I-Uniconazole, esekelwe kwi-triazoleisithinteli sokukhula kwezityalo, inefuthe eliphambili lebhayoloji lokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo ezikhula kwi-apical, ukunciphisa izityalo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu okuqhelekileyo kunye nophuhliso, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photosynthesis, kunye nokulawula ukuphefumla. Kwangaxeshanye, ikwanefuthe lokukhusela ii-membrane zeseli kunye nee-organelle membranes, iphucula ukumelana noxinzelelo lwezityalo.
Isicelo
a. Lima izithole ezomeleleyo ukuze wonyuse ukumelana nokukhethwa
| Irayisi | Ukumanzisa irayisi ngesisombululo samayeza esingama-50 ~ 100mg/L kangangeeyure ezingama-24 ~ 36 kunokwenza amagqabi ezithole abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iingcambu zikhule, kunyuse ukuhluma, kunyuse indlebe kunye neenkozo, kwaye kuphucule ukumelana nembalela kunye nokubanda. (Qaphela: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zerayisi zinobuthathaka obahlukeneyo kwi-enobuzole, irayisi enamafutha > irayisi yaseJapan > irayisi exutyiweyo, okukhona ubuthathaka buphezulu, kokukhona ubunzulu buphantsi.) |
| Ingqolowa | Ukumanzisa imbewu yengqolowa nge-10-60mg/L yolwelo kangangeeyure ezingama-24 okanye ukomisa imbewu nge-10-20 mg/kg (imbewu) kunokuthintela ukukhula kwamalungu angaphezulu komhlaba, kukhuthaze ukukhula kweengcambu, kwaye kwandise i-panicle esebenzayo, ubunzima beenkozo ezili-1000 kunye nenani le-panicle. Ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, iziphumo ezimbi zokwanda koxinano kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen kwiindawo zesivuno zinokuncitshiswa. Kwangaxeshanye, phantsi konyango loxinzelelo oluphantsi (40 mg/L), umsebenzi we-enzyme wanda kancinci, ukuthembeka kwe-plasma membrane kwachaphazeleka, kwaye izinga lokukhupha i-electrolyte lachaphazeleka ukunyuka okuthelekisekayo. Ke ngoko, uxinzelelo oluphantsi lunceda ngakumbi ekulinyweni kwezithole ezinamandla kwaye kuphucule ukumelana kwengqolowa. |
| Ibhali | Imbewu yerhasi efakwe kwi-40 mg/L enobuzole kangangeeyure ezingama-20 ingenza izithole zibe mfutshane kwaye ziqine, amagqabi abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umgangatho wezithole uphucuke, kwaye ukumelana noxinzelelo kuphuculwe. |
| Udlwengulo | Kwinqanaba lamagqabi ama-2-3 ezithole ze-rape, unyango lokutshiza ngamanzi angama-50-100 mg/L lunokunciphisa ubude bezithole, lwandise iziqu ezincinci, amagqabi amancinci natyebileyo, ama-petioles amafutshane natyebileyo, lwandise inani lamagqabi aluhlaza kwisityalo ngasinye, umxholo we-chlorophyll kunye nomlinganiselo wokudubula kweengcambu, kwaye lukhuthaze ukukhula kwezithole. Emva kokutshala kwintsimi, ukuphakama kwesebe okusebenzayo kwehla, inani lesebe elisebenzayo kunye nenani le-Angle kwisityalo ngasinye kwanda, kwaye isivuno sanda. |
| Itumato | Ukumanzisa imbewu yetumato nge-20 mg/L yoxinzelelo lwe-endosinazole kangangeeyure ezi-5 kunokulawula ngempumelelo ukukhula kwesithole, kwenze isiqu sibe sikhulu, sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemibala elishumi, imilo yesityalo ithande indima yezithole ezomeleleyo, kunokuphucula kakhulu umlinganiselo wobubanzi besiqu sesithole/ukuphakama kwesityalo, kwaye konyuse ukuqina kwesithole. |
