Ukukhula kwezityaloiretarder iyimfuneko kwinkqubo yokutyalwa kwesityalo. Ngokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokukhula kokuzala kwezityalo, umgangatho ongcono kunye nesivuno esiphezulu sinokufumaneka. Izithinteli zokukhula kwezityalo ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka i-paclobutrazol, i-uniconazole, i-peptidomimetics, i-chlormethalin, njl. Njengohlobo olutsha lokukhula kwezityalo, i-prohexadione calcium ifumene ingqwalasela ebanzi kwiimarike kwiminyaka yamuva, kwaye inani lobhaliso liye landa ngokukhawuleza. Emva koko,paclobutrazol, i-niconazole, i-paroxamine, i-chlorhexidine, kunye ne-prohexadione calcium, yintoni umehluko kwizicelo zeemarike zezi mveliso?
(1) Iprohexadione calcium: Luhlobo olutsha lwezityalo ezinqanda ukukhula.
Umsebenzi kukuba unokuthintela i-GA1 kwi-gibberellin, unciphise i-stem elongation yezityalo, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ulawule ukukhula kwemilenze yezityalo. Kwangaxeshanye, ayinasiphumo kwi-GA4 elawula ukwahlulwa kwentyatyambo yesityalo kunye nophuhliso lweenkozo.
I-Prohexadione calcium yasungulwa e-Japan ngo-1994 njenge-acyl cyclohexanedione ukukhula kwe-retardant. Ukufumanisa i-prohexadione calcium ihluke kwi-quaternary ammonium salts (i-chameleon, i-mepinium), i-triazoles (i-paclobutrazol, i-alkene) I-retardants yokukhula kwezityalo ezifana ne-oxazole) yenze intsimi entsha ye-inhibition ye-late-stage inhibition ye-gibberellin biosynthesis, kwaye isetyenziswe kwi-Europe kunye nakwi-United States. Okwangoku, i-prohexadione-calcium ixhalabele kakhulu ngamashishini asekhaya, isizathu esona sizathu kukuba xa kuthelekiswa ne-triazole retarders, i-prohexadione-calcium ayinayo i-toxicity eseleyo kwizityalo ezijikelezayo, akukho ngcoliseko kwindalo, kwaye inenzuzo enamandla. Kwixesha elizayo, inokuthi ithathe indawo ye-triazole retardants, kwaye inethuba elibanzi lokusebenzisa amasimi, imithi yeziqhamo, iintyatyambo, izixhobo zamayeza aseTshayina kunye nezityalo zoqoqosho.
(2) I-Paclobutrazol: I-inhibitor yezityalo ze-gibberellic acid engapheliyo. Ineempembelelo zokulibazisa ukukhula kwezityalo, inqanda ukolulwa kwesikhondo sesityalo, yenza mfutshane i-internodes, ikhuthaza ukulima, ukwandisa ukumelana noxinzelelo lwezityalo, ikhuthaza ukwahluka kwentyatyambo nokwandisa isivuno. I-Paclobutrazol ifanelekile kwizityalo ezifana nelayisi, ingqolowa, i-peanuts, imithi yeziqhamo, i-soya, i-lawn, njl., kwaye inempembelelo ephawulekayo yokulawula ukukhula.
Imiphumo emibi ye-paclobutrazol: Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubangela izityalo ezincinci, iingcambu ezigwenxa kunye ne-tubers, amaqabunga aphihliwe, iintyatyambo ezingenasiphelo, ukuchithwa kwangaphambili kwamagqabi amadala kwisiseko, kunye nokuphonswa kunye nokuncipha kwamagqabi amancinci. Ngenxa yexesha elide lokuphumelela kwepaclobutrazol, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kuya kuhlala emhlabeni, kwaye kuya kubangela i-phytotoxicity kwisityalo esilandelayo, kubangele kungabikho zithole, ukuhluma kade, izinga eliphantsi lokuhluma kwezithole, kunye nokukhubazeka kwezithole kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-phytotoxic.
