Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nokukhawuleza kokufudukela ezidolophini kunye nesantya sokudluliselwa komhlaba, abasebenzi basemaphandleni baye bagxininiswa kwizixeko, kwaye ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi kuye kwabonakala ngakumbi nangakumbi, okubangele iindleko eziphezulu zemisebenzi;kunye nenani labasetyhini abasebenzayo liye landa unyaka nonyaka, kwaye umsebenzi onzima wemveli Amayeza ajongene nemingeni.Ngokukodwa ngokuphunyezwa ngokuqhubekayo kokunciphisa izitshabalalisi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kunokuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi, ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi, kunye nokungenisa ithuba elihle lophuhliso lwemixube yokulondoloza abasebenzi kunye neendlela ezilula zokusebenzisa.Ukugcinwa kwemisebenzi kunye nokugcinwa kwamalungiselelo okusebenzayo okufana namathontsi okufafaza, iigranuli ezidadayo, ioyile yokusasaza ifilim, iigranules ezi-U, kunye neemicrocapsules ziye zaba zezona ndawo ziphambili kuphando lwamashishini oshishino kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ezisa ithuba elihle lophuhliso.Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabo kuye kwahlala ngokulandelelana kwimakethi enkulu kumasimi e-paddy, kubandakanywa nezityalo zemali, kwaye amathemba abanzi kakhulu.
Uphuhliso lwamalungiselelo okusindisa abasebenzi lubangcono
Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ubuchwephesha belizwe lam bokwenziwa kwezibulali-zinambuzane bufikelele kuphuhliso olukhawulezayo, kwaye nentsingiselo yophuhliso ngokubhekiselele kubuhlobo bendalo iye yacaca ngakumbi;ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukugxila kukhuseleko oluluhlaza, kunye nokunciphisa idosi kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kuphela kwendlela yophuhliso.
Amalungiselelo okugcina abasebenzi luyilo oluyilayo olulandela le ntsingiselo.Ngokuthe ngqo, uphando olusindisa umsebenzi ekuqulunqweni kwezibulali zinambuzane luthetha ukuba abaqhubi banokonga iiyure zabantu kunye nomsebenzi kwimisebenzi yokufakwa kwezibulali zinambuzane ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nemilinganiselo, oko kukuthi, ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa ezona ndlela zonga umsebenzi kunye nezonga umsebenzi ngokukhawuleza. kwaye usebenzise ngokuchanekileyo izithako ezisebenzayo zesibulali-zinambuzane.Faka isicelo kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo yezityalo.
Kumazwe ngamazwe, iJapan lelona lizwe liphuhlayo likhawulezayo kubuchwephesha bokusindisa izibulali zinambuzane, lilandelwa nguMzantsi Korea.Uphuhliso lweendlela zokulondoloza abasebenzi luye lwadlula kwiinkqubo ezintathu zophando kunye nophuhliso ukusuka kwiigranules ukuya kwiigranules ezinkulu, ukwakhiwa kwe-effervescent, ukwakheka okuhambayo, kunye nokwakhiwa kweoli yefilimu, iigranules ezidadayo, kunye ne-U granules.
Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, imixube yokonga izibulali-zinambuzane nayo iphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kwilizwe lam, kwaye uphuhliso kunye nobugcisa bemixube enxulumeneyo nayo iye yakhuthazwa kwaye yasetyenziswa kwizityalo ezimelwe ngamasimi epaddy.Okwangoku, iindlela zokusindisa izibulali zinambuzane zibandakanya i-oyile esasaza ifilimu, iigranules ezidadayo, iigranules ze-U, ii-microcapsules, ii-agents ezisasaza umphezulu wamanzi, ii-effervescent agents (tablets), iigranules ezinkulu, iigranule zokuxinana okuphezulu, ii-agent zokutshaya, i-bait agents, njl. ububele.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inani lamalungiselelo okusindisa abasebenzi abhalisiweyo kwilizwe lam liye landa unyaka nonyaka.Ukususela ngo-Oktobha 26, i-2021, i-China Pesticide Information Network ibonisa ukuba kukho i-24 yeemveliso ezibhalisiweyo ze-granules ezinkulu kwilizwe lam, iimveliso ze-10 ze-oyile esasaza ifilimu, imveliso ye-1 ebhalisiweyo ye-agent ye-surface diffusing, i-agent ye-146 yokutshaya, i-262 i-bait agents, kunye neepilisi ezisebenzayo.Iidosi ze-17 kunye ne-303 yamalungiselelo e-microcapsule.
Mingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Chemical, njl.inkokeli.
Awona malungiselelo asetyenziswa kakhulu okusindisa abasebenzi kwiindawo zepaddy
Ukuthetha ukuba amalungiselelo okugcina abasebenzi asetyenziswa kakhulu, kwaye inkqubo yobugcisa ikhulile, iseyintsimi ye-paddy.
Amasimi e-paddy zizityalo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kumalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi ekhaya naphesheya.Emva kophuhliso kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iindlela zedosi yamalungiselelo okugcina abasebenzi asetyenziswa kumasimi epaddy kwilizwe lam ikakhulu yioyile yokusasaza ifilim, iigranules ezidadayo kunye neegranules ezihlakazekile emanzini (U granules).Phakathi kwabo, ioli yokusasaza ifilimu yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu.
I-oyile yokusasaza ifilimu ifom ye-dosage apho i-pesticide yasekuqaleni ichithwa ngokuthe ngqo kwioli.Ngokukodwa, ioli eyenziwe ngokongeza i-agent ekhethekileyo yokusabalalisa kunye nokusabalalisa kwioli eqhelekileyo.Xa isetyenziswe, iphosa ngokuthe ngqo kwintsimi yerayisi ukuze isasazeke, kwaye emva kokusasazeka, isasazeka phezu kwamanzi ngokwawo ukuze isebenzise umphumo wayo.Okwangoku, iimveliso zasekhaya ezifana ne-4% thifur·azoxystrobin ifilimu yokusasaza ioli, i-8% yefilimu ye-thiazide isasaza ioli, i-1% ye-spirulina ethanolamine ifilimu yetyuwa yokusasaza ioli, njl., isetyenziswe ngokuvuza, ekulungele kakhulu .Ukubunjwa kweoli yefilimu eyolula ifilimu ibandakanya izithako ezisebenzayo, i-surfactants, kunye ne-solvents yeoli, kunye nezibonakaliso zayo zokulawula umgangatho zibandakanya umxholo wezithako ezisebenzayo, uluhlu lwe-pH, ukuxinwa kwendawo, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-equilibrium interfacial, umswakama, isantya sokusabalalisa, indawo yokusabalalisa, ukuzinza kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, ukugcinwa kwe-thermal.uzinzo.
Iigranule ezidadayo luhlobo olutsha lokwenziwa kwesibulali zinambuzane ezidada ngokuthe ngqo kumphezulu wamanzi emva kokuba zifakwe emanzini, zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kuwo wonke umphezulu wamanzi, emva koko ziqhekeke kwaye zisasazeke emanzini.Amacandelo alo ikakhulu abandakanya izithako ezisebenzayo ze-pesticide, izigcwalisi ezidadayo, izibophelelo, ii-disintegrating dispersants, njl njl. Ukubunjwa kweegranule ezidadayo kubandakanya izithako ezisebenzayo, umthuthi odadayo, kunye ne-disintegrating dispersant, kunye nezalathi zayo zokulawula umgangatho zibandakanya ukubonakala, ixesha lokuqhekeka, izinga lokudada, ukusasazwa. umgama, izinga lokuqhekeka, kunye nokuqhekeka.
Iigranules ze-U zenziwe ngezithako ezisebenzayo, abathwali, izibophelelo kunye ne-diffusing agents.Xa isetyenziswe kumasimi e-paddy, i-granules ihlala okwexeshana emhlabeni, kwaye i-granules iphinda ibuyele phezulu ukuze idada.Ekugqibeleni, isithako esisebenzayo siyanyibilika kwaye sisasazeke kuwo onke amacala kumphezulu wamanzi.Uphuhliso lokuqala lwalululungiselelo lwe-cypermethrin yokulawula i-weevil yamanzi erayisi.Ukubunjwa kwe-U granules kubandakanya izithako ezisebenzayo, abathwali, izibophelelo, kunye ne-diffusing agents, kunye nezalathi zayo zokulawula umgangatho zibandakanya ukubonakala, ixesha lokuqalisa ukudada, ixesha lokugqiba ukudada, umgama wokusabalalisa, izinga lokuchithwa, kunye nokutshatyalaliswa.
