I-Florfenicolyi-antibiotic ebanzi, enefuthe elihle lokuthintela iintsholongwane zeGram-positive kunye neentsholongwane ezimbi. Ke ngoko, iifama ezininzi zeehagu zisebenzisa i-florfenicol rhoqo ukuthintela okanye ukunyanga iihagu xa kukho izifo ezixhaphakileyo. Abasebenzi bezilwanyana kwezinye iifama zeehagu basebenzisa idosi ephezulu ye-florfenicol ukunyanga okanye ukuthintela izifo nokuba zeziphi na izifo, nokuba zeziphi na iqela okanye inqanaba. I-Florfenicol ayisiyonto yokunyanga, kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo ukufezekisa isiphumo esifunekayo. Ngezantsi sizazisa ingqiqo eqhelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwe-florfenicol ngokweenkcukacha, sinethemba lokuba inokunceda uninzi lwabalimi beehagu:
1. Iimpawu zokulwa neentsholongwanei-florfenicol
1. Ine-spectrum ebanzi kakhulu yokulwa neentsholongwane, kwaye inefuthe elinamandla lokubulala iintsholongwane zeGram-positive kunye neentsholongwane ezingezizo zeGram, kunye neentsholongwane zeGram-positive kunye nee-spirochetes ezingezizo zeGram, iRickettsia, iAmoeba, njl. Ifuthe elinamandla lokulwa neentsholongwane.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-in vitro kunye nolwe-in vivo lubonisa ukuba umsebenzi wayo wokulwa neentsholongwane ungcono kakhulu kunamayeza okulwa neentsholongwane akhoyo ngoku.
3. Isebenza ngokukhawuleza, i-florfenicol inokufikelela kuxinzelelo lokunyanga egazini iyure e-1 emva kokufakwa kwi-intramuscular, kwaye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweyeza lunokufikelela kwiiyure eziyi-1.5-3; uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lweyeza egazini olusebenza ixesha elide lunokugcinwa iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-20 emva kokusetyenziswa kanye.
4. Ingangena kumqobo wegazi-ubuchopho, kwaye isiphumo sayo sonyango kwi-meningitis yebhaktiriya yezilwanyana asinakuthelekiswa nezinye iziyobisi zokulwa neentsholongwane.
5. Ayinazo iityhefu okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga xa isetyenziswa ngomlinganiselo ocetyiswayo, yoyisa ingozi ye-aplastic anemia kunye nobunye ubuthi obubangelwa yi-thiamphenicol, kwaye ayibangeli monakalo kwizilwanyana nasekutyeni. Isetyenziselwa usulelo lweendawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba olubangelwa ziintsholongwane kwizilwanyana. Unyango, oluquka ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga izifo zokuphefumla zebhaktheriya, i-meningitis, i-pleurisy, i-mastitis, usulelo lwamathumbu kunye nesifo se-postpartum syndrome kwiingulube.
2. Iibhaktheriya ezichaphazeleka lulai-florfenicol
1. Izifo zeehagu apho i-florfenicol ikhethwa khona
Le mveliso iyacetyiswa njengeyeza elikhethwayo kwi-pig pneumonia, i-porcine infectious pleuropneumonia kunye nesifo se-Haemophilus parasuis, ingakumbi kunyango lweebhaktheriya ezinganyangekiyo kwi-fluoroquinolones kunye nezinye ii-antibiotics.
2. I-Florfenicol ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zehagu ezilandelayo
Ingasetyenziselwa nokunyanga izifo zokuphefumla ezibangelwa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeStreptococcus (pneumonia), iBordetella bronchiseptica (atrophic rhinitis), iMycoplasma pneumoniae (i-swine asthma), njl.njl.; isalmonellosis (i-piglet paratyphoid), i-colibacillosis (i-piglet asthma) Izifo zendlela yokugaya ukutya ezifana ne-enteritis ebangelwa lurhudo olutyheli, urhudo olumhlophe, isifo se-piglet edema) kunye nezinye iintsholongwane ezinobuthathaka. I-Florfenicol ingasetyenziselwa unyango lwezi zifo zehagu, kodwa ayisiyo iyeza elikhethwayo kwezi zifo zehagu, ngoko ke kufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo.
3. Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwei-florfenicol
1. Idosi inkulu kakhulu okanye incinci kakhulu. Iidosi ezinkulu ziyingozi, kwaye iidosi ezincinci azisebenzi..
2. ixesha lide kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuthintelwa.
3.ukusetyenziswa kwezinto, iimpazamo zesigaba. Iimazi ezikhulelweyo kunye neehagu ezityebileyo zisebenzisa amayeza anjalo ngokungakhethiyo, okubangela ityhefu okanye iintsalela zamayeza, okubangela imveliso nokutya okungakhuselekanga.
4. Ukuhambelana okungafanelekanga. Abanye abantu badla ngokusebenzisa i-florfenicol xa beyidibanisa ne-sulfonamides kunye ne-cephalosporins. Kubalulekile ukuphonononga ukuba ingaba ingokwesayensi kwaye ifanelekile na.
