I-Florfenicolyi-monofluoro derivative eyenziweyo ye-thiamphenicol, ifomula yemolekyuli yi-C12H14Cl2FNO4S, umgubo omhlophe okanye omhlophe ongekho mhlophe, awunavumba, unyibilika kancinci emanzini nakwi-chloroform, unyibilika kancinci kwi-glacial acetic acid, unyibilika kwi-Methanol, i-ethanol. Yi-antibiotic entsha ye-chloramphenicol ebanzi yokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana, eyaphuhliswa ngempumelelo ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980.
Yaqala ukuthengiswa eJapan ngo-1990. Ngo-1993, iNorway yavuma ukuba iyeza lokunyanga i-salmon. Ngo-1995, iFrance, i-United Kingdom, i-Austria, iMexico kunye neSpain zavuma ukuba iyeza lokunyanga izifo zebhaktiriya zokuphefumla zenkomo. Ikwavunyiwe ukuba isetyenziswe njengesongezelelo sokondla iihagu eJapan naseMexico ukuthintela nokunyanga izifo zebhaktiriya kwiihagu, kwaye iChina ngoku ivumile ukuba iyeza.
Liyeza le-antibiotic, elivelisa isiphumo se-bacteriostatic se-spectrum ebanzi ngokuthintela umsebenzi we-peptidyltransferase, kwaye line-spectrum ebanzi ye-antibacterial, kuquka neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-antibiotics.I-gram-positivekunye neentsholongwane ezimbi kunye ne-mycoplasma. Iintsholongwane ezinobuzaza ziquka i-bovine kunye ne-porcine Haemophilus,I-Shigella dysenteriae, I-Salmonella, i-Escherichia coli, i-Pneumococcus, i-Influenza bacillus, i-Streptococcus, i-Staphylococcus aureus, i-Chlamydia, i-Leptospira, i-Rickettsia, njl. Le mveliso inokusasaza kwiiseli zebhaktiriya ngokunyibilika kwamafutha, isebenza ikakhulu kwi-subunit yama-50s ye-ribosome yebhaktiriya yama-70s, ithintela i-transpeptidase, ithintela ukukhula kwe-peptidase, ithintela ukwakheka kwee-peptide chains, ngaloo ndlela ithintela ukwenziwa kweproteni, ifezekise injongo ye-Antibacterial. Le mveliso ifunxwa ngokukhawuleza kukusetyenziswa ngomlomo, isasazwa ngokubanzi, inobomi obude besiqingatha, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweziyobisi egazini, kunye nexesha elide lokugcinwa kweziyobisi egazini.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iifama ezininzi zeehagu ezincinci neziphakathi ziye zasebenzisa i-florfenicol ukunyanga nokuba imeko yeehagu injani na, kwaye zisebenzise i-florfenicol njengeyeza lomlingo. Enyanisweni, oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Inefuthe elihle lokunyanga izifo zeehagu ezibangelwa yibhaktheriya ene-Gram-positive ne-negative kunye ne-mycoplasma, ingakumbi emva kokudityaniswa kwe-florfenicol kunye ne-doxycycline, isiphumo siyanda, kwaye siyasebenza ekunyangeni i-porcine thoracic pigeon atrophic rhinitis chain. I-Cocci, njl. njl. inefuthe elihle lokunyanga.
Nangona kunjalo, isizathu sokuba kuyingozi ukusebenzisa i-florfenicol rhoqo kukuba kukho iziphumo ezininzi ezingalindelekanga ze-florfenicol, kwaye ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwe-florfenicol kwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba kulunge. Umzekelo, abahlobo beehagu akufuneki bawatyeshele la manqaku.
1. Ukuba kukho izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ezifana ne-pseudorabies, i-swine fever ene-blue ear ring kwifama yeehagu, ukusetyenziswa kwe-florfenicol kunyango kuya kuba yinxalenye yezi zifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane, ngoko ke ukuba ezi zifo zingasentla zisulelekile kwaye zilandela. Xa usulelwe zezinye izifo zeehagu, musa ukusebenzisa i-florfenicol kunyango, iya kusenza sibe mandundu esi sifo.
2. I-Florfenicol iya kuphazamisa inkqubo yethu ye-hematopoietic kwaye ithintele ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwi-bone mongo, ingakumbi ukuba iihagu zethu ezincancisayo zineendawo ezibandayo okanye ezidumbileyo. Umbala weenwele zehagu awubonakali kakuhle, iinwele eziqhotsiweyo, kodwa ubonisa neempawu ze-anemia, iya kwenza ihagu ingatyi ixesha elide, yenze ihagu eqinileyo.
3. I-Florfenicol inetyhefu kwi-embryo. Ukuba i-florfenicol isetyenziswa rhoqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwiimazi zeehagu, amantshontsho aphumayo aya kungasebenzi.
4. Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwe-florfenicol kuya kubangela iingxaki zesisu kunye norhudo kwiihagu.
5. Kulula ukubangela usulelo lwesibini, olufana ne-exudative dermatitis ebangelwa lusulelo lwe-staphylococcus kwiihagu okanye usulelo lwesibini lwe-fungal dermatitis.
Ngamafutshane, i-florfenicol akufuneki isetyenziswe njengeyeza eliqhelekileyo. Xa sisebenzisa ezinye ii-antibiotics ezingasebenzi kakuhle kwaye zixutyiwe (i-expel virus), singasebenzisa i-florfenicol kunye ne-doxycycline ecaleni. I-acupuncture isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezinganyangekiyo, kwaye ayikhuthazwa kwezinye iimeko.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-14-2022