I-fungicide

I-fungicide, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-antimycotic, nayiphi na into eyityhefu esetyenziselwa ukubulala okanyethintelaukukhula kweumngundo.Imichiza yokungunda isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulawuleni umngundo weparasitic onokuthi ubangele umonakalo kwezoqoqoshoisityalookanye izityalo zokuhombisa okanye ukubeka engoziniimpilozezilwanyana zasekhaya okanye abantu.Uninzi lwemichiza yokungunda yezolimo neyezitiya igalelwa njengezitshizi okanye uthuli.Imichiza yokungunda imbewu isetyenziswa njengesigqubuthelo esikhuselayo ngaphambiliukuntshula.I-systemic fungicides, okanye i-chemotherapeutants, igalelwa kwizityalo, apho ziye zisasazwe kuyo yonke izicubu kwaye zisebenzephelisaisifo esikhoyo okanye ukukhusela kwisifo esinokwenzeka.Kubantu kunyeiyeza lonyango lwezilwanyana,ikhemisizidla ngokusetyenziswa njengeekhrimu ze-antifungal okanye zinikwa njengamayeza athathwa ngomlomo.

Umxube weBordeaux, ulwelo oluyilwe ngekalika emanzi, icopper sulfate, namanzi, yayiyenye yezona zibulali zifo zokuqala zokungunda.Umxube weBordeaux kunye nomxube weBurgundy, ngokufanayoukwakheka, zisasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukunyanga imithi yebhoma.Ubheduiikhompawundikwayeisulfureziye zasetyenziswa kwizityalo ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye njengendibaniselwano, kwaye ezinye zithathwa njengezifanelekileyoukulima ngendalo.Ezinye izibulali zifo zokungunda ziquka i-oyile ye-neem, ioli ye-horticultural, kunye ne-bicarbonates.Ukwenziwaiikhompawundi eziphilayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuba zinika ukhuseleko kunye nolawulo kwiintlobo ezininzi zokungunda kwaye zikhethekileyo ekusetyenzisweni.

I-Cadmium chloride kunye ne-cadmium succinate zisetyenziselwa ukulawulaingca eluhlazaizifo.IMercury(II) ikloridi, okanyesublimate edlekayo, ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa njengediphu ukunyangaiiglowubhukwayeimibhobho;iyityhefu kakhulu ebantwini.Iikhompawundi ze-Strobilurin zisetyenziselwa ukulima kwezoshishino ukubulala iintlobo ezahlukeneyoukungunda,ukungunda, kwayeimihlwa.Ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha ukubulala umngundo ziqukaikloropicrin,i-methyl bromide, kwayei-formaldehyde, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwezi zibulali zinambuzane kulawulwa okanye kuvaliwe kumazwe amaninzi.Izinto ezininzi ze-antifungal zenzeka ngokwendaloisityaloizicubu.Creosote, efunyenwe kwiitela yomthiokanyeitela yamalahle, isetyenziselwa ukuthintelaukubola okomileyoemthini.

Iifungicides zibulala i-pathogenic okanye i-parasitic fungi ngokuphazamisa iinkqubo zabo ezibalulekileyo zeselula.Umzekelo, imichiza yokungunda emininzi ibophelela ngokungqalileyoii-enzymesukuphazamisa iindlela zemetabolism ezibandakanyekayoukuphefumla kweselula.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kunjaloimichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula,amayeza okubulala izinambuzane, kwayeantibiotics, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwemichiza yokungunda kuye kwakhokelela ekubeniindalekoukuxhathisa kwiintlobo ezithile zokungunda.Ukunganyangeki kwefungicide, apho inani lomngundo libonisa ukuncipha kobuntununtunu kwi-fungicide enikiweyo, ingenzeka ngokukhawuleza, njengoko umngundo omnye unokuvelisa izigidi zezilwanyana.iimbewu.