5. Ukutya okuxutyiweyo akuxutywanga ngokulinganayo, nto leyo engabangela ukuba kungabikho mpembelelo yetyhefu yeziyobisi okanye yeziyobisi.
Okwesine, ukusetyenziswai-florfenicolukulumkela
1. Le mveliso akufuneki isetyenziswe kunye nee-macrolides, ii-lincosamides kunye nee-diterpenoid semi-synthetic antibiotics - i-Tiamulin, enokubangela iziphumo ezichaseneyo xa isetyenziswa kunye..
2. Le mveliso ayinakusetyenziswa kunyeβ-i-lactone amines kunye ne-fluoroquinolones, kuba le mveliso yiarhente yebhakteriostatic esebenza ngokukhawuleza ethintela ukwenziwa kweproteni yebhakteria, kwaye le yokugqibela yibhakteria esebenza ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuzala. Phantsi kwesenzo sale yokuqala, ukwenziwa kweproteni yebhakteria kuyathintelwa ngokukhawuleza, iibhakteria ziyayeka ukukhula nokwanda, kwaye isiphumo sebhakteria sale yokugqibela siyabuthathaka. Ke ngoko, xa unyango lufuna ukuba nesiphumo sokubulala iintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza, alunakusetyenziswa kunye.
3. Le mveliso ayinakuxutywa ne-sulfadiazine sodium ukuze ijojwe ngaphakathi kwimithambo. Akufanele isetyenziswe kunye namayeza e-alkaline xa ijojwa ngomlomo okanye ngemithambo, ukuze kuthintelwe ukubola nokungaphumeleli. Ayifanelekanga ukuba ijojwe ngaphakathi kwimithambo kunye ne-tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme A, njl.njl., ukuze kuthintelwe ukuna kwemvula kunye nokuncipha kokusebenza kakuhle.
4. Ukuwohloka kwemisipha kunye ne-necrosis kunokubangela emva kokufakwa kwi-intramuscular injection. Ke ngoko, ingafakwa ngokutshintshana kwimisipha enzulu yentamo kunye neempundu, kwaye akucetyiswa ukuba kuphindwe injection kwindawo enye.
5. Ekubeni le mveliso inokuba netyhefu kwi-embryonic, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo kwiimazi ezikhulelweyo nezincancisayo.
6. Xa ubushushu bomzimba weehagu ezigulayo buphezulu, bungasetyenziswa kunye ne-antipyretic analgesics kunye ne-dexamethasone, kwaye umphumo uba ngcono..
7. Ekuthinteleni nasekunyangeni i-porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC), abanye abantu bacebisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-florfenicol kunye ne-amoxicillin, i-florfenicol kunye ne-tylosin, kunye ne-florfenicol kunye ne-tylosin, into engafanelekanga. , kuba ngokwembono ye-pharmacological, ezi zimbini azinakusetyenziswa kunye. Nangona kunjalo, i-florfenicol ingasetyenziswa kunye ne-tetracyclines ezifana ne-doxycycline..
8. Le mveliso inetyhefu ye-hematological. Nangona ingayi kubangela i-bone marrow aplastic anemia, ukuthintelwa kwe-erythropoiesis ebuyiselwayo okubangelwa yiyo kuxhaphake kakhulu kune-chloramphenicol (ekhubazekileyo). Ayivumelekanga ngexesha lokugonywa okanye kwizilwanyana ezine-immunodeficiency enzima..
9. Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kunokubangela iingxaki zokugaya ukutya kunye nokungabikho kweevithamini okanye iimpawu zosulelo olukhulu..
10. Ekuthinteleni nasekunyangweni kwezifo zeehagu, kufuneka kuthathwe ingqalelo, kwaye iyeza kufuneka linikwe ngokwedosi emiselweyo kunye nendlela yonyango, kwaye akufuneki lisetyenziswe kakubi ukuze kuthintelwe imiphumo emibi..
11. Kwizilwanyana ezinengxaki yezintso, idosi mayincitshiswe okanye ixesha lokusetyenziswa lide landiswe..
12. Kwimeko yobushushu obuphantsi, kufunyaniswa ukuba izinga lokunyibilika licotha; okanye isisombululo esilungisiweyo sine-florfenicol, ukufudumeza okuncinci (kungabi ngaphezu kwama-45 degrees).℃), zonke zinokunyibilikiswa ngokukhawuleza. Isisombululo esilungisiweyo singcono sisetyenziswe zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-48..
Kukhuselekile kakhulu ukusebenzisa ifomu efanelekileyo yomthamo ngokwentshayelelo engentla kwaye ubhekisele kwidosi ecetyiswayo. Izilwanyana nganye zinokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya okwethutyana, ukuncipha kokungenisa amanzi okanye urhudo, iintlungu ezincinci kwindawo yokufakwa kwenaliti kwimisipha kunye neempendulo ezincinci zezicubu, zonke eziqhelekile kwaye zibuyele kwisiqhelo emva kokuyeka iyeza.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-28-2022