Ukukhula kwezityaloiretarder iyimfuneko kwinkqubo yokutyalwa kwesityalo.Ngokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokukhula kokuzala kwezityalo, umgangatho ongcono kunye nesivuno esiphezulu sinokufumaneka.Izithinteli zokukhula kwezityalo ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka i-paclobutrazol, i-uniconazole, i-peptidomimetics, i-chlormethalin, njl. Njengohlobo olutsha lokukhula kwezityalo, i-prohexadione calcium ifumene ingqwalasela ebanzi kwiimarike kwiminyaka yamuva, kwaye inani lobhaliso liye landa ngokukhawuleza.Emva koko,paclobutrazol, i-niconazole, i-paroxamine, i-chlorhexidine, kunye ne-prohexadione calcium, yintoni umehluko kwizicelo zeemarike zezi mveliso?
(1) Iprohexadione calcium: Luhlobo olutsha lwezityalo ezinqanda ukukhula.
Umsebenzi kukuba unokuthintela i-GA1 kwi-gibberellin, unciphise i-stem elongation yezityalo, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ulawule ukukhula kwemilenze yezityalo.Kwangaxeshanye, ayinasiphumo kwi-GA4 elawula ukwahlulwa kwentyatyambo yesityalo kunye nophuhliso lweenkozo.
I-Prohexadione calcium yasungulwa e-Japan ngo-1994 njenge-acyl cyclohexanedione ukukhula kwe-retardant.Ukufumanisa i-prohexadione calcium ihluke kwi-quaternary ammonium salts (i-chameleon, i-mepinium), i-triazoles (i-paclobutrazol, i-alkene) I-retardants yokukhula kwezityalo ezifana ne-oxazole) yenze intsimi entsha yokuvinjelwa kwexesha elide le-gibberellin biosynthesis, kwaye iye yathengiswa. kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu naseUnited States.Okwangoku, i-prohexadione-calcium ixhalabele kakhulu ngamashishini asekhaya, isizathu esona sizathu kukuba xa kuthelekiswa ne-triazole retarders, i-prohexadione-calcium ayinayo i-toxicity eseleyo kwizityalo ezijikelezayo, akukho ngcoliseko kwindalo, kwaye inenzuzo enamandla.Kwixesha elizayo, inokuthi ithathe indawo ye-triazole retardants, kwaye inethuba elibanzi lokusebenzisa amasimi, imithi yeziqhamo, iintyatyambo, izixhobo zamayeza aseTshayina kunye nezityalo zoqoqosho.
(2) I-Paclobutrazol: I-inhibitor yezityalo ze-gibberellic acid engapheliyo.Ineempembelelo zokulibazisa ukukhula kwezityalo, inqanda ukolulwa kwesikhondo sesityalo, yenza mfutshane i-internodes, ikhuthaza ukulima, ukwandisa ukumelana noxinzelelo lwezityalo, ikhuthaza ukwahluka kwentyatyambo nokwandisa isivuno.I-Paclobutrazol ifanelekile kwizityalo ezifana nelayisi, ingqolowa, i-peanuts, imithi yeziqhamo, i-soya, i-lawn, njl., kwaye inempembelelo ephawulekayo yokulawula ukukhula.
Imiphumo emibi ye-paclobutrazol: Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubangela izityalo ezincinci, iingcambu ezigwenxa kunye ne-tubers, amaqabunga aphihliwe, iintyatyambo ezingenasiphelo, ukuchithwa kwangaphambili kwamagqabi amadala kwisiseko, kunye nokuphonswa kunye nokuncipha kwamagqabi amancinci.Ngenxa yexesha elide lokuphumelela kwepaclobutrazol, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kuya kuhlala emhlabeni, kwaye kuya kubangela i-phytotoxicity kwisityalo esilandelayo, kubangele kungabikho zithole, ukuhluma kade, izinga eliphantsi lokuhluma kwezithole, kunye nokukhubazeka kwezithole kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-phytotoxic.
