Amalungiselelo afakwe ii-microcapsulated

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokukhawuleziswa kokukhula kwabantu ezidolophini kunye nesantya sokudluliselwa komhlaba, abasebenzi basemaphandleni baye bagxila ezidolophini, kwaye ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi kuye kwanda, nto leyo ebangele iindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi; kwaye inani labasetyhini kubasebenzi liye landa minyaka le, kwaye abasebenzi abanzima bemveli Amayeza ajongene nemingeni. Ingakumbi ngokusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kokunciphisa izibulali-zinambuzane kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kunokuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane, kunciphise umthwalo womsebenzi, kwaye kuzise ithuba elihle lokuphuhliswa kweendlela zokonga abasebenzi ngeendlela ezilula zokusetyenziswa. Amalungiselelo okusebenza okonga abasebenzi kunye nokonga abasebenzi afana namaconsi okutshiza, iigranules ezintantayo, iioyile ezisasaza ifilimu, iigranules ze-U, kunye nee-microcapsules ziye zaba ziindawo eziphambili zophando lwamashishini oshishino kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zizisa ithuba elihle lophuhliso. Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kuye kwathatha indawo enkulu ngokulandelelana kwiimakethi zamasimi erayisi, kubandakanya nezinye izityalo zemali, kwaye amathuba abanzi kakhulu. 

Uphuhliso lwamalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi luya luphucuka 

Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, iteknoloji yokwenza izibulali-zinambuzane kwilizwe lam ifikelele kuphuhliso olukhawulezileyo, kwaye indlela yophuhliso oluya kubuhlobo nokusingqongileyo iye yacaca ngakumbi nangakumbi; ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukugxila kukhuseleko oluluhlaza, kunye nokunciphisa umthamo kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle yeyona ndlela yophuhliso.

Iifomyula ezonga abasebenzi ziindlela ezintsha zokwenza iifomyula ezilandela le ndlela. Ngokukodwa, uphando olonga abasebenzi malunga neefomyula zezibulala-zinambuzane luthetha ukuba abaqhubi banokonga iiyure zomsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi kwimisebenzi yokusetyenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye namanyathelo, oko kukuthi, ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa ezona ndlela zonga abasebenzi kunye nezonga abasebenzi ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo izithako ezisebenzayo zezibulala-zinambuzane. Faka kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo yezityalo.

Kumazwe ngamazwe, iJapan lelona lizwe likhula ngokukhawuleza kubuchwepheshe bokonga abasebenzi, lilandelwa nguMzantsi Korea. Uphuhliso lweendlela zokonga abasebenzi luye lwadlula kwiinkqubo ezintathu zophando nophuhliso ukusuka kwiigranules ukuya kwiigranules ezinkulu, iindlela zokonga amandla, iindlela zokonga amanzi, uze emva koko uye kwiindlela zokonga amafutha ezisasazwa ngefilimu, iigranules ezidadayo, kunye neegranules ze-U.

Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, iindlela zokonga abasebenzi bezibulali-zinambuzane nazo ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwilizwe lam, kwaye uphuhliso kunye netekhnoloji yeendlela ezinxulumene nazo ziye zakhuthazwa kwaye zasetyenziswa kwizityalo ezimelwe ngamasimi erayisi. Okwangoku, iindlela zokonga abasebenzi zezibulali-zinambuzane ziquka ioyile esasaza ifilimu, iigranules ezidadayo, iigranules ze-U, ii-microcapsules, ii-agents ezisasaza umphezulu wamanzi, ii-agents ezikhupha umoya (iipilisi), iigranules ezinkulu, iigranules ezixineneyo kakhulu, ii-agents zomsi, ii-agents ze-bait, njl.njl. uhlobo. 

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inani lamalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi abhalisiweyo kwilizwe lam liye landa minyaka le. Ukusukela nge-26 ka-Okthobha 2021, i-China Pesticide Information Network ibonisa ukuba kukho iimveliso ezingama-24 ezibhalisiweyo zeegranules ezinkulu kwilizwe lam, iimveliso ezili-10 zeoyile esasaza ifilimu, imveliso e-1 ebhalisiweyo yearhente yokusasaza amanzi phezu kwamanzi, iiarhente zomsi ezili-146, iiarhente zebait ezingama-262, kunye neepilisi ze-effervescent. Iidosi ezili-17 kunye namalungiselelo e-microcapsule angama-303. 

Mingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Chemical, njl. inkokeli. 

Amalungiselelo okusindisa abasebenzi asetyenziswa kakhulu emasimini erayisi 

Ukuthi amalungiselelo okonga abasebenzi asetyenziswa kakhulu, kwaye inkqubo yobugcisa sele ivuthiwe, isengumsebenzi werayisi. 

Amasimi e-paddy zizityalo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseleleni ukonga abasebenzi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Emva kokuphuhliswa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iindlela zokulinganisa zokulungiselela ukonga abasebenzi ezisetyenziswa kumasimi e-paddy kwilizwe lam ikakhulu yioyile esasaza ifilimu, ii-granules ezidadayo kunye nee-granules ezisasazeke phezu kwamanzi (ii-U granules). Phakathi kwazo, ioyile esasaza ifilimu yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu.

Ioyile esasaza ifilimu yindlela yokulinganisa apho isibulali-zinambuzane sokuqala sinyibilikiswa ngqo kwioyile. Ngokukodwa, yioyile eyenziwe ngokongeza iarhente ekhethekileyo yokusasaza nokusasaza kwioyile eqhelekileyo. Xa isetyenziswa, iwiswa ngqo kwintsimi yerayisi ukuze isasazeke, kwaye emva kokusasazeka, isasaza phezu kwamanzi ngokwayo ukuze isebenze. Okwangoku, iimveliso zasekhaya ezifana neoyile yefilimu ye-thifur·azoxystrobin, ioyile yefilimu ye-thiazide eyi-8%, ioyile yetyuwa ye-spirulina ethanolamine, njl.njl., zisetyenziswa ngokuthontsiza, nto leyo elula kakhulu. Ulwakhiwo lweoyile esasaza ifilimu luquka izithako ezisebenzayo, ii-surfactants, kunye nezinyibilikisi zeoyile, kwaye izalathisi zayo zolawulo lomgangatho ziquka umxholo wezithako ezisebenzayo, uluhlu lwe-pH, uxinzelelo lomphezulu, uxinzelelo lokulingana phakathi kobuso, ukufuma, isantya sokusasazeka, indawo yokusasazeka, uzinzo lobushushu obuphantsi, ukugcinwa kobushushu. uzinzo. 

Iigranule ezidadayo luhlobo olutsha lwefomyula yezibulali zinambuzane ezidadayo ngqo phezu kwamanzi emva kokuba zifakwe emanzini, zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kuwo wonke umphezulu wamanzi, zize ziqhekeke zize zisasazeke emanzini. Izinto eziyinxalenye yazo ziquka izithako ezisebenzayo zezibulali zinambuzane, izizalisi ezidadayo, izihlanganisi, izisasazi ezidakayo, njl. Ulwakhiwo lweegranule ezidadayo luquka izithako ezisebenzayo, isithwali esidadayo, kunye nesisasazi esidakayo, kwaye izalathisi zayo zokulawula umgangatho ziquka ukubonakala, ixesha lokuqhekeka, izinga lokudada, umgama wokusasazwa, izinga lokuqhekeka, kunye nokuqhekeka. 

Iigranule ze-U zenziwe ngezithako ezisebenzayo, abathwali, ababopheli kunye neearhente zokusasazeka. Xa zisetyenziswa kumasimi erayisi, iigranule zihlala emhlabeni okwethutyana, kwaye iigranule ziphinda ziphakame ukuze zintante. Ekugqibeleni, isithako esisebenzayo siyanyibilika kwaye sisasazeke kuzo zonke iindlela kumphezulu wamanzi. Uphuhliso lokuqala yayikukulungiselela i-cypermethrin yokulawula i-weevil yamanzi erayisi. Ulwakhiwo lweegranule ze-U luquka izithako ezisebenzayo, ababheli, ababopheli, kunye neearhente zokusasazeka, kwaye izalathisi zolawulo lomgangatho ziquka ukubonakala, ixesha lokuqala ukudada, ixesha lokugqiba ukudada, umgama wokusasazeka, izinga lokuqhekeka, kunye nokuqhekeka.

