Ngelixa ukulahleka kweendawo zokuhlala, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunyeizibulali-zinambuzaneZonke zikhankanyiwe njengezizathu ezinokubangela ukwehla kwezinambuzane kwihlabathi liphela, olu phononongo lolona phononongo lokuqala olupheleleyo nolude lwexesha elide lwempembelelo yazo. Besebenzisa idatha yophando lweminyaka eli-17 yokusetyenziswa komhlaba, imozulu, izibulali-zinambuzane ezininzi, kunye neebhabhathane ezivela kwizithili ezingama-81 kumazwe amahlanu, bafumanise ukuba utshintsho oluvela ekusetyenzisweni kwezibulali-zinambuzane ukuya kwimbewu ephathwe nge-neonicotinoid lunxulunyaniswa nokwehla kokwahluka kweentlobo zamabhabhathane kwiMidwest yase-US.
Ezi ziphumo ziquka ukwehla kwenani lamabhabhathane eemonarch afudukayo, nto leyo eyingxaki enkulu. Ngokukodwa, olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba izibulali-zinambuzane, hayi amayeza okubulala ukhula, yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuncipheni kwamabhabhathane eemonarch.
Olu phononongo lunefuthe elikhulu kuba amabhabhathane adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvuvuzeleni imbewu kwaye ziimpawu eziphambili zempilo yokusingqongileyo. Ukuqonda izinto ezibangela ukwehla kwenani lamabhabhathane kuya kunceda abaphandi bakhusele ezi ntlobo ukuze kuzuze okusingqongileyo kunye nokuzinza kweenkqubo zethu zokutya.
“Njengeqela lezinambuzane elaziwayo, amabhabhathane abonisa ukuncipha okukhulu kwezinambuzane, kwaye iziphumo zethu zolondolozo lwawo ziya kuba nefuthe kwihlabathi liphela lezinambuzane,” utshilo uHaddad.
Eli phepha liphawula ukuba ezi zinto zinzima kwaye kunzima ukuzihlukanisa nokuzilinganisa kwintsimi. Olu phononongo lufuna idatha efumaneka esidlangalaleni, ethembekileyo, ebanzi nehambelanayo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane, ngakumbi kunyango lwembewu ye-neonicotinoid, ukuze kuqondwe ngokupheleleyo izizathu zokuncipha kweebhabhathane.
I-AFRE ijongana nemiba yemigaqo-nkqubo yoluntu kunye neengxaki ezisebenzayo kubavelisi, abathengi, kunye nokusingqongileyo. Iinkqubo zethu ze-undergraduate kunye ne-graduate zenzelwe ukulungiselela isizukulwana esilandelayo seengcali zezoqoqosho kunye nabaphathi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokutya, ezolimo, kunye neenkqubo zemithombo yendalo eMichigan nakwihlabathi liphela. Elinye lamasebe aphambili kweli lizwe, i-AFRE inabasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-50, abafundi abaphumeleleyo abangama-60, kunye nabafundi abaphumeleleyo abangama-400. Ungafunda okungakumbi nge-AFRE apha.
I-KBS yindawo ekhethwayo yophando lwentsimi oluvavanywayo kwi-ecology yasemanzini nasemhlabeni kusetyenziswa iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-ecosystem ezilawulwayo nezingalawulwayo. Iindawo zokuhlala ze-KBS zahlukahlukene kwaye ziquka amahlathi, amasimi, imilambo, iindawo ezimanzi, amachibi, kunye nomhlaba wezolimo. Ungafunda okungakumbi nge-KBS apha.
I-MSU sisenzo sokuqinisekisa, umqeshi onika amathuba alinganayo ozinikele ekugqweseni ngabasebenzi abahlukeneyo kunye nenkcubeko ebandakanya bonke abantu ekhuthaza bonke abantu ukuba bafezekise amandla abo apheleleyo.
Iinkqubo kunye nezixhobo zolwandiso lwe-MSU zivulelekile kubo bonke ngaphandle kokujonga uhlanga, umbala, imvelaphi yesizwe, isini, ubume besini, unqulo, ubudala, ubude, ubunzima, ukukhubazeka, iinkolelo zezopolitiko, ukuthandana ngokwesondo, imeko yomtshato, imeko yosapho, okanye imeko yokuba ligqala. Ipapashwe ngentsebenziswano neSebe lezoLimo lase-United States ngokweMithetho kaMeyi 8 noJuni 30, 1914, ukuxhasa umsebenzi weMichigan State University Extension. Quentin Taylor, uMlawuli weExtension, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Olu lwazi lulungiselelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela. Ukukhankanywa kweemveliso zorhwebo okanye amagama orhwebo akuthethi ukuba iMichigan State University iyayixhasa okanye naluphi na ucalucalulo kwiimveliso ezingakhankanywanga.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-09-2024