(3) I-Uniconazole: Kwakhona i-inhibitor ye-gibberellin.Inemisebenzi yokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo, ukwenza mfutshane ii-internodes, ukwenza izityalo zibe ncinane, ikhuthaze ukukhula kwamathupha asecaleni kunye nokwahlulahlula kwamathupha entyatyambo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuxhathisa koxinzelelo.Ngenxa yebhondi ye-carbon double bond ye-paclobutrazol, umsebenzi wayo we-biological kunye neyeza zonyango zi-6 kumaxesha e-10 kunye ne-4 ukuya kwi-10 amaxesha aphakamileyo ngaphezu kwe-paclobutrazol, ngokulandelanayo, kunye nenani eliseleyo emhlabeni kuphela malunga nekota ye-paclobutrazol, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo Izinga lokubola likhawuleza, kwaye impembelelo kwizityalo ezilandelayo kuphela i-1/5 ye-paclobutrazol.
Imiphumo emibi ye-uniconazole: xa isetyenziswe kwiidosi ezigqithisileyo, iya kubangela i-phytotoxicity, ibangele ukutshisa kwezityalo, ukubuna, ukukhula okungahambi kakuhle, ukukhubazeka kwamagqabi, amaqabunga awelayo, iintyatyambo eziwayo, iziqhamo eziwayo, ukuvuthwa kwexesha, njl., kunye nokusetyenziswa kwinqanaba lezityalo zemifuno. kuya kuchaphazela ukukhula kwezithole , Kwakhona inetyhefu kwintlanzi kwaye ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwiintlanzi zentlanzi kunye nezinye iifama zezilwanyana zasemanzini.
(4) I-Peptidamine (i-Mepinium): I-inhibitor ye-gibberellin.Inokuphucula ukwakheka kwe-chlorophyll, isityalo somelele, sinokufunxwa ngamagqabi kunye neengcambu zesityalo, kwaye sidluliselwe kwisityalo sonke, ngaloo ndlela inqanda ukwanda kweeseli kunye nokulawula kwe-apical, kwaye inokunciphisa i-internodes kwaye yenze isityalo. chwetheza compact.Inokulibazisa ukukhula kwesityalo, ithintele ekuchumeni kwesityalo, kwaye ilibazise ukutywinwa.I-Peptamine inokuphucula ukuzinza kweembrane zeseli kunye nokwandisa ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo lwezityalo.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-paclobutrazol kunye ne-uniconazole, inezixhobo zonyango ezinobunzima, akukho ukucaphuka, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.Inokusetyenziswa ngokusisiseko kuwo onke amaxesha ezityalo, nakwinqanaba lezithole kunye neentyantyambo xa izityalo zinovelwano kakhulu kumachiza., kwaye ngokusisiseko akukho miphumo emibi.
(5) I-Chlormetrodin: Ifezekisa umphumo wokulawula ukuxhatshazwa ngokuthintela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-gibberellin engapheliyo.I-Chlormetrodin inefuthe elilawulayo ekukhuleni kwezityalo, ibhalansisa ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokukhula kokuzala, iphucula ukuthunyelwa kwepollini kunye nezinga lokumisela iziqhamo, kwaye inyusa ukulima okusebenzayo.Ukulibaziseka kobude beeseli, izityalo ezincinci, izikhondo ezomeleleyo, kunye nokunciphisa i-internodes.
Eyahlukileyo kwi-paclobutrazol kunye ne-mepiperonium, i-paclobutrazol isoloko isetyenziswe kwinqanaba le-seedling kunye nesigaba esitsha sokudubula, kwaye inefuthe elihle kumantongomane, kodwa umphumo kwizityalo zasekwindla nasebusika ziqhelekileyo;Kwizityalo ezimfutshane, ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwekloromethalin kuya kudla ngokubangela ukushwabana kwesityalo kwaye kunzima ukuthomalalisa i-phytotoxicity;i-mepiperinium inobulali, kwaye inokukhululeka ngokutshiza i-gibberellin okanye ukunkcenkceshela ukunyusa ukuchuma emva kwe-phytotoxicity.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-19-2022