Ngokutsho kwabangaphakathi kwimizi-mveliso, iJapan kunye noMzantsi Korea bakhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwe-U granules kunye neegranules ezidadayo kwinqanaba elikhulu, kodwa kukho izifundo ezimbalwa zasekhaya, kwaye akukho mveliso ihambelanayo ifakiwe kwintengiso okwangoku.Nangona kunjalo, kukholelwa ukuba kuya kubakho iimveliso zegranule ezidadayo kwimarike yaseTshayina kungekudala.Ngelo xesha, ezinye iigranule ezinyakazelayo ezidada phezu kwamanzi okanye iimveliso zethebhulethi esebenzayo ziya kutshintshwa ngokulandelelanayo kwiyeza lentsimi yerayisi, eliya kuvumela ukuba kusetyenziswe iimveliso ezininzi zasekhaya zeerayisi.Amafama ayaxhamla kwindlela asetyenziswa ngayo.
Amalungiselelo e-Microencapsulated aba ngumhlaba olandelayo wokhuphiswano oluphezulu kwishishini
Phakathi kweendidi ezikhoyo zamalungiselelo okulondoloza umsebenzi, amalungiselelo e-microencapsulated ibe yingqwalasela yoshishino kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Ukumiswa kwe-Pesticide microcapsule suspension (CS) kubhekiselele kwi-pesticide ukwakhiwa kwe-pesticide esebenzisa izinto zokwenziwa okanye zendalo ze-polymer ukwenza i-core-shell structure micro-container, igqoke i-pesticide kuyo, kwaye iyimise emanzini.Iquka iinxalenye ezimbini, igobolondo ye-capsule kunye ne-capsule core, i-capsule core iyisithako esisebenzayo se-pesticides, kunye negobolondo le-capsule yifilimu eyenza i-polymer material.Itekhnoloji ye-Microencapsulation yaqala ukusetyenziswa kumazwe angaphandle, kubandakanywa amayeza okubulala izinambuzane kunye nemingundo, ezoyise iingxaki zobugcisa kunye neendleko, kwaye ziphuhliswe ngamandla e-China kwiminyaka yakutshanje.Ngokophando lwe-China Pesticide Information Network, ukususela ngo-Oktobha 26, 2021, inani leemveliso zokulungiswa kwe-microencapsulated ezibhalisiweyo kwilizwe lam ziphelele kwi-303, kwaye iifomyula ezibhalisiweyo ziquka i-245 microcapsule suspensions, i-33 microcapsule suspensions, kunye nokumiswa kwe-microcapsule yonyango lwembewu.I-11 granules, i-8 imbewu yonyango lwe-microcapsule-suspension-suspension agents, i-3 microcapsule powders, i-7 microcapsule granules, i-microcapsule eyi-1, kunye ne-1 microcapsule ukumiswa-emulsion enamanzi.
Kuyabonakala ukuba inani le-microcapsule suspensions ebhaliswe kumalungiselelo e-microcapsule yasekhaya iyona inkulu, kwaye iintlobo zeefom zedosi ezibhalisiweyo zincinci, ngoko kukho indawo enkulu yophuhliso.
U-Liu Runfeng, umlawuli we-R & D Centre ye-Yunfa Biological Group, wathi i-microcapsules ye-pesticide, njengento yokuqulunqwa kobume bendalo, ineenzuzo zempembelelo ehlala ixesha elide, ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.Enye yazo yindawo ephambili yophando kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye ikwayindawo ephezulu elandelayo ukuze abavelisi bakhuphisane.Okwangoku, uphando lwasekhaya malunga neecapsules lugxile kakhulu kwiiyunivesithi nakumaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi, kwaye uphando olusisiseko lwethiyori lucokisekile.Ngenxa yokuba kukho imiqobo embalwa yobugcisa kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kwamalungiselelo e-microcapsule, ngaphantsi kwe-100 ngokwenene ithengiswa, kwaye akukho phantse amalungiselelo e-microcapsule e-China.Iimveliso zeCapsule ngamashishini okulungisa izitshabalalisi ezinokhuphiswano olungundoqo.
