Abalimi abaninzi baye bafumana ubuthi be-phytotoxicity xa besebenzisa i-mancozeb ngenxa yokukhethwa okungafanelekanga kwemveliso okanye ixesha elingachanekanga lokusetyenziswa kwayo, idosi, kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwayo. Amatyala amancinci abangela umonakalo wamagqabi, i-photosynthesis ebuthathaka, kunye nokukhula kakubi kwezityalo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, amabala amayeza (amabala amdaka, amabala atyheli, amabala anetha, njl.njl.) ayenzeka kumphezulu wesiqhamo kunye nomphezulu wegqabi, kwaye ade abangele amabala amakhulu eziqhamo, umphezulu weziqhamo ezirhabaxa, kunye nomhlwa weziqhamo, okuchaphazela kakhulu ixabiso lezorhwebo lesiqhamo, okubangela ilahleko enkulu kubalimi. Ngamafutshane, kufunyaniswe ukuba izizathu eziphambili ze-phytotoxicity zezi zilandelayo:
1. Iimveliso ze-mancozeb ezingafanelekanga zikhokelela kwizinga eliphezulu letyhefu ye-phytotoxicity.
I-mancozeb efanelekileyo kufuneka ibe yi-manganese-zinc complexi-asidi ye-mancozebiveliswa yinkqubo yokuxubana kobushushu. Kukho amashishini amancinci kunye nabenzi bobuxoki kwimarike abamveliso zabo zingenakubizwa ngokuba yi-mancozeb ngokwenene. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezixhobo zokuvelisa kunye netekhnoloji, yinxalenye encinci kuphela yeemveliso zala mashishini amancinci enokuhlanganiswa ibe yi-mancozeb, kwaye uninzi lwazo luyimixube ye-mancozeb kunye ne-zinc salts. Ezi mveliso zinombala ongemhle, umxholo ophezulu wokungcola, kwaye zisengozini yokubola xa zichatshazelwa kukufuma kunye nobushushu. Ukusebenzisa ezi mveliso kunokubangela ubuthi be-phytotoxicity. Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-mancozeb engaphantsi ngexesha lesigaba sesiqhamo esincinci sama-apile kunokuchaphazela ukufakwa kwe-wax kumphezulu wesiqhamo, kubangele umonakalo kwixolo lesiqhamo kwaye kubangele amabala ajikelezayo obuthi be-phytotoxicity, akhula njengoko isiqhamo sikhula.
2. Ukuxuba izibulali-zinambuzane ngokungaboniyo kuchaphazela ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kwe-mancozeb.
Xa kuxutywa izibulali-zinambuzane, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe izinto ezininzi ezifana nezithako ezisebenzayo, iimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali, iziphumo zolawulo, kunye nezinambuzane ekujoliswe kuzo. Ukuxuba ngokungaboniyo akunciphisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kodwa kwandisa nomngcipheko wetyhefu ye-phytotoxicity. Umzekelo, indlela eqhelekileyo yokuxuba i-mancozeb nezibulali-zinambuzane ze-alkaline okanye iikhompawundi zesinyithi esinzima ezine-copper inokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-mancozeb. Ukuxuba i-mancozeb neemveliso ze-phosphate kunokukhokelela ekudalweni kwe-flocculent precipitates kunye nokukhululwa kwegesi ye-hydrogen sulfide.
3. Ukukhetha ixesha lokutshiza ngendlela engafanelekanga kunye nokulungiswa okungacwangciswanga koxinzelelo lokutshiza kwandisa umngcipheko wetyhefu yezityalo.
Xa zisetyenziswa ngokwenene, abalimi abaninzi bathanda ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wokuxutywa komxube ukuya kumxube ochazwe kwimiyalelo okanye bade basebenzise umxube ophezulu kakhulu kunowo ucetyiswayo ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wetyhefu yezityalo. Kwangaxeshanye, abalimi baxuba izibulali-zinambuzane ezininzi ukuze bafumane iziphumo ezihambelanayo, benika ingqalelo kuphela kumagama ahlukeneyo orhwebo kodwa bengayinaki izithako ezisebenzayo kunye nomxholo wazo. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuxuba, umthamo wesithako esifanayo esisebenzayo uyaqokelelana, kwaye umxube wetyhefu yezilwanyana uyanda ngokungathanga ngqo, udlule umxube okhuselekileyo kwaye ubangele ubuthi bezityalo. Ukusebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu kwandisa umsebenzi wetyhefu yezilwanyana. Ukutshiza izibulali-zinambuzane ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwandisa umngcipheko wetyhefu yezityalo.
4. Umgangatho wemveliso uchaphazela ukhuseleko lwe-mancozeb.
Ubunzima, izinga lokumiswa, ipropati yokumanzisa, kunye nokunamathelana kwamasuntswana e-mancozeb kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso. Iimveliso ze-mancozeb zamanye amashishini zineziphene kwizalathisi zobugcisa ezifana nokuqina, isantya sokumiswa, kunye nepropati yokumanzisa ngenxa yemida yenkqubo yemveliso. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, into yokubekwa kwee-pesticide kunye ne-sedimentation evala umlomo iqhelekile. Ukufakwa kwee-pesticide ngexesha lokutshiza kubangela uxinano olungaguqukiyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshiza, okubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kumanqanaba aphantsi kunye ne-phytotoxicity kumanqanaba aphezulu. Ukunamathela okungekho semgangathweni kwe-pesticide, kunye namanzi amaninzi asetyenziselwa ukutshiza, kubangela ukuba i-pesticide ingasasazeki kakuhle kumphezulu wegqabi, okukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kwesisombululo se-pesticide kwiincam zamagqabi kunye nomphezulu wesiqhamo, okubangela uxinano oluphezulu lwendawo kunye namabala e-phytotoxicity.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-22-2025