Ngokutsho kwabantu abakwishishini, iJapan kunye neSouth Korea zikhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwee-U granules kunye nee-floating granules ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, kodwa zimbalwa izifundo zasekhaya, kwaye akukho mveliso inxulumene noko ebekwe kwimarike okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, kukholelwa ukuba kuya kubakho iimveliso ze-floating granules kwimarike eTshayina kungekudala. Ngelo xesha, ezinye ii-floating granules okanye iimveliso zethebhulethi ye-effervescent ziya kutshintshwa ngokulandelelanayo kumayeza erayisi, nto leyo eya kuvumela ukuba kusetyenziswe ezinye iimveliso zerayisi zasekhaya. Abalimi bayazuza kwindlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo. 

Amalungiselelo e-Microencapsulated aba yindawo elandelayo yokukhuphisana kwishishini 

Phakathi kweendidi zokulungiselela ezonga abasebenzi ezikhoyo, amalungiselelo afakwe ii-microcapsulated abe yeyona nto iphambili kwishishini kwiminyaka yakutshanje. 

I-Pesticide microcapsule suspension (CS) ibhekisa kwifomyula yezinambuzane esebenzisa izinto ze-polymer ezenziweyo okanye zendalo ukwenza i-micro-container yesakhiwo se-core-shell, igqume i-pesticide kuyo, ize iyixhome emanzini. Ibandakanya iinxalenye ezimbini, iqokobhe le-capsule kunye ne-capsule core, i-capsule core sisithako esisebenzayo se-pesticides, kwaye iqokobhe le-capsule liyi-polymer eyenziwe ifilimu. Itekhnoloji ye-Microencapsulation yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwamanye amazwe, kubandakanya ezinye izibulali-zinambuzane kunye ne-fungicides, eziye zoyisa iingxaki zobugcisa kunye neendleko, kwaye ziye zaphuhliswa ngamandla eTshayina kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngokutsho kophando lwe-China Pesticide Information Network, ukusukela nge-26 ka-Okthobha 2021, inani leemveliso zokulungiselela i-microencapsulated ezibhalisiweyo kwilizwe lam zizonke zibe yi-303, kwaye iifomyula ezibhalisiweyo ziquka ii-245 microcapsule suspensions, ii-33 microcapsule suspensions, kunye ne-seed treatment microcapsule suspensions. Iigranule ezili-11, ii-agents ezisi-8 zokulungisa i-microcapsule suspension-suspension, iipowders ezi-3 ze-microcapsule, iigranule ezi-7 ze-microcapsule, i-microcapsule e-1, kunye ne-microcapsule suspension-aqueous emulsion e-1.

Kuyabonakala ukuba inani lee-microcapsule suspensions ezibhalisiweyo kumalungiselelo e-microcapsule asekhaya lelona likhulu, kwaye iintlobo zeendlela zomthamo ezibhalisiweyo zincinci, ngoko ke kukho indawo enkulu yophuhliso.

ULiu Runfeng, umlawuli weZiko le-R&D leYunfa Biological Group, uthe ii-microcapsules zezinambuzane, njengesixhobo esinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, zinezibonelelo zesiphumo esihlala ixesha elide, ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo. Enye yazo yindawo ephambili yophando kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye ikwayindawo entsha entsha apho abavelisi banokukhuphisana khona. Okwangoku, uphando lwasekhaya kwii-capsules lugxile kakhulu kwiiyunivesithi nakwiziko lophando lwezenzululwazi, kwaye uphando olusisiseko lwethiyori luphelele. Ngenxa yokuba kukho imiqobo emininzi yobugcisa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amalungiselelo e-microcapsule, ngaphantsi kwe-100 ziyathengiswa, kwaye phantse akukho lungiselelo lwe-microcapsule eTshayina. Iimveliso ze-Capsule ziinkampani zokulungiselela izibulala-zinambuzane ezinokhuphiswano oluphambili.