| Netyhukhamba | Ukumanzisa imbewu yekhukhamba nge-5~20 mg/L ye-enlobuzole kangangeeyure ezi-6~12 kunokulawula ngempumelelo ukukhula kwezithole zekhukhamba, kwenze amagqabi abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iziqu zibe tyebile, amagqabi abe tyebile, kwaye kukhuthaze ukwanda kwenani leevatala ngesityalo ngasinye, kuphucule kakhulu isivuno sekhukhamba. |
| Ipepile emnandi | Xa amagqabi amabini kunye nenqanaba elinye lentliziyo, izithole zitshizwe nge-20 ukuya kwi-60mg/L yeyeza lolwelo, elinokuthintela kakhulu ubude besityalo, landise ububanzi besiqu, linciphise indawo yamagqabi, landise umlinganiselo weengcambu/ihlumelo, landise imisebenzi ye-SOD kunye ne-POD, kwaye liphucule kakhulu umgangatho wezithole zepepile emnandi. |
| Ujodo | Ukumanzisa imbewu ye-watermelon nge-25 mg/L ye-endosinazole kangangeeyure ezi-2 kunokulawula ngempumelelo ukukhula kwezithole, kwandise ubukhulu besiqu kunye nokuqokelelwa kwezinto ezomileyo, kwaye kuphucule ukukhula kwezithole ze-watermelon. Kuphucule umgangatho wezithole. |
b. Lawula ukukhula kwezityalo ukuze kwandiswe isivuno
| Irayisi | Kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokwahluka (iintsuku ezisi-7 ngaphambi kokudibana), irayisi yatshizwa nge-100 ~ 150mg/L ye-enlobuzole ukukhuthaza ukuhluma, ukukhula okuncinci kunye nokwandisa isivuno. |
| Ingqolowa | Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokudibana, isityalo sonke sengqolowa satshizwa nge-50-60 mg/L enlobuzole, enokulawula ukwandiswa kwe-internode, yonyuse amandla okulwa nokuhlaliswa, yonyuse i-spike esebenzayo, ubunzima beenkozo eziliwaka kunye nenani leenkozo nge-spike nganye, kwaye ikhuthaze ukwanda kwesivuno. |
| I-sorghum emnandi | Xa ubude besityalo se-sweet sorghum babuyi-120cm, i-800mg/L ye-enlobuzole yasetyenziswa kwisityalo sonke, ububanzi besiqu se-sweet sorghum banda kakhulu, ubude besityalo bancipha kakhulu, ukumelana nokumelana kwanda, kwaye isivuno sasizinzile. |
| I-Millet | Kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukusebenzisa iyeza lolwelo le-30mg/L kwisityalo sonke kunokukhuthaza ukuqina kwentonga, kuthintele ukuhla, kwaye konyuse uxinano lwembewu ngobungakanani obufanelekileyo kunokukhuthaza kakhulu ukwanda kwesivuno. |
| Udlwengulo | Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokugquma ukuya kubude obuyi-20cm, isityalo sonke se-rape singatshizwa nge-90 ~ 125 mg/L yeyeza elingamanzi, elinokwenza amagqabi abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amagqabi abe makhulu, izityalo zibe mfutshane kakhulu, iingcambu eziqinileyo zibe nkulu, iziqu zibe nkulu, amasebe asebenzayo ande, inani leembotyi ezisebenzayo lande, kwaye likhuthaze ukwanda kwesivuno. |
| Ipinati | Ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo zamandongomane, ukutshiza ngeyeza lolwelo elingama-60 ~ 120 mg/L kumphezulu wamagqabi kunokulawula ngempumelelo ukukhula kwezityalo zamandongomane kwaye kwandise imveliso yeentyatyambo. |
