Ngoku ekubeni sithetha nge-dinotefuran yesizukulwana sesithathu se-nicotinic insecticide, masiqale sihlele uluhlu lwe-nicotinic insecticide.
Isizukulwana sokuqala semveliso ye-nicotine: imidacloprid, nitenpyram, acetamiprid, thiacloprid. Eyona iphakathi iphambili yi-2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine, ekwiqela le-chloropyridyl.
Iimveliso ze-nicotine zesizukulwana sesibini: i-thiamethoxam), i-clothianidin. Eyona nto iphambili phakathi yi-2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole, ekwiqela le-chlorothiazolyl.
Isizukulwana sesithathu semveliso ye-nicotine: i-dinotefuran, iqela le-tetrahydrofuran lithatha indawo yeqela le-chloro, kwaye alinazo izinto ze-halogen.
Indlela esebenza ngayo i-nicotine ukubulala izinambuzane kukusebenza kwinkqubo yokudlulisela imithambo-luvo yezinambuzane, izenze zivuselelwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga, zikhubaze kwaye zife, kwaye ikwanemiphumo yokubulala abantu abadibanayo kunye nokutyhefa isisu. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-nicotine zemveli, i-dinotefuran ayinazo izinto ze-halogen, kwaye ukunyibilika kwayo emanzini kunamandla, oko kuthetha ukuba i-dinotefuran ifunxwa lula; kwaye ubuthi bayo bomlomo kwiinyosi yi-1/4.6 kuphela ye-thiamethoxam, ubuthi bokunxibelelana buyisiqingatha se-thiamethoxam.
Ukusukela nge-30 ka-Agasti 2022, ilizwe lam lineziqinisekiso zokubhalisa ezingama-25 zeemveliso zobugcisa ze-dinotefuran; Iziqinisekiso zokubhalisa ezili-164 zeedosi enye kunye neziqinisekiso zokubhalisa ezili-111 zeengxubevange, kuquka nezibulala-zinambuzane ezingama-51 zococeko.
Iifom zedosi ezibhalisiweyo ziquka iigranule ezinyibilikayo, ii-suspension agents, iigranule ezisasazeka ngamanzi, ii-suspension seed coating agents, iigranule, njl.njl., kwaye umxholo wedosi enye yi-0.025%-70%.
Iimveliso ezixutyiweyo ziquka i-pymetrozine, i-spirotetramat, i-pyridaben, i-bifenthrin, njl.
01 I-Dinotefuran + iPymetrozine
I-Pymetrozine inefuthe elihle kakhulu lokuhamba kwenkqubo, kwaye isiphumo sokusebenza ngokukhawuleza se-dinotefuran sisiphumo esicacileyo sale mveliso. Ezi zimbini zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Xa zisetyenziswa kunye, izinambuzane ziyafa ngokukhawuleza kwaye isiphumo sihlala ixesha elide.02I-Dinotefuran + i-Spirotetramat
Le fomyula yifomyula echasene nee-aphids, ii-thrips, kunye neempukane ezimhlophe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yokukhuthazwa nokusetyenziswa kweendawo ezahlukeneyo kunye nempendulo yabasebenzisi, isiphumo sisaneliseka kakhulu.
03IDinotefuran + iPyriproxyfen
I-Pyriproxyfen yi-ovicide esebenza kakuhle kakhulu, ngelixa i-dinotefuran isebenza kuphela kubantu abadala. Ukudibana kwezi zimbini kunokubulala onke amaqanda. Le fomyula liqabane eligqibeleleyo.
04Izibulali-zinambuzane zeDinotefuran kunye nePyrethroid
Le fomula ingayiphucula kakhulu impembelelo yokubulala izinambuzane. Izibulali-zinambuzane ze-pyrethroid ngokwazo zizibulali-zinambuzane ezibanzi. Ukudibana kwezi zimbini kunokunciphisa izinga lokuxhathisa amayeza, kwaye kunokunyanga ne-flea beetle. Yifomyula ekhuthazwa kakhulu ngabavelisi kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Ukusombulula isisombululo
Ezona zinto ziphambili ze-dinotefuran yi-tetrahydrofuran-3-methylamine kunye ne-O-methyl-N-nitroisourea.
Imveliso ye-tetrahydrofuran-3-methylamine igxile kakhulu eZhejiang, eHubei naseJiangsu, kwaye amandla emveliso anele ukwanelisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-dinotefuran.
Imveliso ye-O-methyl-N-nitroisourea igxile kakhulu kwiHebei, Hubei naseJiangsu. Yeyona ndawo iphambili ye-dinotefuran ngenxa yenkqubo eyingozi ebandakanyeka kwi-nitrification.
01I-Dinotefuran inoluhlu olubanzi lokubulala izinambuzane kunye noluhlu lwezicelo, ukusuka kwiizinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane ukuya kumayeza ococeko, ukusuka kwizinambuzane ezincinci ukuya kwizinambuzane ezinkulu, kwaye inempembelelo entle yokulawula.
02Ilungele ukuxubana, i-dinotefuran ingaxutywa neendidi ezahlukeneyo zezibulali-zinambuzane kunye nezibulali-fungi, okulula ukuzisebenzisa; le mifuno ityebile, kwaye ingenziwa ibe sisichumisi se-granule, i-agent yokugquma imbewu yokugquma, kunye ne-agent yokumisa yokutshiza.
03Irayisi isetyenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane ezibolileyo kunye neenkumbi zezityalo ngeyeza elinye kunye nokubulala ezimbini. Ixabisa kancinci kwaye iya kuba lithuba elikhulu lemarike lokukhula kwe-dinotefuran kwixesha elizayo.
04Ngenxa yokuthandwa kokuthintela ukubhabha, i-dinotefuran inyibilika lula emanzini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ngakumbi ekusetyenzisweni okukhulu kokuthintela ukubhabha. Ukwandiswa kokuthintela ukubhabha kuya kubonelela ngamathuba angaqhelekanga kwimarike yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-dinotefuran.
05I-D-enantiomer ye-dinotefuran ikakhulu inika umsebenzi wokubulala izinambuzane, ngelixa i-L-enantiomer inetyhefu kakhulu kwiinyosi zobusi zase-Itali. Kukholelwa ukuba ngokuphumelela kwetekhnoloji yokucoca, i-dinotefuran, enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, iya kuphuma kwimida yayo yophuhliso.
06Igxile kwizityalo ezikwi-niche, njengoko iimpethu ze-leek kunye neempethu zegalikhi zisiya zixhathisa ngakumbi kwiikhemikhali eziqhelekileyo, i-dinotefuran iqhube kakuhle ekulawuleni izinambuzane ezikwi-niche, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-dinotefuran kwizityalo ezikwi-niche kuya kubonelela ngeemarike ezintsha kunye nemiyalelo yophuhliso lwe-dinotefuran.
07Uphuculo olusebenzisa imali eninzi. Eyona nto ibangela ukuba kubekho umqobo omkhulu ochaphazela ukukhula kwe-dinotefuran ibisoloko ixabisa kakhulu iyeza lokuqala kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokugqibela. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le-dinotefuran okwangoku likwinqanaba eliphantsi kwimbali. Ngokuhla kwexabiso, umlinganiselo wexabiso nokusebenza kwe-dinotefuran uye wanda ngakumbi nangakumbi. Sikholelwa ukuba ukuphuculwa komlinganiselo wexabiso nokusebenza kunika amathuba amaninzi okukhula kwe-dinotefuran kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-21-2022