Imisebenzi, iziphumo kunye neendlela zokusebenzisa i-Enramycin

I-Enramyciniyaziwa njengehomoni yesithandathu ephambili yezityalo kwihlabathi liphela. Le nto ayikhuthazi nje kuphela ukukhula, kodwa ikwanomsebenzi wokulawula izinto ezifana ne-ethylene kunye ne-gibberellin. Yindlela ebanzi kwaye ilawula ukukhula kwezityalo esebenza kakuhle, enemisebenzi efana nokukhuthaza ukukhula, ukonyusa ukumelana, ukwandisa isivuno kunye nomgangatho, isiphumo sokusebenzisana kunye nokuphelisa umonakalo wezibulali-zinambuzane. Uphuhliso lwe-Enramycin eTshayina luhlale amashumi eminyaka kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo ezininzi ezinkulu ezifana nezityalo ezithwala ioyile, imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemifuno.

Imisebenzi kunye nemiphumo ye-Enramycin

I-Enramycin inokunyusa umxholo oluhlaza wamagqabi, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photosynthesis, kwaye incede ukuthuthwa kweemveliso ze-photosynthesis ngaphakathi kwisityalo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukukhusela iintyatyambo neziqhamo emva kokudubula kwemithi yeziqhamo, kunye nokulibazisa ukuguga kwamagqabi asebenzayo ngaphambi kwexesha emva kwesigaba sokuzalisa iinkozo zezityalo zengca, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukuhluma nokwandisa isivuno.

I-Enramycin inokunyusa ukumelana noxinzelelo lwezityalo, iphucule umgangatho wezityalo, yenze iziqhamo zifane kwaye zikhanye, yonyuse ubumnandi, kwaye incede ekusasazweni kwezondlo. Ikwakhuthaza ukuthuthwa kweemveliso ze-photosynthetic ukuya kwiziqhamo okanye imbewu, nto leyo eluncedo ekwandiseni isivuno kunye nomgangatho wesivuno.

Khuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu kunye nophuhliso lwezithole:

Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga imbewu okanye ukutshiza ngexesha lesigaba sokutyala imbewu, inefuthe elikhulu ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kweengcambu zezityalo ezifana neenkozo, imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye necuba. Ubunzima obutsha beengcambu bunyuswa ngama-20% ukuya kuma-50% xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo, kwaye ubunzima obomileyo bunyuswa ngama-15% ukuya kwi-107%. Oku kubangela iingcambu ezinzulu kunye namagqabi aluhlaza, kunye nezithole ezinamandla.

Khuthaza ukwahlukahlukana kwamahlumela eentyatyambo kwaye wonyuse izinga lokubekwa kweziqhamo:

I-Enramycin inokunyusa izinga lokuhluma kwe-pollen, ikhuthaze ukwanda kweetyhubhu ze-pollen, incedise ukuchumisa kwizityalo, ngaloo ndlela inyuse izinga lokuhluma kunye nokubekwa kweziqhamo. Ngokukodwa, inokuphucula iindawo ezibuthathaka zezityalo, ngaloo ndlela inyuse izinga lokuhluma phezulu. Ngexesha lokuvuthwa kwezityalo, inani kunye nobunzima beenkozo ziyanda, kwaye kwizityalo zeziqhamo, iziqhamo ziyalingana, nto leyo ephucula umgangatho wesivuno.

Khuthaza ukukhula kwaye womeleze ukumelana noxinzelelo:

I-Enramycin inemisebenzi emibini yokukhuthaza ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nokwandiswa kweeseli, kwaye inokunyusa umxholo we-chlorophyll kumagqabi, iphucule i-photosynthesis, inyuse ukuqokelelwa kweemveliso ze-photosynthetic. Emva kokungena kwisityalo, i-brassinolide ayigcini nje ngokuqinisa i-photosynthesis kwaye ikhuthaze ukukhula nophuhliso, kodwa ikwakhusela inkqubo ye-membrane yeeseli zezityalo, ivuselela umsebenzi wee-enzyme ezithile ezikhuselayo kwisityalo, ezinokunciphisa kakhulu umonakalo kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo ebangelwa zizinto ezinobungozi (ezifana ne-malondialdehyde) eziveliswa sisityalo phantsi kweemeko ezimbi. Ke ngoko, inefuthe elibalulekileyo lokukhuthaza ukukhula kwesondlo sezityalo kwaye inokunyusa isivuno sesivuno.

Ukunciphisa umonakalo wezinambuzane kunye nomonakalo weqabaka:

Xa usebenzisa amayeza okubulala ukhula, usebenzisa kakubi amayeza okubulala ukhula okanye amayeza okubulala izinambuzane, okanye usebenzisa umlinganiselo ongafanelekanga woxinzelelo, ungonakalisa izibulali-zinambuzane. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Enramycin ngexesha elifanelekileyoxa idityaniswe nezichumisi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokulawula ukuthuthwa kwezondlo, zongeze izondlo, kwaye zinciphise umonakalo kwizityalo obangelwa kukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezibulali zinambuzane. Ngenxa yesakhono sayo sokulawula esibalaseleyo, i-brassinolide inokunceda ngokukhawuleza izityalo ukuba ziphinde zikhule. Ikwanefuthe elikhulu ekuphuculeni ukumelana nokubanda kwezityalo.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Enramycin

I-Enramycin luhlobo olutsha lolawulo lokukhula kwezityalo eziluhlaza, oluhlala lusetyenziswa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo ezahlukeneyo zemifuno nezasemanzini. Njengoko i-Enramycin iyimveliso yeehomoni zezityalo, umlinganiselo wayo oqhelekileyo wokusetyenziswa ukhuselekile kwaye uyasebenza, utsala abalimi abaninzi ukuba bayisebenzise. I-Enramycin yendalo inokuphucula amandla omzimba wesityalo, inciphise usulelo lwezifo, kwaye yonyuse ukumelana nezifo zesityalo. (Umlinganiselo wesalathiso se-0.1% ye-Enramycin ngumama yi-8-30‰, oko kukuthi, yongeza iikhilogram eziyi-8-30 ngetoni nganye ye-fungicide, kwaye uxinaniso olucetyiswayo lokusetyenziswa kwentsimi yi-0.01 ppm) I-Enramycin yendalo ingasetyenziswa kunye nezinye izibulali-zinambuzane ezininzi, kungekuphela nje ukwandisa uluhlu lwamayeza, kodwa nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza, ukuthintela umonakalo wezinambuzane ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kunye nokukhuthaza izityalo ezonakeleyo ukuba ziphinde zikhule ngokukhawuleza phantsi kolawulo lwe-Enramycin yendalo. (Idosi esetyenziswayo ye-0.1% ye-brassinolide ngumama yi-1-5‰, oko kukuthi, yongeza i-1-5 yeekhilogram zayo ngetoni nganye ye-fungicide, kwaye uxinaniso olucetyiswayo lokusetyenziswa kwentsimi yi-0.01 ppm.)