Igqwetha Jikelele leNkundla yoBulungisa ye-European Union likhuphe uluvo oluqinileyo lwezomthetho malunga nesigqibo seKhomishini yaseYurophu sowama-2021 sokwamkela kwakhona i-cypermethrin yesibulali-zinambuzane esiyingozi kakhulu. Igqwetha Jikelele liyaphikisana nezigqibo zeKhomishini yaseYurophu kunye neNkundla Jikelele ye-European Union kwaye licebisa ukuba izigqibo zangaphambili zeNkundla zixhaseimvume yesibulali-zinambuzane mayirhoxiswe.Uphakamisa imibuzo enzulu malunga novavanyo lomngcipheko lweKhomishini. Nangona olu luvo lungabophelelekanga ngokomthetho, lunefuthe elikhulu. Ngoko ke wathini kanye kanye uMmeli Jikelele?
Igqwetha Jikelele liqaphele ukuba ikomiti yenze izenzo ezine zokwaphulwa komthetho onzima wolawulo lomngcipheko, nto leyo ekhokelele ekuvunyweni kwakhona kwe-cypermethrin. Ngayinye kwezi zinto zokwaphulwa komthetho ibonisa ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela imfuneko yomthetho yokwenza uvavanyo olucokisekileyo, olungenamkhethe, nolwenzululwazi.
I-Cypermethrinngumxube wee-isomers ezinefomula efanayo yemolekyuli kodwa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. I-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) ichonge umsantsa obalulekileyo kwidatha yetyhefu yezi isomers. Enyanisweni, ishishini elibandakanyekayo lihlulekile ukubonelela ngedatha efunekayo. IKhomishini yaseYurophu ivumele lo msantsa wedatha ukuba ungasonjululwanga ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphinda igunyaziswe, iwuthatha njengolwazi "oluxhasayo" olunokungeniswa kamva. Igqwetha Jikelele liyichasa kakhulu le ndlela. Idatha esisiseko yetyhefu kufuneka igqitywe ngaphambi kokuba ivunywe. Idatha exhasayo ingasetyenziselwa kuphela ukongeza, kungekhona ukuzalisa, izikhewu ezibalulekileyo zedatha. Ukusilela kweKhomishini yaseYurophu ukufuna le datha kwangaphambili kuphula imithetho efanelekileyo.
IKhomishini yaseYurophu ayiphumelelanga ukubonelela ngovavanyo lwetyhefu enokubakho ixesha elide kunye nokuba yingozi komhlaza kwiifom zedosi eziqhelekileyo. Olu vavanyo luyimfuneko phantsi komthetho we-EU, kodwa iKhomishini iyala ngokuqhubekayo ukufaka idatha efunekayo kwinto ebizwa ngokuba "ngumlawuli weemfuno zedatha." Ngenxa yokunqongophala kolwazi olunjalo, iGunya loKhuseleko lokutya laseYurophu (i-EFSA) alizange lenze olu vavanyo. Xa libuzwa ukuba kutheni le ndlela yamkelekile, iKhomishini icaphule kuphela icandelo eliyimfihlo kwiingxelo eziqaliswe ngokutsha zaMazwe angamalungu. IGqwetha Jikelele aliqinisekanga. Ukuba le datha "efihliweyo" yayanele ngokwenene, iKhomishini kunye neNkundla Jikelele yeManyano yaseYurophu kufuneka bayihlolisise esidlangalaleni kwaye bachaze ukuba kutheni ukuthula kwe-EFSA kulo mba kunokungahoywa.
I-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) igqibe kwelokuba nangona kukho amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko, i-cypermethrin isabeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwizinto eziphilayo ezingajoliswanga kuzo. Nangona kunjalo, iKhomishini yaseYurophu ithi amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko kakhulu, njengokunciphisa ukukhukhuleka kwezibulali-zinambuzane ngama-95%, angayisombulula le ngxaki. I-EFSA ngaphambili yathi amanyathelo anjalo awasebenzi. Igqwetha Jikelele likholelwa ukuba isigqibo seKhomishini yaseYurophu sokujika uluvo lwe-EFSA asinasizathu sesayensi.
