I-salicylic acid idlala indima ezininzi kwezolimo, kuquka ukuba ngumlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo, isibulali-zinambuzane, kunye nesibulali-zintsholongwane.
I-asidi yesalicylic, njengeumlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo,Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwezityalo nokwandisa isivuno sezityalo. Ingaphucula ukwenziwa kweehomoni kwizityalo, ikhawulezise ukukhula kwazo kunye nokwahlukana kwazo, kwaye incede izityalo ukuba zivumelane notshintsho lwendalo. I-salicylic acid ingathintela ngempumelelo ukwandiswa kweencopho zezityalo, yenze izityalo ziqine kwaye zinciphise ukuvela kwezifo kunye nezinambuzane. Ngaphandle kokuba ngumlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo, i-salicylic acid ingasetyenziswa njengesibulali-zinambuzane. Kwintsimi yezolimo, imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-acetylsalicylic acid kunye ne-sodium salicylate. Ezi khemikhali zinokubulala ngempumelelo izinambuzane kunye nezifo ezifafaza izityalo, zikhusele ukukhula kwezityalo. Kwintsimi yezonyango, i-salicylic acid ikwaliyeza eliqhelekileyo lokulwa nosulelo. Kwintsimi yezolimo, i-salicylic acid isetyenziselwa ukuthintela izifo ezosulelayo kwizilwanyana. Kwangaxeshanye, i-salicylic acid inokunyusa ukumelana nezifo kunye nexesha lokugcina iimveliso zezolimo.
I-Salicylic Acid (efinyeziweyo njenge-SA) ayisiyonto yokubulala izinambuzane yendabuko (njenge-insecticide, i-fungicide, okanye i-herbicide) kwezolimo. Nangona kunjalo, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwindlela yokuzikhusela kwizityalo kunye nokulawula ukumelana noxinzelelo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-salicylic acid iye yafundwa ngokubanzi kwaye yasetyenziswa kwezolimo njenge-inducer yokuzikhusela kwizityalo okanye i-biological stimulant, kwaye inemisebenzi ephambili elandelayo:
1. Ukusebenza kwe-plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR)
I-salicylic acid yimolekyuli yempawu ezenzeka ngokwemvelo kwizityalo, eqokelelana ngokukhawuleza emva kosulelo lwe-pathogen.
Ingavuselela ukuxhathisa okufunyenwe yinkqubo (SAR), nto leyo ebangela ukuba isityalo sonke sibe nokuxhathisa okubanzi kwiintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo (ingakumbi iifungi, iibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane).
2. Ukuphucula ukunyamezela kwezityalo kuxinzelelo olungelulo olwebhayoloji
I-asidi ye-salicylic inokunyusa ukunyamezela kwezityalo kwiingcinezelo ezingezizo ezebhayoloji ezifana nembalela, ityuwa, ubushushu obuphantsi, ubushushu obuphezulu, kunye nongcoliseko lwesinyithi esinzima.
Ezi ndlela ziquka: ukulawula umsebenzi wee-enzymes ze-antioxidant (ezifana ne-SOD, i-POD, i-CAT), ukugcina uzinzo lwee-membranes zeseli, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuqokelelwa kwezinto ezilawula i-osmotic (ezifana ne-proline, iiswekile ezinyibilikayo), njl.
3. Ukulawula ukukhula nophuhliso lwezityalo
Amanqanaba aphantsi e-salicylic acid anokukhuthaza ukuhluma kwembewu, uphuhliso lweengcambu kunye ne-photosynthesis.
Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi obuphezulu bunokuthintela ukukhula, nto leyo ebonisa "isiphumo se-biphasic se-hormone" (isiphumo se-hormesis).
4. Njengenxalenye yesicwangciso solawulo oluluhlaza
Nangona i-salicylic acid ngokwayo ingenawo amandla okubulala ngokuthe ngqo iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo, inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ngokubangela inkqubo yokuzikhusela yesityalo.
Idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo (ezifana ne-chitosan, i-jasmonic acid) ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
Iifomu zesicelo zokwenyani
Ukutshiza amagqabi: Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo yi-0.1–1.0 mM (malunga ne-14–140 mg/L), olunokulungiswa ngokohlobo lwesityalo kunye nenjongo yaso.
Unyango lwembewu: Ukumanzisa imbewu ukuze komelezwe ukumelana nezifo kunye nesantya sokuhluma.
Ukuxuba nezibulali-zinambuzane: Ukuphucula ukumelana kwezityalo nezifo kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesibulali-zinambuzane.
Amanqaku Okunika Ingqwalasela
Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lunokubangela ubuthi bezityalo (njengokutsha kwamagqabi kunye nokuthintela ukukhula).
Isiphumo sichaphazeleka kakhulu ziimeko zendalo (ubushushu, ukufuma), iintlobo zezityalo kunye nexesha lokusetyenziswa kwazo.
Okwangoku, i-salicylic acid ayikabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni njengesibulali-zinambuzane eTshayina nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengomlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo okanye njengesikhuthazi sebhayoloji.
Isishwankathelo
Ixabiso eliphambili le-salicylic acid kwezolimo lilele “ekukhuseleni izityalo ngezityalo” – ngokuvuselela amajoni omzimba ezityalo ukuze axhathise izifo kunye neemeko ezimbi. Yinto esebenzayo ehambelana neengcamango zolimo oluluhlaza kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Nangona ingeyonto yokubulala izinambuzane yendabuko, inamandla amakhulu ekulawulweni kwezinambuzane ezidibeneyo (IPM).
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-13-2025