Uphuhliso lwamva nje lweTopramezone

I-Topramezone yi-herbicide yokuqala emva kwezithole eyenziwe yi-BASF yamasimi ombona, eyi-4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate oxidase (4-HPPD) inhibitor. Ukusukela oko yaqaliswa ngo-2011, igama lemveliso elithi "Baowei" lidweliswe eTshayina, liphula iziphene zokhuseleko lwe-herbicide yesiqhelo yamasimi ombona kwaye litsala ingqalelo kushishino.

Eyona nzuzo iphambili ye-topramezone kukhuseleko lwayo kwizityalo ezikhula emva koko, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu phantse kuzo zonke iintlobo zombona ezifana nombona oqhelekileyo, umbona otyebileyo, umbona omnandi, umbona wasendle, kunye ne-popcorn. Kwangaxeshanye, ine-spectrum ebanzi ye-herbicide, iyasebenza kakhulu, kwaye iyakwazi ukuxubana kakhulu, kwaye inemiphumo emihle yokulawula ukhula olumelana ne-glyphosate, i-triazine, i-acetyllactate synthase (ALS), kunye ne-acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase).

Ngokweengxelo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, njengoko ukhula olumelana nokhula emasimini ombona luye lwaba nzima ukululawula, inzuzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-herbicides yesintu yecuba kunye ne-nitrate kuye kwehla, kwaye iinkampani zasekhaya zezibulali-zinambuzane ziye zanikela ingqalelo engakumbi kwi-topramezone. Ukuphelelwa kwelungelo lomenzi le-BASF eTshayina (inombolo yelungelo lomenzi le-ZL98802797.6 ye-topramezone iphelelwe lixesha ngoJanuwari 8, 2018), inkqubo yokwenziwa kwendawo yeyeza lokuqala nayo iyaqhubeka, kwaye imakethi yayo iya kuvulwa kancinci kancinci.

Ngo-2014, intengiso yehlabathi ye-topramezone yayizizigidi ezingama-85 zeerandi zaseMelika, kwaye ngo-2017, intengiso yehlabathi inyuke yaya kuthi ga kwi-124 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika, ibekwe kwindawo yesine phakathi kwe-HPPD inhibitor herbicides (ezintathu eziphambili yi-nitrosulfuron, i-isoxacloprid, kunye ne-cyclosulfuron). Ukongeza, iinkampani ezifana neBayer kunye neSyngenta zifikelele kwisivumelwano sokuphuhlisa kunye iisoya ezinyamezela i-HPPD, nto leyo eye yanegalelo ekukhuleni kwentengiso ye-topramezone. Ngokwembono yomthamo wentengiso yehlabathi, iimarike eziphambili zentengiso ze-topramezone zikwiilizwe ezifana ne-United States, iJamani, iTshayina, iIndiya, i-Indonesia, kunye neMexico.