Ukusebenza kwezibulali-zinambuzane kwiingcongconi kunokwahluka kakhulu ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo emini, kunye naphakathi kwemini nobusuku. Uphononongo lwaseFlorida lufumanise ukuba iingcongconi zasendle ze-Aedes aegypti ezimelana ne-permethrin zazinovelwano kakhulu kwi-insecticide phakathi kobusuku nokuphuma kwelanga. Ukumelana kwazo kwanda emini yonke, xa iingcongconi zazisebenza kakhulu, zifikelela kwincopho yokutshona kwelanga nakwisiqingatha sokuqala sobusuku.
Iziphumo zophando olwenziwe ngabaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseFlorida (UF) zinefuthe elikhulu kwi-abalawuli berhorhoiingcali, ezibavumela ukuba basebenzise izibulali-zinambuzane ngokufanelekileyo, bonge imali, kwaye banciphise impembelelo yazo kwindalo esingqongileyo. “Sifumanise ukuba iidosi eziphezulu zei-permethrin“Bekufuneka ukubulala iingcongconi ngo-6pm nango-10pm. Ezi datha zibonisa ukuba i-permethrin inokuba luncedo ngakumbi xa isetyenziswa phakathi kobusuku nokusa (ngo-6am) kunasekuhlweni (malunga no-6pm),” utshilo uLt. Sierra Schloop, umbhali-mbhali wolu phando. Olu phononongo lupapashwe kwiJournal of Medical Entomology ngoFebruwari. USchloop, igosa le-entomology kwi-UF Naval Sealift Command, ungumfundi we-doctoral kwi-entomology kwiYunivesithi yaseFlorida kunye no-Eva Buckner, Ph.D., umbhali ophezulu wolu phando.
Kusenokubonakala ngathi kusengqiqweni ukuba elona xesha lilungileyo lokufaka isibulali-zinambuzane kwiingcongconi kuxa zinokuthi ziqhume, ziphaphazele, kwaye zilume, kodwa oko akusoloko kunjalo, ubuncinane kuvavanyo lwe-permethrin, enye yezona zimbini zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekulawuleni iingcongconi eMelika, eyasetyenziswa kolu phononongo. Iingcongconi ze-Aedes aegypti ziluma kakhulu emini, ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye zisebenza kakhulu malunga neeyure ezimbini emva kokuphuma kwelanga kunye neeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshona kwelanga. Ukukhanya okwenziweyo kunokwandisa ixesha ezinokulichitha ebumnyameni.
I-Aedes aegypti (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-yellow fever mosquito) ifumaneka kuwo onke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica kwaye yimbangela yeentsholongwane ezibangela i-chikungunya, i-dengue, i-yellow fever, kunye ne-Zika. Inxulunyaniswe nokuqhambuka kwezifo ezininzi ezixhaphakileyo eFlorida.
Nangona kunjalo, uSchluep waphawula ukuba oko kuyinyaniso kwintlobo enye yeengcongconi eFlorida kusenokungabi njalo nakwezinye iindawo. Izinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nendawo, zinokubangela ukuba iziphumo zokulandelelana kwe-genome yengcongconi ethile zahluke kwezo zeChihuahuas kunye neGreat Danes. Ngenxa yoko, wagxininisa ukuba, iziphumo zolu phando zisebenza kuphela kwingcongconi ye-yellow fever eFlorida.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho isilumkiso esinye. Iziphumo zolu phononongo zingachazwa ngokubanzi ukuze zisincede siqonde ngcono ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana.
Isiphumo esibalulekileyo sophando sibonise ukuba ii-gene ezithile ezivelisa ii-enzymes eziguqula kwaye zisuse ityhefu kwi-permethrin nazo zichaphazelekile kutshintsho kubukhali bokukhanya kwixesha leeyure ezingama-24. Olu phononongo lugxile kwii-genes ezintlanu kuphela, kodwa iziphumo zinokudluliselwa kwezinye ii-genes ezingaphandle kophando.
“Ngenxa yoko sikwaziyo ngezi ndlela kunye nebhayoloji yeengcongconi, kunengqiqo ukwandisa le ngcamango ngaphaya kwezi jini kunye nolu luntu lwasendle,” utshilo uSchluep.
Ukubonakaliswa okanye umsebenzi wezi jini uqala ukwanda emva kwentsimbi yesi-2 emva kwemini kwaye ufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu ebumnyameni phakathi kwentsimbi yesi-6 emva kwemini kunye neyesi-2 kusasa. USchlup uthi kwiijini ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo kule nkqubo, zintlanu kuphela eziye zafundwa. Uthi oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba xa ezi jini zisebenza nzima, ukususwa kobuthi emzimbeni kuyaphucuka. Ii-enzymes zinokugcinwa ukuze zisetyenziswe emva kokuba imveliso yazo icothile.
“Ukuqonda ngcono umahluko wemihla ngemihla ekuchaseni izinambuzane okubangelwa zii-enzymes zokususa ityhefu kwi-Aedes aegypti kunokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinambuzane ezinobungozi ngexesha apho umngcipheko uphezulu kwaye umsebenzi wee-enzyme zokususa ityhefu uphantsi,” utshilo.
"Utshintsho lwemihla ngemihla kwi-permethrin sensitivity kunye ne-metabolic gene expression kwi-Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) eFlorida"
U-Ed Ricciuti yintatheli, umbhali, kunye nesazi ngendalo obebhala ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane. Incwadi yakhe yamva nje yiBackyard Bears: Big Animals, Suburban Sprawl, and the New Urban Jungle (Countryman Press, Juni 2014). Imizila yakhe ifumaneka kwihlabathi liphela. Ugxile kwindalo, isayensi, ulondolozo, kunye nokuthotyelwa komthetho. Wayekhe waba ngumgcini kwiNew York Zoological Society kwaye ngoku usebenzela iWildlife Conservation Society. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngumntu kuphela kwi57th Street eManhattan oye walunywa yi-coati.
Iingcongconi ze-Aedes scapularis zifunyenwe kanye kuphela ngaphambili, ngo-1945 eFlorida. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutsha lweesampulu zeengcongconi eziqokelelwe ngo-2020 lufumanise ukuba iingcongconi ze-Aedes scapularis ngoku zizinzile kwizithili zaseMiami-Dade naseBroward kwilizwekazi laseFlorida. [Funda ngokugqithisileyo]
Iintubi ezineentloko zekhoni zivela kuMbindi naseMzantsi Melika kwaye zifumaneka kwiindawo ezimbini kuphela eMelika: uDania Beach kunye noPompano Beach, eFlorida. Uhlalutyo olutsha lwemfuza lwala maqela mabini lubonisa ukuba avela kuhlaselo olufanayo. [Funda ngokugqithisileyo]
Emva kokufunyanwa kokuba iingcongconi zinokuhamba imigama emide zisebenzisa imimoya ephakamileyo, uphando olongezelelekileyo lukwandisa iintlobo kunye noluhlu lweengcongconi ezibandakanyekayo kokufuduka okunjalo - izinto eziqinisekileyo ukuba ziya kuba nzima imizamo yokunciphisa ukusasazeka kwemalariya kunye nezinye izifo ezithwalwa yingcongconi eAfrika. [Funda ngokugqithisileyo]
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-26-2025