Kwiminyaka engama-20 edluleyo, amayeza ococeko elizwe lam aphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza.Okokuqala, ngenxa yokwaziswa kweentlobo ezininzi ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili obuvela phesheya, kwaye okwesibini, iinzame zeeyunithi zasekhaya ezifanelekileyo zenze ukuba uninzi lwezinto eziphambili kunye neefom zedosi yezinambuzane ezicocekileyo ziveliswe.kunye nokukhankanya umgangatho ophezulu kunye nophuhliso lweentlobo ezintsha zophuhliso lwamachiza.Nangona zininzi iintlobo zezixhobo ezikrwada zezibulali zinambuzane, ngokubhekiselele kwimichiza yococeko, iipyrethroids isezezona zisetyenziswayo ngoku.Ngenxa yokuba izinambuzane ziye zaphuhlisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okumelana ne-pyrethroids kwezinye iindawo, kwaye kukho ukuchasana okuphambene, okuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwayo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ineenzuzo ezininzi ezizodwa ezifana netyhefu ephantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, kunzima ukutshintshwa kwezinye iindidi ngexesha elithile.Iintlobo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-tetramethrin, i-Es-bio-allethrin, i-d-allethrin, i-methothrin, i-pyrethrin, i-permethrin, i-cypermethrin, i-beta-cypermethrin, i-deltamethrin kunye ne-dextramethrin ecebileyo Allethrin njl. Phakathi kwabo, i-D-trans allethrin ecebileyo iphuhliswa ngokuzimeleyo kwaye iveliswa ngokuzimeleyo ilizwe lam.Inxalenye ye-asidi ye-allethrin eqhelekileyo ihlukaniswe kwi-cis kunye ne-isomers ye-trans kunye ne-isomers ekhohlo nasekunene iyahlukana ukuze ikhulise umlinganiselo womzimba wayo osebenzayo, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusebenza kweMveliso.Ngelo xesha, umzimba ongasebenziyo uguqulwa ube ngumzimba osebenzayo, unciphisa ngakumbi iindleko.Iphawula ukuba ukuveliswa kwe-pyrethroids kwilizwe lam kungene kwintsimi yophuhliso oluzimeleyo kunye nokungena kwintsimi ye-stereochemistry kunye ne-high optical activity technology.I-Dichlorvos phakathi kwezibulali-zinambuzane ze-organophosphorus lolona hlobo lunesivuno esikhulu kunye nesicelo esibanzi ngenxa yesiphumo esinamandla sokuwisa, amandla okubulala anamandla kunye nomsebenzi wokuguquguquka kwendalo, kodwa i-DDVP kunye ne-chlorpyrifos zithintelwe ekusebenziseni.Kwi-1999, i-Hunan Research Institute ye-Chemical Industry, ngokwengcebiso ye-WHO, yavelisa i-wide-spectrum, i-insecticide ekhawulezayo kunye ne-acaricide pirimiphos-methyl, engasetyenziselwa ukulawula iingcongconi, iimpukane, amaphela kunye namangolwane.
Phakathi kwee-carbamates, i-propoxur kunye ne-Zhongbucarb zisetyenziswa kwiimali ezinkulu.Nangona kunjalo, ngokweenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo, imveliso yokubola ye-sec-butacarb, i-methyl isocyanate, ineengxaki zetyhefu.Le mveliso ayizange ibandakanywe kuluhlu lweemveliso zococeko lwasekhaya ezipapashwe nguMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ngo-1997, kwaye ngaphandle kweTshayina, alikho elinye ilizwe emhlabeni eliye lasebenzisa le mveliso kwiimveliso zococeko lwasekhaya.Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwezitshabalalisi zococeko lwasekhaya kwaye zihambelane nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, iZiko loLawulo lwePesticide leSebe lezoLimo lidityaniswe neemeko zelizwe lam, ngomhla wama-23 kuMatshi ka-2000, kwiZhongbuwei, imimiselo efanelekileyo yotshintsho oluthe ngcembe. ukupheliswa kokusetyenziswa kwimichiza yococeko yasekhaya yenziwe.
Kukho abaphandi abaninzi malunga nabalawuli bokukhula kwezinambuzane, kwaye kukho iintlobo ezininzi, ezifana ne-diflubenzuron, i-diflubenzuron, i-hexaflumuron, njl. Kwezinye iindawo, zisetyenziselwa ukulawula izibungu kwiindawo zokuzalanisa i-mosquito kunye neempukane, kwaye ziphumelele iziphumo ezilungileyo.Ziya zithandwa kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokuthe ngcembe.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iiyunithi ezifana neYunivesithi yaseFudan ziye zaphanda kwaye zenza iipheromones zendlu, kwaye iYunivesithi yaseWuhan iye yaphuhlisa ngokuzimeleyo i-cockroach parvoviruses.Ezi mveliso zinethemba elibanzi losetyenziso.Iimveliso zokubulala izinambuzane ezincinci ziphantsi kophuhliso, ezifana nezi: Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sphaericus, cockroach virus kunye neMetarhizium anisopliae zibhaliswe njengeemveliso zococeko.Ii-synergists eziphambili ziyi-piperonyl butoxide, i-octachlorodipropyl ether, kunye ne-synergist amine.Ukongeza, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yengxaki yesicelo se-octachlorodipropyl ether, iNanjing Forestry Research Institute yakhupha i-AI-1 synergist kwi-turpentine, kunye ne-Shanghai Entomology Research Institute kunye neYunivesithi yezoLimo yaseNanjing iphuhlise i-94o synergist.iarhente.Kukwakho nee-synergistic amines ezilandelelweyo, ii-synergists, kunye nophuhliso lwee-S-855 ze-synergists eziphuma kwizityalo.
Okwangoku, kukho i-87 izithako ezisebenzayo ze-pesticides kwimeko esebenzayo yokubhaliswa kwe-insecticide yococeko kwilizwe lethu , apho: 46 (52.87%) ye-pyrethroids, i-8 (9.20%) ye-organophosphorus, i-5 ye-carbamates 1 (5.75) %), 5 izinto ezingaphiliyo (5.75%), 4 microorganisms (4.60%), 1 organochlorine (1.15%), kunye 18 nezinye iintlobo (20.68%).
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-20-2023