Kukhuphiswano lwemarike yangoku, ukongeza kubume obungenakonakala beenkampani zakudala zangaphandle ezintliziyweni zabantu baseTshayina, iinkampani zasekhaya ezivelisa izinto ezintsha ezifana noMingde Lida, Hailier, Lier, kunye neGuangxi Tianyuan zixhomekeke kumgangatho wokutyhutyha ungqingo.Phakathi kwabo, uMingde Lida waphula ingcamango yokuba iimveliso zaseTshayina azilunganga njengeenkampani zangaphandle kulo mzila.
U-Liu Runfeng wazisa ukuba itekhnoloji ye-microencapsulation yeyona nto iphambili yokhuphiswano lwe-Mindleader.I-Mindleader iphuhlise iikhompawundi ezifana ne-beta-cyhalothrin, i-metolachlor, i-prochloraz, kunye ne-abamectin: Kukho ngaphezu kweemveliso ze-20 eziqinisekisiweyo kwaye zifolele ukubhaliswa kumacandelo amane amakhulu: uchungechunge lwe-fungicide microcapsule series, i-insecticide microcapsule series, i-herbicide microcapsule series, kunye nembewu yokugquma i-microcapsule series.Izityalo ezahlukeneyo ziye zagqunywa, ezifana nerayisi, isitrasi, imifuno, ingqolowa, ama-apile, umbona, ama-apile, iidiliya, amandongomane, njl.
Okwangoku, iimveliso ze-microcapsule ze-Mingde Lida ezidweliswe okanye eziza kufakwa kwi-China ziquka i-Delica® (i-25% ye-beta-cyhalothrin kunye ne-clothianidin microcapsule-suspension-suspension agent), i-Lishan® (45% essence Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Lizao® (30% Oxadiazone·Butachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Minggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule Suspension), Jinggongfu ® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension), Miaowanjin® (25% clothianidin·metalaxyl·fludiocapsuleed microcapsuleed sespension). ), iDeliang® (5 % Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), Mingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspension), njl. Kwixesha elizayo, kuya kubakho ukuqulunqwa kwezinto ezintsha zokudibanisa ezenziwe kwi-microcapsule suspensions.Ngokufika kobhaliso lwangaphandle, iimveliso ze-microcapsule ze-Mingde Lida ziya kukhuthazwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ethetha ngophando lwexesha elizayo kunye nentsingiselo yophuhliso lwe-microcapsules yesitshabalalisi kwixa elizayo, uLiu Runfeng udize ukuba kuyakubakho la migaqo mihlanu ilandelayo: ① ukusuka ekukhululweni okucothayo ukuya ekukhululweni okulawulwayo;② izixhobo zodonga ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo endaweni yezinto ezenziwe ngodonga zokwenziwa ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe "microplastics" kwindawo;③ esekwe kuyilo lweFomula yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zosetyenziso;④ Iindlela zokulungiselela ezikhuselekileyo nezilungele ukusingqongileyo;⑤ Iikhrayitheriya zovavanyo lwezenzululwazi.Ukuphucula ukuzinza komgangatho weemveliso zokumiswa kwe-microcapsule kuya kuba yingqwalasela yamashishini amelwe nguMingde Lida kwixesha elizayo.
Ukushwankathela, ngenkqubela enzulu yokunciphisa izitshabalalisi kunye nokwandiswa kobuchule, imfuno yentengiso kunye nokubanakho kweendlela zokusindisa abasebenzi ziya kujongwa ngakumbi kwaye zikhululwe, kwaye ikamva layo aliyi kulinganiselwa.Ewe kunjalo, kuya kubakho iinkampani zamalungiselelo ezigqwesileyo ezithe zagalela kule ngoma, kwaye ukhuphiswano luya kuba luqilima.Ke ngoko, abantu abakwishishini bacela iinkampani zasekhaya zokubulala izitshabalalisi ukuba ziqhubeke zomeleza uphando kunye nophuhliso lwemiyilelo yezitshabalalisi, zandise utyalo-mali lophando lwenzululwazi, ziphonononge ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa ekusetyenzweni kwezibulali-zinambuzane, zikhuthaze uphuhliso lwemixube eyonga umsebenzi, kwaye zisebenze ngcono kwezolimo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-05-2022