I. Iipropati eziphambili zeI-Chlorantraniliprole
Eli yezayi-activator ye-nicotinic receptor (yezihlunu). Ivuselela ii-receptor ze-nicotinic kwizinambuzane, ibangela ukuba imijelo ye-receptor ihlale ivulekile ngendlela engaqhelekanga ixesha elide, nto leyo ebangela ukukhululwa okungathintelwanga kwee-ion ze-calcium ezigcinwe ngaphakathi kweeseli. Ichibi le-calcium liyaphela, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukulawulwa kwemisipha kube buthathaka, kukhubazeke, kwaye ekugqibeleni kufe.
1. Eli yeza linamandla okubulala izinambuzane kunye nolawulo olubanzi. Lisebenza kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo. Ngokuyintloko lilawula izinambuzane ze-lepidopteran kwaye linokuphazamisa inkqubo yokudibana kwezinambuzane ezithile ze-lepidopteran, linciphisa izinga lokubeka amaqanda kwezinambuzane ezahlukeneyo ze-noctuid. Likwanemiphumo emihle yokulawula izinambuzane ze-scarabaeid kunye nezinambuzane ezifana ne-aphid ngolandelelwano lwe-Hemiptera, izinambuzane ezifana ne-aphid ngolandelelwano lwe-Hemiptera, izinambuzane ezikhula ngokukhawuleza ngolandelelwano lwe-Homoptera, kunye neempukane zeziqhamo ngolandelelwano lwe-Diptera. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi walo uphantsi kakhulu kunowokulwa nezinambuzane ze-lepidopteran kwaye kufuneka ukhethwe ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wexabiso nokusebenza.
2. Eli yeza likhuselekile kakhulu kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo kunye nezilwanyana ezinethambo lomqolo. Ii-receptor ze-nicotinic zezinambuzane luhlobo olunye kuphela, ngelixa izilwanyana ezanyisayo zineentlobo ezintathu zee-receptor ze-nicotinic, kwaye ii-receptor ze-nicotinic zezinambuzane azifani kangako nezo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Umsebenzi wale yeza ngokuchasene nee-receptor ze-nicotinic zezinambuzane uphindwe ka-300 kunowezilwanyana ezanyisayo, nto leyo ebonisa ukukhetha okuphezulu kunye nobuthi obuphantsi kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo. Inqanaba layo lobuthi elibhalisiweyo eTshayina linobungozi obuncinci, kwaye likhuselekile kwii-applicators.
3. Eli yeza alinatyhefu ingako kwiintaka, iintlanzi, iishrimp, kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezinethambo lomqolo, kwaye likhuselekile kakhulu kwizidalwa eziluncedo ezifana nezilwanyana ezidla ezinye izilwanyana kunye nezilwanyana ezitya ezinye izilwanyana kwindawo ezihlala kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, liyingozi kakhulu kwizinambuzane zesilika.
4. Eli yeza lihambelana kakhulu. Lingaxutywa nezibulali zinambuzane ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-methamidophos, i-avermectin, i-cyfluthrin, i-cypermethrin, i-indoxacarb, kunye ne-cypermethrin-cyhalothrin ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokudibeneyo, nto leyo enokwandisa uluhlu lolawulo, ilibazise uphuhliso lokumelana, iphucule isantya sokusebenza kwezibulali zinambuzane, yandise ixesha eliseleyo, okanye inciphise iindleko zokusetyenziswa.
II. Iindlela eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kweChlorantraniliprole
1. Ixesha lokusetyenziswa: Sebenzisa xa izinambuzane zisencinci. Kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ngexesha eliphezulu lokuqandusela amaqanda.
2. Yisebenzise ngokungqongqo ngokwemiyalelo ekwileyibhile. Xa ufaka isitshizi, ukutshiza ngemiphunga okanye ukutshiza kancinci kusebenza ngcono.
3. Misela inani eliphezulu lokufaka ngexesha lonyaka kunye nexesha lokhuseleko ngokusekelwe kwisivuno esibhaliselwe imveliso.
4. Xa ubushushu buphezulu kwaye umphunga ubonakala kakhulu emasimini, khetha ukusebenzisa isibulali-zinambuzane ngaphambi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa nasemva kwentsimbi yesi-4 emva kwemini. Oku akunakunciphisa kuphela ubungakanani besicombululo sesibulali-zinambuzane esisetyenzisiweyo, kodwa kunokunyusa ngcono ubungakanani besicombululo sesibulali-zinambuzane esifunxwa zizityalo kunye nokuvuleka kwazo, nto leyo enceda ekuphuculeni isiphumo solawulo.
III. Amanyathelo okhuseleko okusetyenziswaI-Chlorantraniliprole
Nangona kulandelwa amanyathelo okhuseleko ngokubanzi okusebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane, kufuneka kuqatshelwe la manqaku alandelayo xa usebenzisa le mveliso:
1. Le mithi yokubulala izinambuzane inovelwano kwiitumato, ii-eggplant, njl.njl., kwaye inokubangela amabala, ukubuna, njl.njl.; imithi ye-citrus, i-pear, i-mulberry kunye neminye imithi yeziqhamo inovelwano ngexesha lesigaba esitsha samagqabi kunye nesigaba sokukhula kwamagqabi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba amagqabi abe tyheli, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iziqhamo zibe ncinci, nto leyo echaphazela isivuno kunye nomgangatho weziqhamo.
2. Musa ukufaka isibulali-zinambuzane kwiintsuku ezinomoya okanye xa kulindeleke ukuba imvula ingananga kwiyure e-1. Nangona kunjalo, esi sibulali-zinambuzane siyamelana nokukhukuliseka kwemvula, kwaye ukuba sina emva kweeyure ezi-2 emva kokutshiza, akukho mfuneko yokuphinda sitshize kwakhona.
3. Le mveliso ihlelwe njengeQela lama-28 leKomiti yoLawulo lokuxhathisa izinambuzane yaMazwe ngaMazwe kwaye luhlobo lwe-insecticide. Ukuze kuthintelwe ngcono ukuvela kwe-resistance, ukusetyenziswa kwale mveliso kwisityalo esinye akufuneki kudlule amaxesha ama-2. Kwisizukulwana sangoku sezinambuzane ekujoliswe kuzo, ukuba le mveliso isetyenziswa kwaye ingasetyenziswa rhoqo amaxesha ama-2, kucetyiswa ukuba kutshintshwe iikhompawundi ezineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza (ngaphandle kweQela lama-28) kwisizukulwana esilandelayo.
4. Le mveliso ithambekele ekuqhekekeni kwiimeko ze-alkaline kwaye ayinakuxutywa nee-asidi ezinamandla okanye izinto ze-alkaline ezinamandla.
5. Inobungozi kakhulu kwi-algae kunye ne-silkyworms. Indawo yokutyala i-silkyworm kunye nendawo yokutyala i-mulberry akufuneki isetyenziswe. Xa uyisebenzisa, qaphela ukugcina indawo ethile yokuzihlukanisa ne-silkyworms ukuze ungatyibiliki kumagqabi e-mulberry. Akuvumelekanga ukuyisebenzisa ngexesha lokudubula kwezityalo ezivelisa i-nectar kunye neendawo zokukhulula ii-parasitic wasps kunye nezinye iintshaba zendalo.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-26-2025