Izifo eziphambili zekotoni kunye nezinambuzane kunye nokuthintela nokulawula kwazo (2)

I-Cotton Aphid

Iimpawu zokulimala:

Ii-cotton aphids zigqobhoza umva wamagqabi omqhaphu okanye iintloko ezithambileyo ngomlomo otyhalwayo ukuze zifunxe ijusi. Zichaphazeleka ngexesha lesigaba sokukhula kwesityalo, amagqabi omqhaphu ajikajika kwaye ixesha lokuqhakaza kunye nokubekwa kweembotyi liyalibaziseka, nto leyo ebangela ukuvuthwa kade kunye nokuncipha kwesivuno; Zichaphazeleka ngexesha lesigaba sokukhula, amagqabi aphezulu ayajikajika, amagqabi aphakathi abonakala enamafutha, kwaye amagqabi asezantsi ayabuna aze awe; Amahlumela kunye neembotyi ezonakeleyo zinokuwa ngokulula, zichaphazele uphuhliso lwezityalo zomqhaphu; Ezinye zibangela amagqabi awileyo kwaye zinciphise imveliso.

Ukuthintela nokulawula iikhemikhali:

I-10% ye-imidacloprid 20-30g nge-mu, okanye i-30% ye-imidacloprid 10-15g, okanye i-70% ye-imidacloprid 4-6 g nge-mu, itshizwa ngokulinganayo, isiphumo solawulo sifikelela kwi-90%, kwaye ubude bungaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-15.

I-Spider Mite enamabala amabini

Iimpawu zokulimala:

Iincukuthu ezineebala ezimbini, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-fire dragons okanye ii-fire spider, zixhaphakile kwiminyaka yembalela kwaye zitya kakhulu ijusi engasemva kwamagqabi ekotoni; Inokwenzeka ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuhluma ukuya kwinqanaba lokuvuthwa, kunye namaqela eentshukuthu kunye neencukuthu ezindala eziqokelelana ngasemva kwamagqabi ukuze zifunxe ijusi. Amagqabi ekotoni awonakeleyo aqala ukubonisa amabala atyheli namhlophe, kwaye xa umonakalo usiba mandundu, kuvela amabala abomvu kumagqabi de lonke igqabi libe mdaka kwaye libune kwaye liwe.

Ukuthintela nokulawula iikhemikhali:

Ngamaxesha onyaka ashushu nanomileyo, i-15% ye-pyridaben izihlandlo ezili-1000 ukuya kwezili-1500, i-20% ye-pyridaben izihlandlo ezili-1500 ukuya kwezili-2000, i-10.2% ye-avid pyridaben izihlandlo ezili-1500 ukuya kwezili-2000, kunye ne-1.8% ye-avid izihlandlo ezingama-2000 ukuya kwezili-3000 kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze zitshizwe ngokulinganayo, kwaye kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo kwi-spray efanayo kumphezulu wegqabi nangasemva ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nempembelelo yokulawula.

I-Bollworm

Iimpawu zokulimala:

Yeyohlobo lweLepidoptera kunye nosapho lweNoctidae. Yeyona nkathazo iphambili ngexesha lesigaba se-cotton bud kunye ne-boll. I-larvae yonakalisa iincam ezithambileyo, amahlumela, iintyatyambo, kunye namahlumela aluhlaza okomqhaphu, kwaye inokuluma phezulu kweziqu ezimfutshane ezithambileyo, zenze umqhaphu ongenantloko. Emva kokuba ihlumela elincinci lonakele, iibracts zijika zibe tyheli zivuleke, kwaye ziwe emva kweentsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Ii-larvae zikhetha ukutya i-pollen kunye ne-stigma. Emva kokuba zonakele, amahlumela aluhlaza angenza amabala abolileyo okanye aqinileyo, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu isivuno kunye nomgangatho we-cotton.

Ukuthintela nokulawula iikhemikhali:

Umqhaphu omelana nezinambuzane unefuthe elihle lokulawula umqhaphu we-cotton bollworm wesizukulwana sesibini, kwaye ngokubanzi awudingi lawulo. Isiphumo sokulawula umqhaphu we-cotton bollworm wesizukulwana sesithathu nesesine siyabuthathaka, kwaye ulawulo olukhawulezileyo luyimfuneko. Amayeza anokuba yi-35% ye-propafenone • i-phoxim amaxesha ali-1000-1500, ama-52.25% e-chlorpyrifos • i-chlorpyrifos amaxesha ali-1000-1500, kunye nama-20% e-chlorpyrifos • i-chlorpyrifos amaxesha ali-1000-1500.

I-Spodoptera litura

Iimpawu zokulimala:

Iimbungu ezisandula ukuqanduselwa ziyahlangana zize zitye i-mesophyll, zishiya i-epidermis okanye imithambo ephezulu, zenze uthungelwano olufana neentyantyambo namagqabi. Emva koko ziyasasazeka kwaye zonakalise amagqabi kunye namahlumela kunye namaqhuma, ziwadle kakhulu amagqabi kwaye zonakalise amahlumela kunye namaqhuma, zibangele ukuba abole okanye awe. Xa zenzakalisa amaqhuma ekotoni, kukho imingxunya eli-1-3 ezantsi kweqhuma, enemingxuma engalinganiyo nenkulu, kunye nendle enkulu yezinambuzane eqokelelene ngaphandle kwemingxunya. 

Ukuthintela nokulawula iikhemikhali:

Amayeza kufuneka anikwe ngexesha lokuqala kwe-larvae aze acinywe ngaphambi kokuba atye kakhulu. Ekubeni i-larvae ingaphumi emini, kufuneka itshizwe ngokuhlwa. Amayeza kufuneka abe yi-35% ye-probromine • i-phoxim izihlandlo ezili-1000-1500, ezingama-52.25% ze-chlorpyrifos • i-cyanogen chloride izihlandlo ezili-1000-1500, ezingama-20% ze-chlorbell • i-chlorpyrifos izihlandlo ezili-1000-1500, kwaye atshizwe ngokulinganayo.