I-Fluoxapyr yi-carboxamidefungicideiphuhliswe yiBASF. Inemisebenzi emihle yokuthintela kunye neyonyango. Isetyenziselwa ukuthintela kunye nokulawula izifo zokungunda ezibanzi, ubuncinane iintlobo ezingama-26 zezifo zokungunda. Ingasetyenziselwa phantse i-100 yezityalo, ezifana nezityalo ze-cereal, iimbotyi, izityalo ze-oyile, amandongomane, imithi yeziqhamo yepome kunye nelitye, iingcambu kunye nemifuno ye-tuber, imifuno yeziqhamo kunye nomqhaphu, amagqabi okanye unyango lwembewu. I-Fluoxafenamide yi-succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor kunye ne-fungicide egqwesileyo ephuhliswe kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Iimpawu zePhysicochemical of fluconazole
Igama leMchiza leFluconazole: 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-(3′,4′,5′-trifluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoro I-Methyl) -1-methyl-N-(3′,4′,5′-trifluorobiphenyl-2-yl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide; Inombolo ye-CAS: 907204-31-3, Ifomula yeMolekyuli: C18H12F5N3O. Ubunzima bemolekyuli: 381.31 g/mol.I-Fluoxapyr (ubunyulu 99.3%) imhlophe ukuya kwi-beige eqinileyo, ayinavumba, i-melting point 156.8 ℃, i-156.8 ℃, i-1.42 g/mL, ibola malunga ne-230 ℃, uxinzelelo lomphunga (kuqikelelwa): 2.7 × 10- 9 Pa. 20°C), 8.1×10-9 Pa (25°C); Ukuhlala kukaHenry: 3.028 × 10-7 Pa · m3 / mol. Ukunyibilika (20℃): amanzi 3.88 mg/L (pH 5.84), 3.78 mg/L (pH 4.01), 3.44 mg/L (pH 7.00), 3.84 mg/L (pH 9.00); i-solvent ye-organic (ukucoceka kobugcisa 99.2)%) (g/L, 20℃): i-acetone>250, i-acetonitrile 167.6±0.2, i-dichloromethane 146.1±0.3, i-ethyl acetate 123.3±0.2, i-methanol±0. n-octanol 4.69±0.1 , n-heptane 0.106 ± 0.001. i-n-octanol-inxalenye yomlinganiso wokwahlula amanzi (20°C): ilog yamanzi enziwe i-deionized Kow 3.08, log Kow 3.09 (pH 4), log Kow 3.13 (pH 7), log Kow 3.09 (pH 9), i-avareji log Kow (3.10±0.02) ). Izinzile kwisisombululo samanzi kwi-pH 4, 5, 7, 9 phantsi kweemeko ezimnyama kunye nezinyumba. Ukukhanya kuzinzile.
Ubuthi beFluoxafen
Ityhefu yomlomo ebukhali kwiimpuku (ibhinqa) yeyeza lokuqala le-fluconazole: LD50≥2,000 mg/kg, ityhefu eyingozi yedermal kwiimpuku (indoda nebhinqa): LD50>2,000 mg/kg, i-acute inhalation toxicity kwiimpuku (indoda nebhinqa) : LC50＞5.1 mg/L; ukucaphuka kancinci kumehlo omvundla kunye nesikhumba semivundla; akukho sensitization kwiguinea pig isikhumba. Akukho carcinogenicity, akukho teratogenicity, akukho ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuzala, akukho genotoxicity, neurotoxicity kunye immunotoxicity.
Ityhefu ebukhali kwiintaka LD50＞2,000 mg/kg, ityhefu ebukhali kwiDaphnia 6.78 mg/L (48 h), ityhefu ebukhali kwintlanzi (96 h) LC50 0.546 mg/L, ityhefu ekrakra kwizilwanyana zasemanzini ezingenamqolo (48 h) 750. mg/L, ityhefu ebukhali kwi-algae (72 h) EC50 0.70 mg/L, ityhefu ebukhali yokudibana neenyosi (48 h) LD50>100 μg/inyosi, ityhefu yomlomo ebukhali kwiinyosi (48 h) LD50>110.9 μg/inyosi, ityhefu ebukhali kwimibungu yomhlaba yi-50 I-1,000 mg / kg (iintsuku eziyi-14). Ukusuka kule datha ingentla, kunokubonwa ukuba i-Fluoxafen inetyhefu kwizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini kwaye inetyhefu ephantsi kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Inkqubo yesenzo se-fluoxafen
I-Fluoxafenamide yi-succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, esebenza kwi-succinate dehydrogenase kwi-mitochondrial breath chain complex II ukuthintela umsebenzi wayo, ngaloo ndlela inqanda ukuhluma kwe-fungal pathogen spores, ukukhula kweetyhubhu zentsholongwane kunye ne-mycelium.
