Ulawulo lwezinambuzane nezifo lubaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yezolimo, lukhusela izityalo kwizinambuzane nezifo eziyingozi. Iinkqubo zolawulo ezisekelwe kumda, ezisebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane kuphela xa ubuninzi bezinambuzane nezifo budlula umda obekiweyo, zinokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwezi nkqubo akucaci kwaye kwahluka kakhulu.
Ukuvavanya ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kweenkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezisekelwe kwizinga lomyinge kwizolimo, sikhangele ngokucwangcisiweyo izifundo ezifanelekileyo ezivavanya izinga lomyinge kwiinkqubo zokulima.Sisebenzisa iinjini zokukhangela ezininzi, ekugqibeleni sihlalutye izifundo ezili-126 ukuze sifumanise impembelelo yeenkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezisekelwe kwizinga lomlinganiselo ekulawuleni izitshabalalisi ze-arthropod, imveliso yezolimo, kunye nobuninzi be-arthropod obuluncedo.Sicinga ukuba imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane esekelwe kwizinga lomngcipheko inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni isivuno sezityalo. Ngaphezu koko, xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezisekelwe kwishedyuli, imigaqo esekwe kwizinga lomngcipheko isebenza ngakumbi ekulawuleni izifo ezithwalwa yi-arthropod ngelixa ngaxeshanye ikhuthaza ukusinda kwezinambuzane eziluncedo.
Siqhube uphononongo lweencwadi ukuze sifumanise impembelelo yeenkqubo zokulawula izibulali-zinambuzane ezisekelwe kwimida kwezolimo. Iincwadi ezipapashiweyo zithathwe kwiWeb of Science nakwiGoogle Scholar (Umfanekiso 1). Sikwasebenzise indlela exutyiweyo, sisebenzisa amaqhinga ancedisayo ukuphucula ukumelwa kunye nobubanzi bedathabheyisi.
Iirekhodi zichongiwe ngokusebenzisa uphendlo lwedatha kunye neminye imithombo, zahlolwa ukuba zifanelekile na, zavavanywa ukuba ziyafaneleka na, zaza ekugqibeleni zancitshiswa zaya kwizifundo ezili-126, ezabandakanywa kuhlalutyo lokugqibela lwe-quantitative meta-analysis.
Ayizizo zonke izifundo ezixele ngeendlela kunye nokwahluka; ke ngoko, sibale i-avareji ye-avareji ukuze siqikelele ukwahluka kwelogumlinganiselo.25Kwizifundo ezineenguqu ezingaqhelekanga, sisebenzise i-Equation 4 ukuqikelela i-log ratio kunye ne-Equation 5 ukuqikelela inguqu ehambelanayo. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba nokuba inguqu eqikelelweyo ye-lnRR ayikho, isenokufakwa kwi-meta-analysis ngokubala inguqu engafanelekanga kusetyenziswa i-weighted mean coefficient of variation evela kwizifundo ezibika ngokuphakathi inguqu esemgangathweni.
Itheyibhile 1 ibonisa uqikelelo lwamanqaku ee-ratios, iimpazamo ezisemgangathweni ezinxulumene nazo, izithuba zokuzithemba, kunye ne-p-values yomlinganiselo ngamnye kunye nothelekiso. Iiploti ze-Funnel zakhiwe ukuze kuchongwe ubukho be-asymmetry kwimilinganiselo ekubhekiswa kuyo (Umfanekiso ongezelelweyo 1). Imifanekiso eyongeziweyo 2–7 ibonisa uqikelelo lwemilinganiselo ekubhekiswa kuyo kwisifundo ngasinye.
Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga noyilo lophando zingafumaneka kwisishwankathelo sengxelo yeNature Portfolio esidityaniswe kweli nqaku.
Uhlalutyo lwethu lubonisa ukuba iinkqubo zolawulo lwezinambuzane ezisekelwe kwimida zinganciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kunye neendleko ezinxulumene nazo, kodwa akucaci ukuba ngaba abavelisi bezolimo bayazuza ngokwenene kuzo. Izifundo ezibandakanyiweyo kuhlalutyo lwethu lwe-meta zahluka kakhulu kwiinkcazo zazo zeenkqubo zolawulo lwezinambuzane "eziqhelekileyo", ukusuka kwimisebenzi yengingqi ukuya kwiinkqubo zekhalenda ezilula. Ke ngoko, iziphumo ezilungileyo esizixelayo apha zisenokungabonisi ngokupheleleyo amava angempela abavelisi. Ngaphezu koko, nangona sibhale phantsi ukonga okukhulu kweendleko ngenxa yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane, izifundo zokuqala ngokubanzi azizange ziqwalasele iindleko zokuhlolwa kwentsimi. Ke ngoko, iingenelo zoqoqosho ngokubanzi zeenkqubo zolawulo ezisekelwe kwimida zinokuba ngaphantsi kancinci kuneziphumo zohlalutyo lwethu. Nangona kunjalo, zonke izifundo ezibike iindleko zokuhlolwa kwentsimi zibonise ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso ngenxa yokunciphisa iindleko zezibulali-zinambuzane.
Imida yezoqoqosho idlala indima ephambili kwingcamango yolawulo lwezinambuzane oludibeneyo (IPM), kwaye abaphandi kudala baxela ngeenzuzo ezilungileyo zeenkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezisekelwe kwimida. Uphononongo lwethu lubonise ukuba ulawulo lwezinambuzane ezisebenzisa i-arthropod lubalulekile kwiinkqubo ezininzi, njengoko ama-94% ezifundo ebonisa ukwehla kwesivuno sesivuno ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-07-2025