Ukusebenza kwamayeza okubulala izinambuzane kwiingcongconi kunokwahluka kakhulu ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo emini, naphakathi kwemini nobusuku. Uphononongo lwaseFlorida lufumanise ukuba iingcongconi zasendle i-Aedes aegypti ekwaziyo ukumelana ne-permetrin zazinovelwano kakhulu kwisibulali-zinambuzane phakathi kobusuku kunye nokuphuma kwelanga. Ukuchasa ke kwanda imini yonke, xa iingcongconi zazisebenza kakhulu, zihamba ngorhatya kunye nesiqingatha sokuqala sobusuku.
Iziphumo zophando oluqhutywe ngabaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseFlorida (UF) zineempembelelo ezinzulu malungaabalawuli berhorhoiingcali, ukubavumela ukuba basebenzise izibulali-zinambuzane ngokufanelekileyo, ukonga imali, kunye nokunciphisa ifuthe labo lokusingqongileyo. “Sifumanise ukuba awona mayeza aphezulupermetrinkwakudingeka ukubulala iimiyane nge-6 pm kunye ne-10 pm Ezi datha zibonisa ukuba i-permetrin inokusebenza ngakumbi xa isetyenziswe phakathi kobusuku kunye nokusa (6 am) kunokuba ngokuhlwa (malunga ne-6 pm)," watsho uLt. umfundi ogqirha kwi-entomology kwiYunivesithi yaseFlorida kunye no-Eva Buckner, Ph.D., umbhali ophezulu wokufunda.
Kusenokubonakala ngathi ingqiqo eqhelekileyo ukuba elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokufaka isibulali-zinambuzane kwiingcongconi kuxa kunokwenzeka ukuba zibhuze, ziphaphaze, zilume, kodwa akusoloko kunjalo, ubuncinane kwiimvavanyo ze-permethrin, enye yezona zibulala-zinambuzane ezimbini ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo eUnited States, ezasetyenziswa kolu phando. Ingcongconi i-Aedes aegypti iluma ikakhulu emini, ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye isebenza kakhulu malunga neeyure ezimbini emva kokuphuma kwelanga kunye neeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshona kwelanga. Ukukhanya okwenziweyo kunokwandisa ixesha abanokulichitha ebumnyameni.
I-Aedes aegypti (eyaziwa ngokuba yingcongconi ye-yellow fever) ifumaneka kwilizwekazi ngalinye ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica kwaye yi-vector yeentsholongwane ezibangela i-chikungunya, i-dengue, i-yellow fever, kunye ne-Zika. Idityaniswe nokuqhambuka kwezifo ezininzi ezingapheliyo eFlorida.
Nangona kunjalo, u-Schluep waphawula ukuba into eyinyani yohlobo lwengcongconi enye eFlorida isenokungabi yinyani kweminye imimandla. Izinto ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngejografi, zinokubangela iziphumo zolandelelwano lwegenome yengcongconi ethile ukuba zahluke kwezo zaseChihuahuas naseGreat Danes. Ke ngoko, uye wagxininisa, iziphumo zophononongo zisebenza kuphela kwingcongconi ye-yellow fever eFlorida.
Kukho i-caveat, nangona kunjalo, utshilo. Izinto ezifunyaniswe kolu phononongo zinokwenziwa ngokubanzi ukuze zisincede siqonde ngcono ezinye izizwe zolu didi.
Ukufunyaniswa okuphambili kophando kubonise ukuba iijini ezithile ezivelisa i-enzymes ezenza i-metabolize kunye ne-detoxify i-permetrin nazo zichatshazelwa lutshintsho ekukhanyeni kokukhanya kwixesha leeyure ze-24. Olu phononongo lugxininise kwimizila emihlanu kuphela, kodwa iziphumo zinokugqithiselwa kwezinye iijini ngaphandle kophononongo.
"Ngenxa yoko esikwaziyo malunga nezi ndlela kunye nebhayoloji yeengcongconi, kunengqiqo ukwandisa le ngcamango ngaphaya kwezi zakhi zofuzo kunye nabemi basendle," kusho uSchluep.
Ukuchazwa okanye umsebenzi wale mizi yemfuza iqala ukunyuka emva kwe-2pm kwaye iphezulu ebumnyameni phakathi kwe-6pm kunye ne-2 am Schlup ibonisa ukuba kwiintlobo ezininzi zofuzo ezibandakanyekayo kule nkqubo, zihlanu kuphela eziye zafundwa. Uthi oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba xa ezi mfuza zisebenza nzima, ukukhupha ubutyhefu kuye kuphuculwe. Ii-enzymes zinokugcinwa ukuze zisetyenziswe emva kokuba imveliso yazo icotha.
"Ukuqonda okungcono ukuhluka kwe-diurnal kwi-insecticide resistance mediated by detoxification enzymes e-Aedes aegypti inokuvumela ukusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuyo kwezinambuzane ngexesha lexesha apho ukuxhatshazwa kuphezulu kwaye umsebenzi we-enzyme ye-detoxification uphantsi," watsho.
"Utshintsho lweDiurnal kwi-permetrin sensitivity kunye ne-metabolic gene expression kwi-Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) eFlorida"
U-Ed Ricciuti yintatheli, umbhali, kunye nesazi sendalo esibhale ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane. Incwadi yakhe yakutshanje yi-Backyard Bears: Izilwanyana Ezikhulu, i-Suburban Sprawl, kunye ne-New Urban Jungle (I-Countryman Press, ngoJuni 2014). Imizila yakhe isemhlabeni wonke. Usebenza ngokukhethekileyo kwindalo, inzululwazi, ulondolozo, kunye nokunyanzeliswa komthetho. Wayekhe wangumgcini kwiNew York Zoological Society kwaye ngoku usebenzela iWildlife Conservation Society. Inokuba nguye kuphela umntu okwisitalato sama-57 saseManhattan okhe walunywa yidyasi.
Iimiyane ze-Aedes scapularis zifunyenwe kanye ngaphambili, kwi-1945 eFlorida. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutsha lweesampuli ze-mosquito eziqokelelwe kwi-2020 zafumanisa ukuba i-Aedes scapularis mosquitoes ngoku sele izinzile kwi-Miami-Dade kunye ne-Broward counties kwi-Florida mainland. [Funda ngokugqithisileyo]
I-cone-headed termites ivela kuMbindi kunye noMzantsi Melika kwaye ifumaneka kwiindawo ezimbini kuphela eUnited States: iDania Beach kunye nePompano Beach, eFlorida. Uhlalutyo olutsha lwemfuzo yabantu ababini lubonisa ukuba basuka kuhlaselo olufanayo. [Funda ngokugqithisileyo]
Ukulandela ukufumanisa ukuba iingcongconi zinokufuduka imigama emide zisebenzisa imimoya ephezulu, uphando olongezelelweyo lwandisa iintlobo kunye noluhlu lweengcongconi ezibandakanyekayo ekufudukeni okunjalo-izinto eziqinisekileyo zokunyanzelisa iinzame zokuthintela ukusasazeka kwesifo seengcongconi kunye nezinye izifo ezithwalwa yingcongconi eAfrika. [Funda ngokugqithisileyo]
Ixesha lokuposa: May-26-2025