Kukhuphiswano olunzima lwemarike olukhoyo ngoku, ukongeza kwimeko engenakutshatyalaliswa yeenkampani ezindala zangaphandle ezintliziyweni zabantu baseTshayina, iinkampani ezintsha zasekhaya ezifana neMingde Lida, Hailier, Lier, kunye neGuangxi Tianyuan zixhomekeke kumgangatho ukuze ziphumelele kulo mqobo. Phakathi kwazo, uMingde Lida waphula umbono wokuba iimveliso zaseTshayina azilunganga njengeenkampani zangaphandle ezikule ndlela. 

ULiu Runfeng uzise ukuba itekhnoloji ye-microencapsulation yeyona nto iphambili ekukhuphisana ngayo iMindleader. IMindleader iphuhlise iikhompawundi ezifana ne-beta-cyhalothrin, i-metolachlor, i-prochloraz, kunye ne-abamectin: Kukho iimveliso ezingaphezu kwama-20 eziqinisekisiweyo kwaye zimi emgceni ukuze zibhaliswe kumacandelo amane amakhulu: uthotho lwe-fungicide microcapsule, uthotho lwe-insecticide microcapsule, uthotho lwe-herbicide microcapsule, kunye nothotho lwe-seed coating microcapsule. Izityalo ezahlukeneyo zigutyungelwe, ezifana nerayisi, i-citrus, imifuno, ingqolowa, ii-apile, umbona, ii-apile, iidiliya, amandongomane, njl. 

Okwangoku, iimveliso ze-microcapsule zeMingde Lida ezidweliswe okanye eziza kudweliswa eTshayina ziquka iDelica® (25% beta-cyhalothrin kunye ne-clothianidin microcapsule suspension-suspension agent), iLishan® (45% essence Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), iLizao® (30% Oxadiazone·Butachlor Microcapsule Suspension), iMinggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule Suspension), iJinggongfu ® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension), iMiaowanjin® (25% clothianidin·metalaxyl·fludioxonil seed treatment microcapsule suspension-suspension), iDeliang® (5% Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), iMingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspension), njl. Kwixesha elizayo, kuya kubakho iindlela ezintsha zokudibanisa ezenziwe kwi-microcapsule suspensions. Njengoko kufikelele ubhaliso lwangaphandle, iimveliso zeMingde Lida ze-microcapsule ziya kukhuthazwa kwaye zisetyenziswe kwihlabathi liphela kancinci kancinci.

Ethetha ngophando lwexesha elizayo kunye nomkhwa wophuhliso lwee-microcapsules zezibulali-zinambuzane kwixesha elizayo, uLiu Runfeng utyhile ukuba kuya kubakho ezi ndlela zintlanu zilandelayo: ① ukusuka ekukhutshweni kancinci ukuya ekukhutshweni okulawulwayo; ② izixhobo zodonga ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo endaweni yezinto zodonga ezenziweyo ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa "kwe-microplastics" kwindalo esingqongileyo; ③ ngokusekelwe kuyilo lweFomula kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa; ④ Iindlela zokulungiselela ezikhuselekileyo nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo; ⑤ Iikhrayitheriya zovavanyo lwesayensi. Ukuphucula uzinzo lomgangatho weemveliso zokumiswa kwe-microcapsule kuya kuba yeyona nto iphambili kumashishini amelwe nguMingde Lida kwixesha elizayo. 

Ngamafutshane, ngokuqhubela phambili okunzulu kokunciphisa izibulali-zinambuzane kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, imfuno yemarike kunye namathuba eefomyula ezonga abasebenzi ziya kusetyenziswa kwaye zikhutshwe, kwaye ikamva lazo aliyi kuba nasiphelo. Kakade ke, kuya kubakho neenkampani zokulungiselela ezibalaseleyo eziza kule ndlela, kwaye ukhuphiswano luya kuba lukhulu ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, abantu abakwishishini bacela iinkampani zezibulali-zinambuzane zasekhaya ukuba ziqinise uphando kunye nophuhliso lweefomyula zezibulali-zinambuzane, zonyuse utyalo-mali kuphando lwesayensi, zihlole ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ekucutshungulweni kwezibulali-zinambuzane, zikhuthaze uphuhliso lweefomyula ezonga abasebenzi, kwaye zikhonze ngcono ezolimo.