Iingcongconi kunye nezifo ezithwalwa ziingcongconi yingxaki ekhulayo yehlabathi. Izicatshulwa zezityalo kunye / okanye i-oyile zinokusetyenziswa njengenye indlela yokubulala izitshabalalisi zokwenziwa. Kolu phononongo, ii-oyile ezingama-32 (kwi-1000 ppm) zivavanyelwe umsebenzi wazo wokubulala umbungu ngokuchasene nemibungu yesine ye-Culex pipiens kunye ne-oyile egqwesileyo yavavanywa ngomsebenzi wabo wokudala kwaye yahlalutywa ngegesi yechromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) kunye ne-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Iingcongconi ziisitshabalalisi samandulo,kunye nezifo ezisasazwa ziingcongconi ziyingozi enkulu kwimpilo yehlabathi, zisongela ngaphezu kwama-40% abemi behlabathi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngowama-2050, phantse isiqingatha sabemi behlabathi siya kuba sesichengeni sokufumana iintsholongwane ezisasazwa ziingcongconi. 1 Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) yingcongconi esasazeke ngokubanzi esasaza izifo eziyingozi ezibangela ukugula kakhulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukufa ebantwini nakwizilwanyana.
Ulawulo lweVector yeyona ndlela iphambili yokunciphisa inkxalabo yoluntu malunga nezifo ezithwalwa ziingcongconi. Ukulawula iingcongconi zabantu abadala kunye nezibungu ezinezigxothi kunye namayeza okubulala izinambuzane yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokunciphisa ukulunywa yingcongconi. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane zokwenziwa kunokukhokelela ekuxhathiseni amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi, ukungcoliseka kwendalo, kunye nobungozi bempilo ebantwini nakwizinto ezingajoliswanga.
Kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokufumana iindlela ezizezinye ze-eco-friendly kwizithako ezisekelwe kwizityalo ezifana nee-oyile ezibalulekileyo (EOs). I-oyile ezibalulekileyo zizinto eziguquguqukayo ezifumaneka kwiintsapho ezininzi zezityalo ezifana ne-Asteraceae, i-Rutaceae, i-Myrtaceae, i-Lauraceae, i-Lamiaceae, i-Apiaceae, i-Piperaceae, i-Poaceae, i-Zingiberaceae, kunye ne-Cupressaceae14. I-oyile ezibalulekileyo ziqulethe umxube onzima weekhompawundi ezifana ne-phenols, i-sesquiterpenes, kunye ne-monoterpenes15.
Ioli eyimfuneko ine-antibacterial, antiviral kunye ne-antifungal properties. Zikwanazo neepropathi ze-insecticidal kwaye zinokubangela iziphumo ze-neurotoxic ngokuphazamisa imisebenzi ye-physiological, metabolic, yokuziphatha kunye ne-biochemical yezinambuzane xa ioli efunekayo ifakwe, ifakwe okanye ifakwe ngesikhumba16. Ii-oyile ezibalulekileyo zingasetyenziswa njengezibulali-zinambuzane, izibulala-zinambuzane, izigxothi kunye nezigxothi. Azinatyhefu encinci, ziyabola kwaye zinokoyisa ukuxhathisa amayeza okubulala izinambuzane.
Iioyile eziyimfuneko ziya zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabavelisi bezinto eziphilayo kunye nabathengi abaqaphela indalo kwaye zifanelekile kwiindawo zasezidolophini, amakhaya kunye nezinye iindawo ezinobuzaza bokusingqongileyo.
Indima yeoli efunekayo ekulawuleni iingcongconi kuxoxwe ngayo15,19. Injongo yolu phononongo yayikukujonga kunye nokuvavanya amaxabiso abulalayo e-larvicidal e-oyile eyi-32 ebalulekileyo kunye nokuhlalutya umsebenzi we-adenocidal kunye ne-phytochemicals yeyona oyile isebenzayo ngokuchasene neCulex pipiens.
Kolu phononongo, uA. i-graveolens kunye ne-V. odorata oyile zifunyenwe zisebenza kakhulu kubantu abadala, zilandelwa ngu-T. vulgaris kunye ne-N. sativa. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba i-Anopheles vulgare sisibulali-mbungu esinamandla. Ngokufanayo, iioli zayo zinokulawula i-Anopheles atroparvus, iCulex quinquefasciatus kunye ne-Aedes aegypti. Nangona u-Anopheles vulgaris ebonise ukusebenza kolu phando, ibiyeyona isebenzayo ngokuphantsi kubantu abadala. Ngokwahlukileyo, ineempawu ze-adenocidal ngokuchasene ne-Cx. iquinquefasciatus.