(3) I-Uniconazole: Kwakhona i-inhibitor ye-gibberellin. Inemisebenzi yokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo, ukwenza mfutshane ii-internodes, ukwenza izityalo zibe ncinane, ikhuthaze ukukhula kwamathupha asecaleni kunye nokwahlulahlula kwamathupha entyatyambo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuxhathisa koxinzelelo. Ngenxa yebhondi ye-carbon double bond ye-paclobutrazol, umsebenzi wayo we-biological kunye neyeza zonyango zi-6 kumaxesha e-10 kunye ne-4 ukuya kwi-10 ngamaxesha aphezulu kune-paclobutrazol, ngokulandelanayo, kunye nexabiso eliseleyo emhlabeni kuphela malunga nekota ye-paclobutrazol, kunye nokusebenza kwayo I-efficacy yayo I-10 impembelelo ye-decay ye-substance i-5 kuphela, kunye nefuthe lokubola ngokukhawuleza. paclobutrazol.
Imiphumo emibi ye-uniconazole: xa isetyenziswe kwiidosi ezigqithisileyo, iya kubangela i-phytotoxicity, ibangele ukutshisa kwezityalo, ukubuna, ukukhula kakubi, ukukhubazeka kwamagqabi, amaqabunga awelayo, iintyatyambo eziwayo, iziqhamo eziwayo, ukuvuthwa kwexesha elide, njl.
(4) I-Peptidamine (i-Mepinium): I-inhibitor ye-gibberellin. Inokuphucula ukwakheka kwechlorophyll, isityalo somelele, sinokufunxwa ngamagqabi kunye neengcambu zesityalo, kwaye sidluliselwe kwisityalo sonke, ngaloo ndlela inqanda ukwanda kweeseli kunye nokulawula kwe-apical, kwaye inokunciphisa i-internodes kwaye yenze uhlobo lwesityalo lube lukhuni. Inokulibazisa ukukhula kwesityalo, ithintele ekuchumeni kwesityalo, kwaye ilibazise ukutywinwa. I-Peptamine inokuphucula ukuzinza kweembrane zeseli kunye nokwandisa ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo lwezityalo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-paclobutrazol kunye ne-uniconazole, inezixhobo zonyango ezinobunzima, akukho ukucaphuka, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu. Inokusetyenziswa ngokusisiseko kuwo onke amaxesha ezityalo, nakwinqanaba lezithole kunye neentyantyambo xa izityalo zinovelwano kakhulu kumachiza. , kwaye ngokusisiseko akukho miphumo emibi.
(5) I-Chlormetrodin: Ifezekisa umphumo wokulawula ukuxhatshazwa ngokuthintela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-gibberellin engapheliyo. I-Chlormetrodin inefuthe elilawulayo ekukhuleni kwezityalo, ibhalansisa ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokukhula kokuzala, iphucula ukuthunyelwa kwepollini kunye nezinga lokumisela iziqhamo, kwaye inyusa ukulima okusebenzayo. Ukulibaziseka kobude beeseli, izityalo ezincinci, izikhondo ezomeleleyo, kunye nokunciphisa i-internodes.
Eyahlukileyo kwi-paclobutrazol kunye ne-mepiperonium, i-paclobutrazol isoloko isetyenziswe kwinqanaba le-seedling kunye nesigaba esitsha sokudubula, kwaye inefuthe elihle kumantongomane, kodwa umphumo kwizityalo zasekwindla nasebusika ziqhelekileyo; Kwizityalo ezimfutshane, ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwekloromethalin kuya kudla ngokubangela ukushwabana kwesityalo kwaye kunzima ukuthomalalisa i-phytotoxicity; i-mepiperinium inobulali, kwaye inokukhululeka ngokutshiza i-gibberellin okanye ukunkcenkceshela ukunyusa ukuchuma emva kwe-phytotoxicity.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-19-2022