I. IiPropati eziphambili zeChlorantraniliprole
Eli chizayi-nicotinic receptor activator (yezihlunu). Ivuselela i-nicotinic receptors yezinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo, ezibangela ukuba iziteshi ze-receptor zihlale zivulekile ngokungaqhelekanga ixesha elide, okubangela ukukhululwa okungavumelekanga kwee-calcium ions ezigcinwe ngaphakathi kweeseli. I-calcium pool iphelile, ibangela ukulawulwa kwezihlunu ukuba buthathaka, ukukhubazeka, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukufa.
1. Eli chiza linomsebenzi ophezulu we-insecticidal kunye nolawulo olubanzi. Isebenza kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo. Ikakhulu ilawula izinambuzane ze-lepidopteran kwaye inokuphazamisa inkqubo yokukhwelana kwezinambuzane ezithile ze-lepidopteran, ukunciphisa izinga lokubeka iqanda lezinambuzane ezahlukeneyo ze-noctuid. Kwakhona kunemiphumo emihle yokulawula izinambuzane ze-scarabaeid kunye nezinambuzane ezinjenge-aphid kwi-oda ye-Hemiptera, izinambuzane ezinjenge-aphid kwi-odolo ye-Hemiptera, izinambuzane zesikali ngokomyalelo we-Homoptera, kunye neempukane zeziqhamo ngokulandelelana kwe-Diptera. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wayo uphantsi kakhulu kunoko ngokuchasene nezinambuzane ze-lepidopteran kwaye kufuneka zikhethwe ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wexabiso lokusebenza.
2. Eli chiza likhuselekile noko kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo kunye nezilwanyana ezinomqolo. I-nicotinic receptors yezinambuzane luhlobo olunye kuphela, ngelixa izilwanyana ezincelisayo zineentlobo ezintathu ze-nicotinic receptors, kunye ne-nicotinic receptors yezinambuzane zifana kakhulu nezo zezilwanyana ezincancisayo. Umsebenzi weli chiza ngokuchasene nezinambuzane ze-nicotinic receptors ngamaxesha angama-300 ezilwanyana ezincelisayo, ezibonisa ukukhetha okuphezulu kunye netyhefu ephantsi kwizilwanyana ezincelisayo. Inqanaba layo letyhefu elibhaliswe eTshayina linetyhefu kancinane, kwaye likhuselekile kubafaki-zicelo.
3. Eli chiza linetyhefu ephantsi kwiintaka, intlanzi, i-shrimp, kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezinomqolo, kwaye ikhuselekile ngokwentelekiso kwizinto eziphilayo ezixhamlayo ezifana ne-parasitic kunye nama-predatory predators kwimo engqongileyo. Noko ke, inetyhefu kakhulu kwimibungu yesilika.
4. Eli chiza linokuhambelana okuqinileyo. Inokuxutywa kunye ne-insecticide ehlukeneyo ye-methamidophos, i-avermectin, i-cyfluthrin, i-cypermethrin, i-indoxacarb, kunye ne-cypermethrin-cyhalothrin ukuba isetyenziswe ngokudibeneyo, enokwandisa uluhlu lokulawula, ukulibazisa ukuphuhliswa kokumelana, ukuphucula isantya sesenzo se-insecticidal, ukwandisa ixesha le-insecticidal, ukwandisa ixesha le-residual.
II. IiNdlela zokuSebenza eziPhambili zeChlorantraniliprole
1. Ixesha lokufaka isicelo: Lisebenzise xa izinambuzane zisebancinci. Kungcono ukuyifaka ngexesha lokuqanduselwa kweqanda.
2. Yisebenzise ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo ekwileyibhile. Ukufaka isitshizi, ukwenza inkungu okanye ukutshiza kakuhle kusebenza ngakumbi.
3. Qinisekisa inani eliphezulu lezicelo zonyaka kunye nekhefu lokhuseleko ngokusekelwe kwisityalo esibhaliselwe imveliso.
4. Xa iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kwaye ukuvela komphunga kwintsimi kubalulekile, khetha ukusebenzisa i-pesticide ngaphambi kwe-10 ekuseni kwaye emva kwe-4 pm Oku akunako ukunciphisa kuphela umthamo wesisombululo se-pesticide esetyenzisiweyo, kodwa nokunyusa ngcono ubuninzi besisombululo se-pesticide efunnwe zizityalo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwazo, nto leyo inceda ekuphuculeni umphumo wokulawula.
III. Izilumkiso zokusetyenziswa kweChlorantraniliprole
Ngelixa ubambelela kumanyathelo okhuseleko ngokubanzi okusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi, la manqaku alandelayo kufuneka aqatshelwe xa usebenzisa le mveliso:
1. Esi sitshabalalisi sinovelwano kwiitumato, ii-eggplants, njl. njl., kwaye sinokubangela amabala, ukubuna, njl.; isitrasi, ipere, imithi yamaqunube kunye neminye imithi yeziqhamo iba novakalelo ngeli xesha litsha lamagqabi kunye nenqanaba lokwandiswa kwamagqabi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba amagqabi ajike abe tyheli, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iziqhamo zibe zincinci, zichaphazele isivuno kunye nomgangatho.
2. Musa ukusebenzisa isibulali-zinambuzane ngeentsuku ezinomoya okanye xa kulindeleke ukuba kune imvula kwiyure enye. Nangona kunjalo, le pesticide iyamelana nokukhukuliseka kwemvula, kwaye ukuba kunetha iiyure ezi-2 emva kokutshiza, akukho mfuneko yokutshiza kwakhona.
3. Le mveliso ihlelwa njengeQela lama-28 leKomiti yoLawulo lwe-International Insecticide Resistance Committee kwaye luhlobo lwesibulali-zinambuzane. Ukuze ugweme kangcono ukuvela kokuchasana, ukusetyenziswa kwale mveliso kwisityalo esisodwa akufanele kudlule amaxesha angama-2. Kwisizukulwana sangoku sezinambuzane ezijoliswe kuyo, ukuba le mveliso isetyenziswe kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo ngamaxesha angama-2, kucetyiswa ukuba itshintshe kunye neekhompawundi kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zesenzo (ngaphandle kweQela lama-28) kwisizukulwana esilandelayo.
4. Le mveliso ilungele ukuhlukana kwiimeko ze-alkaline kwaye ayikwazi ukuxutywa kunye ne-acids eqinile okanye izinto ezinamandla ze-alkaline.
5. Inetyhefu kakhulu kwi-algae nakwimibungu yesilika. Indlu yesilika kunye nendawo yokutyala amaqunube akufuneki isetyenziswe. Xa uyisebenzisa, nikela ingqalelo ekugcineni indawo ethile yodwa kwimibungu yesilika ukunqanda ukukhukuliseka kumagqabi equnube. Akuvumelekanga ukuyisebenzisa ngexesha leentyantyambo zezityalo ezivelisa i-nectar kunye neendawo zokukhulula ii-waps ze-parasitic kunye nezinye iintshaba zendalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-26-2025