Idatha yethu ibonisa ukuba i-Anopheles sinensis iyasebenza kakhulu njengombulali wombungu kodwa ayisebenzi kangako njengombulali wabantu abadala. Ngokwahlukileyo, izicatshulwa zeekhemikhali ze-Anopheles sinensis zazigxotha kuzo zombini imibungu kunye nabantu abadala be-Culex pipiens, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu (100%) ngokuchasene nokulunywa kweengcongconi ezibhinqileyo ezifumaneka kumthamo we-6 mg / cm2. Ukongeza, isicatshulwa salo samagqabi sikwabonise umsebenzi wokutshabalalisa imibungu ngokuchasene ne-Anopheles arabiensis kunye ne-Anopheles gambiae (ss).
Kule sifundo, i-thyme (An. graveolens) ibonise umsebenzi onamandla we-larvicidal kunye nomdala. Ngokufanayo, i-thyme ibonise umsebenzi we-larvicidal ngokuchasene neCx. quinquefasciatus28 kunye ne-Aedes aegypti29. I-Thyme ibonise umsebenzi we-larvicidal kwi-larvae ye-Culex pipiens kwi-concentration ye-200 ppm kunye ne-100% yokufa ngelixa ixabiso le-LC25 kunye ne-LC50 libonisa ukuba akukho mpembelelo kumsebenzi we-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-detoxification, ukwandisa umsebenzi we-GST kunye nokunciphisa umxholo we-GSH nge-30%.
Ezinye zeoyile ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziswe kolu phononongo zibonise umsebenzi ofanayo we-larvicidal ngokuchasene nemibungu yeCulex pipiens njenge-N. sativa32,33 kunye ne-S. officinalis34. Ezinye ii-oyile ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-T. vulgaris, S. officinalis, C. sempervirens kunye ne-A. graveolens zibonise umsebenzi we-larvicidal ngokuchasene nemibungu yeengcongconi enexabiso le-LC90 ngaphantsi kwe-200-300 ppm. Esi siphumo sinokuba ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi ezibandakanya ukuba ipesenti yamacandelo ayo aphambili ahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi yeoli yemifuno, umgangatho weoli, uvakalelo lobunzima obusetyenzisiweyo, iimeko zokugcina ioli kunye neemeko zobugcisa.
Kulo pho nonongo, i-turmeric yayingasebenzi kakuhle, kodwa iinqununu zayo ze-27 ezifana ne-curcumin kunye ne-monocarbonyl derivatives ye-curcumin ibonise umsebenzi we-larvicidal ngokumelene ne-Culex pipiens kunye ne-Aedes albopictus43, kunye ne-hexane extract ye-turmeric kwi-concentration ye-1000 ppm ye-24 iiyure ze-404 kunye nomsebenzi we-Culex we-Culex kunye ne-Aedes albopictus43. albopictus.
Iziphumo ezifanayo ze-larvicidal zichazwe kwi-hexane extracts ye-rosemary (i-80 kunye ne-160 ppm), eyanciphisa ukufa kwe-100% kwinqanaba le-3 kunye ne-4th yenqanaba le-Culex pipiens imibungu kunye nokwandisa ubuthi nge-50% kwi-pupae nakubantu abadala.
Uhlalutyo lwe-Phytochemical kolu cwaningo lubonakalise iikhompawundi eziphambili ezisebenzayo zamafutha ahlalutyiweyo. Ioli yeti eluhlaza i-larvicide esebenzayo kakhulu kwaye iqulethe inani elikhulu le-polyphenols kunye nomsebenzi we-antioxidant, njengoko kufunyenwe kolu phononongo. Iziphumo ezifanayo zafunyanwa59. Idatha yethu ibonisa ukuba ioli yeti eluhlaza iqulethe i-polyphenols efana ne-gallic acid, i-catechin, i-methyl gallate, i-caffeic acid, i-coumaric acid, i-naringenin, kunye ne-kaempferol, enokuthi ibe negalelo kwi-insecticidal effect.
Uhlalutyo lwe-biochemical lubonise ukuba i-Rhodiola rosea ioli efunekayo ichaphazela ukugcinwa kwamandla, ngakumbi iiprotheni kunye ne-lipids30. Ukungahambelani phakathi kweziphumo zethu kunye nezo zezinye izifundo zinokuthi zibangelwa umsebenzi webhayoloji kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali zeoyile ezibalulekileyo, ezinokuthi zihluke ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yesityalo, isakhiwo se-tissue, imvelaphi yelizwe, iinxalenye ezisetyenziselwa inkqubo ye-distillation, uhlobo lwe-distillation, kunye ne-cultivar. Ngaloo ndlela, uhlobo kunye nomxholo wezithako ezisebenzayo kwioli nganye ebalulekileyo inokubangela ukungafani kwi-anti-harm potential16.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-13-2025