Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho nokhuseleko lweemveliso zezolimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko lobomi babantu, uMphathiswa wezoLimo ugqibe ngokwemigaqo efanelekileyo "yoMthetho woKhuseleko lokutya weRiphabliki yabantu baseTshayina" kunye "neMigqaliselo yoLawulo lweZibulali-zinambuzane", ehlolwe yiKomiti yoHlolo loBhaliso lweZibulali-zinambuzane yeSizwe, kwaye isekelwe kwizimvo zoluntu. La manyathelo alandelayo olawulo athathwa kwizinambuzane ezi-8 eziquka i-2,4-D-butyl ester, i-paraquat, i-dicofol, i-fenflurane, i-carbofuran, i-phorate, i-isofenphos methyl, kunye ne-aluminium phosphide. Phakathi kwazo, ulawulo lwe-aluminium phosphide lulandelayo.
Ukususela nge-1 ka-Okthobha 2018, akuvumelekanga ukuthengisa nokusebenzisa iimveliso ze-aluminium phosphide kwezinye iipakethe. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-phosphorus chloride kuyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni, kuba i-aluminium phosphide inetyhefu ngenxa yokuveliswa kwe-phosphine emanzini okanye kwi-asidi. Ukuphefumla igesi ye-phosphine kunokubangela isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, ukuqina kwesifuba kunye nentlungu yesisu esiphezulu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kukho iimpawu zengqondo ezinobuthi, ukudumba kobuchopho, ukudumba kwamaphaphu, umonakalo wesibindi, izintso kunye ne-myocardial, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-rhythm yentliziyo. Ukuthathwa ngomlomo kuvelisa ityhefu ye-phosphine, iimpawu zesisu, umkhuhlane, ukugodola, isiyezi, uvuyo, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-rhythm yentliziyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kukho ukuphefumla okufutshane, i-oliguria, ukuxhuzula, ukothuka, kunye ne-coma.
Ngomhla wesi-2 kweyoKwindla, ngo-2015, i-WHO ikhuphe uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lwezibulali-zinambuzane kunye neendlela ezicetyiswayo zokutshiza ngaphakathi ukuze kuthintelwe kwaye kulawulwe iintsholongwane zemalariya, kubandakanya i-pyrimiphos-methyl. Kwi-pyrimidinhos methyl, i-Actellic (iBaoan Valley) isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo eziquka ezolimo, indawo yokugcina izinto, impilo yoluntu, kunye namahlathi ukusukela ngo-1970. IKhomishini ye-FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius iphakamise ukuba iintsalela ze-pyrimidinhos-methyl aziyi kubangela iingozi ezinobungozi ixesha elide ebantwini; i-International Maritime Organisation icebisa ukuba i-pyrimidinhos-methyl ingasetyenziswa kwiinqanawa; i-British Brewing Association ivumile i-pyrimiphos-methyl Esetyenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane ekugcineni irhasi esetyenziselwa ukwenza ibhiya; umbutho wokutya kwezilwanyana uqinisekisile ukuba nokuba ziinkozo eziphathwe nge-pyrimidinhos ngaphambi okanye emva kokuvunwa, zinokondliwa ngqo kwizilwanyana; idosi ecetyiswayo ye-pyrimidinhos isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimveliso zezolimo Isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye yamkelwe kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwamazwe amaninzi. IBaoan Valley isetyenziselwe ngempumelelo ukugcina nokukhusela iimveliso zezolimo kumazwe angaphezu kwama-70 kwihlabathi liphela. Iinkozo ezigciniweyo, i-tofu eyomisiweyo, iimveliso zobisi, iintlanzi ezomisiweyo, iziqhamo ezomisiweyo, njl.njl. zifuna ulawulo lwexesha elifutshane okanye elide lwezinambuzane kunye neencukuthu. IBaoangu ithathwa njengesibulali-zinambuzane esibalaseleyo kwihlabathi liphela nesibalaseleyo sokugcina izinambuzane.
Imiyalelo:
(1) Ukucubungula ukucoca indawo yokugcina izinto ezingenazinkozo. Ukuxuba oku-1:50 kunye nokutshiza okumileyo ngokulinganayo, fafaza i-50 mL yesisombululo esixutyiweyo ngemitha yesikwere.
(2) Ukucubungula iinkozo kunye nezinto zonyango - ukuxuba yonke indawo yokugcina impahla. Linganisa kuqala, udibanise ngelixa utshiza, uze ekugqibeleni ubeke kwindawo yokugcina. I-Baoan Valley ixutywe nge-1:100 kwaye itshizwe ngetoni e-1 yengqolowa.
(3) Ukucubungula iinkozo kunye nezinto zonyango- ukuxuba umphezulu. Umaleko womphezulu ungama-30-100 cm, uxutywe, utshizwe, kwaye uxutywe.
(4) Ukuphathwa kweenkozo kunye nezinto zonyango-ukulungiswa kweengxowa zokupakisha. Xuba i-1:50, kwaye uphathe ingxowa e-1 kwi-50 mL nganye (iingxowa zibalwa njenge-0.5m×1m).
Ngokwale mbono, ukutshintsha i-pyrimidinhos methyl endaweni ye-Aluminium phosphide yinto ekhuselekileyo nethembekileyo, kwaye isiphumo sokusebenzisa i-pyrimidinhos methyl silungile kakhulu, nto leyo enconywe ngazwi linye.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-08-2021