Izinto zokulawula iFluconazole
I-Fluoxamid isebenza kakuhle kakhulu, ibanzi, yomelele, iyakhetha, inenkqubo egqwesileyo yokuqhuba, kwaye iyamelana nokhukuliseko lwemvula. Iyakwazi ukulawula iicereals, iimbotyi zesoya, umbona, irapeseed, imithi yeziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neebhiti zeswekile ngokusebenzisa amagqabi kunye nonyango lwembewu. , amandongomane, umqhaphu, ingca kunye nezityalo ezikhethekileyo, njl. njl., ezifana neenkozo, iimbotyi zesoya, imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemifuno ebangelwa yiConcha, iBotrytis cinerea, iPowdery mildew, iCercospora, iPuccinia, iRhizoctonia, iSclerotium Izifo ezibangelwa ngumngundo womgodi, i-botrytis cinerea, irusi , i-powdery mildew ye-legumes, i-cotton blight, i-sunflower kunye nezifo ze-rapeseed okubangelwa yi-Alternaria, njl njl. Ibhaliselwe ukusetyenziswa kwizityalo ezingaphezu kwama-70 ngo-2015, iBASF ijolise ekubhaliseni ukusetyenziswa kwizityalo ezingaphezu kwe-100.
I-Fluoxafen inokuguquguquka okuqinileyo, kwaye zininzi iintlobo zeemveliso ezihlanganisiweyo. I-Adexar (i-fluconazole + epoxiconazole) isetyenziselwa ingqolowa, ibhali, i-triticale, i-rye kunye ne-oats ukulawula i-powdery mildew, i-leaf blight, i-glume blight, i-stripe rust kunye ne-leaf rust. I-Priaxor (i-flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin) ibhaliswe e-United States kwiimbotyi zesoya, i-tomato, iitapile kunye nezinye izityalo zentsimi, kwaye ineempembelelo ezikhethekileyo ekulawuleni indawo emdaka yesoya (Septoria glycines); I-Orkestra SC (i-flufenapyr + Pyraclostrobin) ibhaliswe eBrazil kwiimbotyi zesoya, i-citrus, iitapile, itswele, iminqathe, ama-apile, imango, ivatala, iikomkomere, intsimbi yepepile, iitumato, icanola, amandongomane, iimbotyi zezintso, oojongilanga, amazimba, umbona, ingqolowa kunye iintyatyambo (i-Chrysanthemum kunye ne-rose), njl., inokulawula i-soya yase-Asia irusi, iphucula iphotosynthesis yezityalo, kwaye isetyenziswe kulawulo loxhathiso lwezifo. I-Priaxor D (i-flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin + tetraflufenazole) ibhaliswe eUnited States kuthintelo kunye nolawulo lwebala lembotyi yesoya echasene ne-methoxyacrylate fungicides. I-arhente yonyango lwembewu i-Obvius (i-flufenapyr + pyraclostrobin + metalaxyl) ibhaliswe e-United States kwaye inokulawula iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo zezithole zezityalo ezininzi.
I-succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides ikhule ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yamva nje, kwaye i-fluoxamid yeyona mveliso iphambili yolu hlobo lwefungicides, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, i-spectrum ebanzi, inkqubo yenkqubo, ilungele iintlobo zezityalo kunye nezinye iimpawu, ngakumbi, okuqhubekayo. uphuhliso lweemveliso zayo ezidityanisiweyo zandise i-spectrum yolawulo kunye nobubanzi bezityalo ezisetyenzisiweyo, kwaye iye yaba yiperile eqaqambileyo kwimarike ye-fungicide.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-18-2022