| Iimbotyi zesoya | Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuhluma kwembewu yesoya, ukutshiza ngeyeza lolwelo elingama-25~60 mg/L kumphezulu wamagqabi kunokulawula ukukhula kwesityalo, kukhuthaze ukwanda kobubanzi besiqu, kukhuthaze ukwakheka kwembewu kunye nokwandisa isivuno. |
| Imbotyi yeMung | Ukutshiza nge-30 mg/L yonyango olumanzi kumphezulu wegqabi le-mung bean kwinqanaba lokuyila kunokulawula ukukhula kwesityalo, kukhuthaze imetabolism yomzimba wamagqabi, kwandise ubunzima beenkozo ezili-100, ubunzima beenkozo ngesityalo ngasinye kunye nesivuno senkozo. |
| Umqhaphu | Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokudubula komqhaphu, ukutshiza amagqabi ngeyeza lolwelo elingama-20-50 mg/L kunokulawula ngokufanelekileyo ubude besityalo somqhaphu, kunciphise ubude besityalo somqhaphu, kukhuthaze ukwanda kwenani le-boll kunye nobunzima besityalo somqhaphu, kunyuse kakhulu isivuno sesityalo somqhaphu, kwaye kunyuse isivuno ngama-22%. |
| Netyhukhamba | Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokudubula kwekhukhamba, isityalo sonke satshizwa nge-20mg/L yeyeza lolwelo, elinokunciphisa inani lamacandelo kwisityalo ngasinye, linyuse izinga lokwakheka kwekhabe, linciphise ngempumelelo isigaba sokuqala sekhabe kunye nesantya sokukhubazeka, kwaye linyuse kakhulu isivuno kwisityalo ngasinye. |
| Ibhatata emnandi, ibhatata | Ukusebenzisa iyeza lolwelo elingama-30~50 mg/L kwiitapile ezimnandi kunye neetapile kunokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo, kukhuthaze ukwanda kweetapile ezingaphantsi komhlaba kwaye kwandise isivuno. |
| I-yam yaseTshayina | Kwinqanaba lokudubula nokudubula, ukutshiza i-yam nge-40mg/L yolwelo kanye phezu kwegqabi kunokuthintela kakhulu ukwandiswa kwemihla ngemihla kweziqu eziphezu komhlaba, isiphumo sexesha simalunga ne-20d, kwaye kunokukhuthaza ukwanda kwesivuno. Ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu kakhulu okanye inani lezihlandlo lininzi kakhulu, isivuno senxalenye engaphantsi komhlaba ye-yam siya kuthintelwa ngelixa ukwandiswa kweziqu ngaphezu komhlaba kuthintelwe. |
| Iradish | Xa amagqabi amathathu eradish okwenyani atshizwa nge-600 mg/L ulwelo, umlinganiselo wekhabhoni ne-nitrogen kumagqabi eradish wehliswa nge-80.2%, kwaye izinga lokuhluma kunye nezinga lokubola kwezityalo zehlisiwe ngokufanelekileyo (lehlisiwe nge-67.3% kunye ne-59.8%, ngokulandelelana). Ukusetyenziswa kweradish kwimveliso yasentwasahlobo ngexesha lonyaka kunokuthintela ngempumelelo ukubola kweradish, kwandise ixesha lokukhula kweengcambu zenyama, kwaye kuphucule ixabiso lezoqoqosho. |
c. Lawula ukukhula kwamasebe kwaye ukhuthaze ukwahluka kwamahlumela eentyatyambo
Ngexesha lokuhluma kweziqhamo zasehlotyeni, isisombululo se-enlobuzole esiyi-100~120 mg/L sifakwe kwisityalo sonke, nto leyo enokuthintela ubude bokuhluma kwemithi emincinci yeziqhamo zase-citrus kwaye ikhuthaze ukuvela kweziqhamo.
Xa iqela lokuqala leentyatyambo zesilisa ze-litchi flower spike livuleka kancinci, ukutshiza nge-60 mg/L ye-enlobuzole kunokulibazisa i-phenology yokudubula, kwandise ixesha lokudubula, kwandise kakhulu inani leentyatyambo zesilisa, kuncede ekwandiseni ubungakanani besiqhamo sokuqala, kwandise kakhulu isivuno, kubangele ukuphuphuma kwembewu yesiqhamo kwaye kwandise izinga lokutsha.
