-7.5%, ngokulandelanayo. Uvavanyo lwasentsimini lubonise ukuba izityalo zerayisi ezifakwe kwi-NP19 okanye ezifakwe i-NP19 zibonise ukwanda kwenani leenkozo ezipheleleyo kwi-panicle nganye nge-15.1–27.2%, isivuno seenkozo ezipheleleyo nge-103.6–119.8%, kunye nomxholo we-2AP nge-18.0–35.8%. Ezi zityalo zerayisi zikwabonise umsebenzi ophezulu we-SOD (6.9–29.5%) xa kuthelekiswa nezityalo zerayisi ezine-blast ezingafakwanga i-NP19. Ukusetyenziswa kwamagqabi emva kokosuleleka kwe-NP19 kunciphise ukuqhubela phambili kwesilonda. Ke ngoko, i-K. oryphila NP19 ibonakaliswe njengesityalo esinokukhula esikhuthaza i-bioagent kunye ne-biopesticide yokulawula ukuqhuma kwerayisi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithi yokubulala iintsholongwane kuphenjelelwa zizinto ezininzi, kuquka indlela esetyenziswa ngayo, ixesha kunye nendlela esetyenziswa ngayo, ubukhali besifo, ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokuqikelela izifo, kunye nokuvela kweentlobo ezimelana nemithi yokubulala iintsholongwane. Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kwemithi yokubulala iintsholongwane yamakhemikhali kunokubangela ubuthi obushiyekileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo kwaye kube yingozi kwimpilo yabasebenzisi.
Kuvavanyo lwembiza, imbewu yerayisi yacocwa phezu komhlaba yaza yahluma njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla. Emva koko yatyalwa nge-K. oryphila NP19 yaza yatyalwa kwiitreyi zezithombo. Izithole zafukama iintsuku ezingama-30 ukuze kuvele izithole zerayisi. Izithole zatyalwa kwiimbiza. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufakelwa, izityalo zerayisi zatyalwa ukuze zilungele ukosulelwa yifungus ebangela ukuqhuma kwerayisi kunye nokuvavanya ukumelana kwazo.
Kwilingo lasentsimini, imbewu ehlumileyo eyosulelwe yi-Aspergillus oryzae NP19 yanyangwa kusetyenziswa indlela echazwe apha ngasentla yaza yahlulwahlulwa yangamaqela amabini: imbewu eyosulelwe yi-Aspergillus oryzae NP19 (RS) kunye nembewu engasulelwanga (US). Imbewu ehlumileyo yatyalwa kwiitreyi ezinomhlaba ocociweyo (umxube womhlaba, iqokobhe lerayisi elitshisiweyo, kunye nomgquba kumlinganiselo we-7:2:1 ngokobunzima) yaza yagcinwa iintsuku ezingama-30.
I-oryziphila conidial suspension yongezwe kwirayisi ye-R kwaye emva kweeyure ezingama-30 zokufunxa, kongezwa i-2 μl ye-K. oryziphila NP19 kwindawo enye. Zonke izitya zePetri zafunxa kwi-25°C ebumnyameni iiyure ezingama-30 zaza zafunxa phantsi kokukhanya okuqhubekayo. Iqela ngalinye laphindaphindwa kathathu. Emva kweeyure ezingama-72 zokufunxa, amacandelo ezityalo ahlolwe kwaye ajongwa nge-scanning electron microscopy. Ngamafutshane, amacandelo ezityalo aqiniswa kwi-phosphate-buffered saline equlethe i-2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde kwaye ancitshiswa kuluhlu lwezisombululo ze-ethanol. Iisampulu zomiswa nge-critical-point nge-carbon dioxide, emva koko zagqunywa ngegolide zaza zajongwa phantsi kwe-scanning electron microscope imizuzu eli-15.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Oktobha-13-2025