Enye inkxalabo ephambili ephakanyiswe yi-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) malunga ne-cypermethrin kukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ubuthi be-genotoxicity bokungcola okudweliswe kwidatha yobugcisa yemveliso. IKhomishini yaseYurophu yamkele isibhengezo saMazwe angamalungu angenise iingxelo zokuba isibhengezo "silingana" nesibhengezo esisetyenziswa kwizifundo ze-toxicology, kodwa iGqwetha Jikelele lathi esi sibhengezo asinakuqinisekiswa ngaphandle kokuqonda umahluko othile phakathi kwedatha yobugcisa.
Igqwetha Jikelele ligxininise rhoqo umgaqo olula kwimbono yalo: xa iKhomishini yaseYurophu irhoxisa uluvo lwesayensi oluvela kwiGunya loKhuseleko lokutya laseYurophu (i-EFSA), kufuneka inike ingcaciso efanelekileyo. Ukuba i-EFSA ibona umngcipheko wokubakho, iKhomishini yaseYurophu ayinakuthi nje “asivumelani” kodwa kufuneka ichaze izizathu zayo ngokusekelwe kulwazi lwesayensi kunye neenyaniso. Okubaluleke kakhulu, iKhomishini yaseYurophu ixhomekeke kakhulu kuluvo lweLizwe eliLungu (umlamli, eBelgium), nokuba olo luvo luyangqubana neembono ze-EFSA. Igqwetha Jikelele libona olu hlobo lomkhuba lungasekelwanga kwaye lungachanekanga ngokusemthethweni.
Umtshutshisi Jikelele ukwagxeke iKomiti ngokufihla ulwazi olubalulekileyo ekuvavanyweni kwale migaqo ngesizathu sokuba iyimfihlo. Uqaphele ukuba idatha malunga nokukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo kufuneka yenziwe esidlangalaleni. Le yinto ebalulekileyo kumthetho we-EU kunye noMthetho we-Aarhus.
Ezinye iingxoxo ezivezwe yiPan-European Union azixhaswanga yiGqwetha Jikelele. Umzekelo, uphikise ngelithi, ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufunekayo, bekungekho bungqina buqinisekisayo bokuba i-cypermethrin ineempawu zokuphazamisa i-endocrine.
Ezinye zezi ngxoxo ziphambili zinokutshintsha indlela yokuthathwa kwezigqibo zokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kwixesha elizayo, njengoko zimele imingeni edla ngokujongana nayo iKhomishini yaseYurophu xa ivuma ukugunyaziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane.
INkundla yoBulungisa yaseYurophu kulindeleke ukuba ikhuphe isigqibo sokugqibela ekupheleni kuka-2025. Ukuba isindululo seGqwetha Jikelele siyamkelwa, isigqibo seNkundla Jikelele siya kurhoxiswa. Emva koku, iKhomishini yaseYurophu kuya kufuneka iphinde iqwalasele impendulo yayo kwisicelo sethu sophononongo lwangaphakathi kwaye mhlawumbi iphinde iqwalasele kwakhona ukuvunywa kwe-cypermethrin.
I-Cypermethrin sisibulali-zinambuzane esenziwe nge-pyrethroid esinobuthi kakhulu kwiinyosi nakwizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini kwaye sirhanelwa ukuba siphazamisa i-endocrine ebantwini. Nangona kukho iilebheli ezicacileyo zesilumkiso ("iindawo ezixhalabisayo") kunye namaxwebhu angaphelelanga, iKhomishini yaseYurophu kunye naMazwe angamalungu ayo ayigunyazisile kwakhona le nto ngo-2021. I-PAN Europe yafaka isimangalo, isithi iKhomishini yaseYurophu ayiwunakanga umthetho we-EU, uvavanyo lwesayensi lwe-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), kunye nomgaqo wokhuseleko. Ngo-2024, iNkundla Jikelele ye-European Union yalichitha ityala elichasene nokugunyaziswa kwakhona kwe-cypermethrin[2], kwaye i-PAN Europe emva koko yabhenela kwiNkundla yoBulungisa yaseYurophu[3][4]. Ngokoluvo lwakhe namhlanje, uMtshutshisi Jikelele ucebise ukuba iNkundla yoBulungisa yaseYurophu irhoxise isigqibo seNkundla Jikelele.
I-Pesticide Action Network (PAN Europe) ibulela ngombulelo inkxaso-mali ebonelelwe yi-European Union, i-European Commission, i-Directorate-General for Environment, kunye ne-LIFE program. Ababhali bodwa banoxanduva lwale ncwadi, kwaye imibutho yenkxaso-mali ayithwali xanduva lwalo naluphi na uhlobo lokusetyenziswa kolwazi olukuyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-04-2026
