Isifo sokuphefumla kwehagu besisoloko sisigulo esinzima esithwaxa abanini beefama zeehagu.I-etiology inzima, ii-pathogens zahlukene, ukuxhaphaka kubanzi, kwaye ukuthintela kunye nokulawula kunzima, okuzisa ilahleko enkulu kwiifama zehagu.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izifo zokuphefumla kwifama yehagu zihlala zibonakalisa izifo ezixubeneyo, ngoko ke siqhele ukuyibiza ngokuba yi-pig farm breathing syndrome.Iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ziquka iMycoplasma, Haemophilus parasuis, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, indlebe eluhlaza, i-circovirus kunye nomkhuhlane wehagu.
Ukuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwezifo zokuphefumula, i-tilmicosin inefuthe elihle
Iintsholongwane zokuphefumla kweehagu zohlulwe kakhulu zibe ziintsholongwane, iintsholongwane kunye ne-mycoplasma.Kwi-mycoplasma kunye ne-porcine infectious pleuropneumonia, i-antibiotics yesiqhelo yangoku iye yavelisa ukuxhathisa, kwaye isizukulwana esitsha se-antibiotics samkelwa ngokubanzi kwiklinikhi ukukhusela kunye nokunyanga izifo zokuphefumula kweehagu.Ngokomzekelo, i-tilmicosin, i-doxycycline, i-tyvalomycin, njl., kunye neyeza zendabuko zaseShayina, zinempembelelo enkulu.Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-tilmicosin ineempembelelo ze-antiviral inxalenye, kwaye inefuthe elihle ekulawuleni i-porcine ye-syndrome yesifo sokuphefumula esihambelana ne-porcine PRRS.
I-Tilmicosininenkqubo enzulu kwaye ineenzuzo ezininzi zokwaleka kabini.
Njengoko sisazi sonke, i-tilmicosin lelinye lamachiza asebenzayo okulawula izifo zokuphefumla kwiifama zeehagu.Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo ezahlukeneyo ze-tilmicosin kwimarike azilingani.Kutheni kunje?Sinokwahlula njani phakathi kwazo?Kuthekani ngomahluko?Kwi-tilmicosin, izinto eziluhlaza ziphantse zifane, kwaye akukho mahluko kakhulu.Ukubonakalisa umphumo wemveliso, ngokuyinhloko kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso, ukuzabalazela isiphumo esingcono semveliso kuye kwaba yeyona nto iphambili.indlela yophuhliso.
Umgangatho ophezulutilmicosinkufuneka ibeneempawu ezine: iihagu ziyathanda ukutya, ukukhuselwa kwesisu, ukunyibilika kwamathumbu kunye nokuphuma kancinci.
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Ukwahlula kwinkangeleko
1. Iingqungquthela ze-tilmicosin ezingabonakaliyo zihle kakhulu kwaye zilula ukunyibilika kwiqondo lokushisa, ngelixa i-tilmicosin i-coated particles inzima kwaye inzima ukuyichitha kwiqondo lokushisa.
2. I-tilmicosin enhle (efana ne-Chuankexin efakwe kwi-microcapsules ye-double-layer) ineengqungquthela ezifanayo kunye neengqungquthela.Ngokubanzi, amasuntswana e-tilmicosin coated ayahluka ngobukhulu kunye nokufana.
Ukwahlula kwincasa emlonyeni (incasa entle)
I-Tilmicosinincasa ekrakra, kwaye i-tilmicosin engafakwanga ayifanelekanga ukulawulwa ngomlomo.I-Tilmicosin enencasa ekrakra emlonyeni ayiphumeleli kuphela ukuxinana kweziyobisi ezingafunekiyo, kodwa ikwachaphazela kakhulu ukutya kweehagu kwaye ibangela umonakalo omkhulu.Inkunkuma yeziyobisi.
Ukwahlula kwi-solubility yesisu kunye ne-enteric solubility
1. Ukugquma kwe-tilmicosin kwahlulwe kwi-enteric (i-asidi-resistant kodwa i-alkali-resistant) yokugquma kunye ne-gastric-soluble (kungekhona i-acid- kunye ne-alkali-resistant).I-gastric-soluble (enganyangekiyo kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali) egqunywe i-tilmicosin iya kunyibilika kwaye ikhutshwe yi-asidi yesisu esiswini, kwaye xa ichiza likhutshwa, liya kuvuselela i-gastric mucosa ukuba ikhuphe incindi yesisu, kunye nejusi yesisu esigqithisileyo inokubangela ukuba kube lula. ukopha kwesisu kunye nezilonda zesisu.Ukuba ichiza lichithwe esiswini kwaye likhutshwe kwangaphambili, i-bioavailability yechiza nayo iya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusebenza kwechiza elinyibilikisiweyo esiswini kuya kuncitshiswa ngaphezu kwe-10% xa kuthelekiswa naloo emathunjini.Oku konyusa kakhulu iindleko zamayeza.
2. Ukugquma kwe-Enteric (i-anti-asidi kodwa ingekho i-alkali) Ukugquma kunganyibilika kwaye kukhutshwe nge-gastric acid environment enganyibilikiyo kwindawo ye-alkaline yamathumbu, ukuthintela iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zecala kunye neempendulo ze-cardiotoxic ezibangelwa ukukhululwa kwangaphambili kwisisu.Ngelo xesha, i-bioavailability yeziyobisi emathunjini iphuculwe.Ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza emathunjini.
I-enteric coating isebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zokugquma kunye neenkqubo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokukhululwa emathunjini kukwahluke.Ukutya okuqhelekileyo kuchithwa ngokuyinxenye kwaye kukhutshwe kwisigxina sesisu kunye nesisombululo sesisu, esahluke kakhulu kwisiphumo se-double-layer microcapsule coating, kunye nesantya sokufunxa kwi-intestinal tract.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-17-2022