Ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezithile ezibulala izinambuzane, ezifana nezigxothi zeengcongconi, kunxulunyaniswa nemiphumo emibi empilweni, ngokutsho kohlalutyo lwedatha yophando lukarhulumente.
Phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba kwiNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), amanqanaba aphezulu okuchatshazelwa zizibulali-zinambuzane ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ekhaya ezibizwa ngokuba yi-pyrethroid pesticides adibene nomngcipheko wokufa kwezifo zentliziyo ophindwe kathathu (umlinganiselo wengozi yi-3.00, i-95% CI yi-1.02–8.80) uGqr. Wei Bao kunye noogxa bakhe kwiYunivesithi yase-Iowa e-Iowa City baxela.
Abantu abakwiindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu kwezi zinambuzane basengozini enkulu yokufa ngama-56% ngenxa yazo zonke izizathu xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abakwiindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu kwezi zinambuzane (RR 1.56, 95% CI 1.08–2. 26).
Nangona kunjalo, ababhali baqaphele ukuba izibulali-zinambuzane ze-pyrethroid azizange zinxulunyaniswe nokufa kwabantu abanomhlaza (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.31–2.72).
Iimodeli zihlengahlengiswe ngokwebala/uhlanga, isini, ubudala, i-BMI, i-creatinine, ukutya, indlela yokuphila, kunye nezinto ezichaphazela uluntu.
Izibulali-zinambuzane zePyrethroid zivunyiwe ukuba zisetyenziswe yi-US Environmental Protection Agency kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizibulali-zinambuzane, izibulali-zinambuzane zentloko, iishampu zezilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nezitshizi, kunye nezinye iimveliso zokulawula izinambuzane zangaphakathi nangaphandle kwaye zithathwa njengezikhuselekileyo.
“Nangona kuvele iipyrethroids ezingaphezu kwe-1,000, kukho izibulali-zinambuzane zepyrethroid ezilishumi elinesibini kuphela kwimarike yase-US, ezifana ne-permethrin, i-cypermethrin, i-deltamethrin kunye ne-cyfluthrin,” iqela likaBao licacisile, longeza ngelithi ukusetyenziswa kweepyrethroids “kwandile.” “Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, imeko iye yaba mandundu kakhulu ngenxa yokuyekiswa kancinci kancinci kokusetyenziswa kwee-organophosphates kwiindawo zokuhlala.”
Kwingxelo ehamba nayo, uStephen Stellman, Ph.D., MPH, kunye noJean Mager Stellman, Ph.D., beYunivesithi yaseColumbia eNew York, baphawula ukuba iipyrethroids “zezona zibulala-zinambuzane zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, zifikelela kumawaka eekhilogram kunye namashumi ezigidi zeedola zaseMelika.” Intengiso yase-US ngeedola zaseMelika.
Ngaphezu koko, “izibulali-zinambuzane ze-pyrethroid zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo kwaye ukuvezwa kwazo akunakuphepheka,” babhala. Akuyongxaki nje kuphela kubasebenzi basefama: “Ukutshiza iingcongconi emoyeni ukulawula intsholongwane yaseWest Nile kunye nezinye izifo ezithwalwa zizinambuzane eNew York nakwezinye iindawo kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi-pyrethroid,” uphawula uStelmans.
Olu phononongo luhlolisise iziphumo zabantu abadala abangaphezu kwama-2,000 abathathe inxaxheba kwiprojekthi ye-NHANES ka-1999–2000 abaye bavavanywa ngokwasemzimbeni, baqokelela iisampulu zegazi, baza baphendula imibuzo yophando. Ukuvezwa kwe-pyrethroid kwalinganiswa ngamanqanaba omchamo we-3-phenoxybenzoic acid, i-metabolite ye-pyrethroid, kwaye abathathi-nxaxheba bahlulwe baba ngama-tertiles okuvezwa.
Ngexesha lokulandelelana kweminyaka eli-14, abantu abangama-246 bafa: abangama-52 ngenxa yomhlaza kunye nabangama-41 ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo.
Ngokomndilili, abantu abamnyama abangengabo amaHispanic babechatshazelwa kakhulu yi-pyrethroids kunamaHispanic kunye nabamhlophe abangengabo amaHispanic. Abantu abanemivuzo ephantsi, amanqanaba aphantsi emfundo, kunye nomgangatho wokutya ophantsi nabo babechatshazelwa kakhulu yi-pyrethroid.
UStellman kunye noStellman bagxininise "ubomi obufutshane kakhulu" be-pyrethroid biomarkers, umyinge weeyure ezi-5.7 kuphela.
“Ubukho bamanqanaba abonakalayo ee-metabolites ze-pyrethroid ezisuswa ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezinkulu, ezahlukeneyo ngokweendawo zibonisa ukuvezwa kwexesha elide kwaye kwenza kubaluleke ukuchonga imithombo ethile yokusingqongileyo,” baphawule.
Nangona kunjalo, baqaphele nokuba ngenxa yokuba abathathi-nxaxheba kolu phando babesebancinci ngeminyaka (iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-59), kunzima ukuqikelela ngokupheleleyo ubukhulu bonxulumano nokufa kwabantu abanezifo zentliziyo.
Nangona kunjalo, "i-quotient enobungozi obungaqhelekanga" ifuna uphando oluthe kratya malunga nezi khemikhali kunye neengozi zazo ezinokubakho kwimpilo yoluntu, batsho uStellman noStellman.
Omnye umda wolu phononongo, ngokutsho kwababhali, kukusetyenziswa kweesampuli zomchamo wasendle ukulinganisa ii-metabolites ze-pyrethroid, ezisenokungabonisi utshintsho ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungahlelwani kakuhle kokuvezwa rhoqo kwi-pyrethroid pesticides.
UKristen Monaco ngumbhali omkhulu ogxile kwi-endocrinology, i-psychiatry kunye neendaba ze-nephrology. Usebenza kwi-ofisi yaseNew York kwaye ebekule nkampani ukusukela ngo-2015.
Olu phando luxhaswe yiNational Institutes of Health (NIH) ngeYunivesithi yase-Iowa Environmental Health Research Center.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-26-2023