Emva kokuvuna i-core yesibini, i-100 mg/L ye-endosinazole kunye ne-500 mg/L ye-Yiyedan yatshizwa kabini kangangeentsuku ezili-14, nto leyo eyayinokuthintela ukukhula kwamahlumela amatsha, ukunciphisa ubude beentloko ze-jujube kunye namasebe esibini, ukwandisa uhlobo lwesityalo esiqinileyo nesincinci, ukwandisa umthwalo weziqhamo zamasebe esibini kunye nokuphucula amandla emithi ye-jujube okumelana neentlekele zemvelo.
d. Khuthaza ukufaka imibala
Ama-apile atshizwe nge-50 ~ 200 mg/L yolwelo kwimizuzu engama-60 kunye nemizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuvuna, nto leyo ebonakalise impembelelo enkulu yombala, ukwanda komxholo weswekile enyibilikayo, ukwehla komxholo we-organic acid, kunye nokwanda komxholo we-ascorbic acid kunye nomxholo weproteni. Inempembelelo entle yombala kwaye inokuphucula umgangatho wama-apile.
Kwinqanaba lokuvuthwa kweNanguo pear, unyango lwe-100mg/L endobuzole +0.3% calcium chloride +0.1% potassium sulfate spray lunokunyusa kakhulu umxholo we-anthocyanin, izinga leziqhamo ezibomvu, umxholo weswekile enyibilikayo kwixolo leziqhamo, kunye nobunzima besiqhamo esinye.
Ngomhla we-10 kunye nowe-20 ngaphambi kokuba iziqhamo zivuthwe, i-50 ~ 100 mg/L ye-endosinazole yasetyenziswa ukutshiza indlebe yeentlobo ezimbini zeediliya, i-“Jingya” kunye ne-“Xiyanghong”, nto leyo enokukhuthaza kakhulu ukwanda komxholo we-anthocyanin, ukwanda komxholo weswekile enyibilikayo, ukwehla komxholo we-organic acid, ukwanda komlinganiselo weswekile-asidi kunye nokwanda komxholo we-vitamin C. Inefuthe lokukhuthaza umbala weziqhamo zeediliya kunye nokuphucula umgangatho weziqhamo.
e. Lungisa uhlobo lwesityalo ukuze uphucule ukuhombisa
Ukutshiza i-40~50 mg/L ye-endosinazole izihlandlo ezi-3~4 okanye i-350~450 mg/L ye-endosinazole kanye ngexesha lokukhula kwe-ryegrass, i-fescue ende, i-bluegrass kunye nezinye iingca kunokulibazisa izinga lokukhula kweengca, ukunciphisa ukuphindaphindeka kokusikwa kwengca, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokucheba nokulawula. Kwangaxeshanye, kunokunyusa amandla ezityalo okumelana nembalela, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekunkcenkcesheleni ingca okonga amanzi.
Ngaphambi kokutyala iShandandan, iibhola zembewu zazifakwa emanzini angama-20 mg/L kangangemizuzu engama-40, kwaye xa ihlumela lifikelela kubude obuyi-5 ~ 6 cm, iziqu kunye namagqabi zazitshizwa ngoxinzelelo olufanayo lolwelo, zinyangwe kanye emva kweentsuku ezi-6 de amahlumela abe bomvu, nto leyo eyayinokunciphisa kakhulu uhlobo lwesityalo, yonyuse ububanzi, ifinyeze ubude bamagqabi, yongeze i-amaranth kumagqabi kwaye iqinise umbala wamagqabi, kwaye iphucule ixabiso lokukhula kwawo.
Xa ubude besityalo se-tulip buyi-5cm, i-tulip yatshizwa nge-175 mg/L ye-enlobuzole izihlandlo ezi-4, ixesha eliphakathi kweentsuku ezi-7, nto leyo eyayinokulawula ngempumelelo ukudumba kwe-tulip ngexesha lokulima ngexesha lonyaka kunye nexesha elingelilo ixesha lonyaka.
Ngexesha lokukhula kwerosi, i-20 mg/L ye-enlobuzole yatshizwa kwisityalo sonke izihlandlo ezi-5, ixesha leentsuku ezisi-7, elalinokunciphisa izityalo, likhule kakuhle, kwaye amagqabi ayemnyama kwaye akhazimla.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokukhula kwezityalo ze-lily, ukutshiza i-40 mg/L ye-endosinazole kumphezulu wegqabi kunokunciphisa ubude besityalo kunye nokulawula uhlobo lwesityalo. Kwangaxeshanye, kunokunyusa umxholo we-chlorophyll, kuqinise umbala wegqabi, kwaye kuphucule ukuhombisa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-08-2024