Iindaba ze-1 ka-Epreli: Iingcali zemarike kutshanje zithe ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezichumisi kunye namafutha aqala ukuphembelela izigqibo zolimo zamazwe amakhulu athumela ngaphandle. Iingcali zemarike eThailand nase-United States zibonise ukuba abalimi berayisi banokunciphisa igalelo labo lemveliso, nto leyo enokubangela ukwehla kwemveliso yerayisi kwaye inokubangela ukunqongophala kobonelelo kwihlabathi liphela kunyaka olandelayo.Nangona kunjalo, iIndiya inesitokhwe esaneleyo sesichumisi kunye nenkxaso karhulumente, nto leyo enceda ekukhuseleni imakethi yayo yasekhaya kwimpembelelo ethe ngqo.
Lo mahluko phakathi koxinzelelo lweendleko kunye nenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kulindeleke ukuba wandise ukungalingani kobonelelo lwengingqi, okunokuxhasa amaxabiso erayisi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye kwandise ukuxhomekeka kwabangenisi behlabathi kubonelelo lwaseIndiya.
Thayilendi:
Uxinzelelo lweendleko luchaphazela izigqibo zezolimo
Njengoko iindleko zezichumisi kunye namafutha zinyuke kakhulu, abadlali bemarike eThailand baqaphele iimpawu zokuqala zokutshintsha kwendlela abaziphatha ngayo abalimi. Umthengisi eBangkok uthe ngenxa yamaxabiso aphantsi erayisi akhoyo ngoku, ukholelwa ukuba abalimi banokuthi banciphise ubungakanani bezichumisi ezisetyenziswayo okanye banciphise indawo yokulima.
Omnye umthengisi eBangkok uthe ukutyala izityalo kweli xesha lonyaka kunzima kakhulu, kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezichumisi kodwa nokunyuka okukhulu kwamaxabiso epetroli. Amaxabiso epetroli anyuke malunga nama-30%, kwaye ukunqongophala kwezixhobo kuphazamisa imisebenzi yokuvuna, okubangela umonakalo kwizityalo kwiindawo ezininzi.
Ngokwengxelo yamva nje evela kwiSebe lezoLimo laseMelika i-Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), imveliso yerayisi yaseThailand kunyaka-mali ka-2025/26 (ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba) kulindeleke ukuba yehle iye kwiitoni ezingama-20.4 ezigidi, ngaphantsi kweetoni ezingama-20.8 ezigidi zonyaka ophelileyo. Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu kukwehla kwendawo yokutyala ukusuka kwi-11.08 yezigidi zeehektare kunyaka ophelileyo ukuya kwi-10.80 yezigidi zeehektare.
Amazwe Amanyene:
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezichumisi kusongela iindawo zokutyala
EMelika, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezichumisi kulindeleke ukuba kube nefuthe elikhulu kwizigqibo zokutyala, ingakumbi xa inzuzo sele incinci.
Isazinzulu ngeshishini lokutya sithe ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezichumisi kutshanje kuya kuba nempembelelo enkulu kwimarike yerayisi yaseMelika. Iingcali zoshishino zibonise ukuba kusekho ukunqongophala kwezichumisi ezingama-30% ezifunekayo kwisivuno serayisi sika-2026/27. Uninzi lwezichumisi zathengwa ngabalimi ngaphambi kokuba kubekho ingxabano eMbindi Mpuma. Ngaphambi kwemfazwe eMbindi Mpuma, ixabiso lesichumisi se-phosphate lalitshintsha phakathi kwe-$475 kunye ne-$500 ngetoni, kodwa ngoku linyuke laya kwi-$800 ngetoni okanye ngaphezulu.
Umhlalutyi wemarike yerayisi waseMelika ubonise ukuba ukusukela oko kwaqhambuka ingxabano kuMbindi Mpuma, iindleko zezichumiso zinyuke ngama-70%-75%, nto leyo ephakamisa inkxalabo malunga nokuncipha kweendawo zokutyala, nangona impembelelo ethile ingakacaci.
Nangona kunjalo, imeko iyahluka ngokweendawo. ECalifornia, imveliso yerayisi ephakathi kulindeleke ukuba ihlale izinzile. Umlimi uthe ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinye izityalo ezifanelekileyo, indawo yokulima irayisi eCalifornia akunakwenzeka ukuba inciphe.
Ngaphandle kweendleko zezichumisi, abavelisi bakwajongene noxinzelelo olukhulayo lweendleko, kubandakanya uthutho, iikhemikhali kunye nokupakishwa, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inzuzo inyuke ngakumbi.
Ingxelo yeenjongo zokutyala ekhutshwe liSebe lezoLimo laseMelika nge-31 kaMatshi iqinisekisile ulindelo lwemarike. Ingxelo ibonisa ukuba indawo yokutyala irayisi eneenkozo ezinde kulo nyaka yi-1.648 yezigidi zeehektare, ukwehla okukhulu kwe-24% xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo, kwaye iya kuba lelona nqanaba liphantsi ukusukela ngo-1983, nto leyo ebonisa ukuncitshiswa okukhulu kolwakhiwo kumandla emveliso.
Indiya:
Amanyathelo karhulumente okunciphisa impembelelo yezichumisi
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-India ibonakala ngathi ayichaphazeleki kakhulu kukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso ezichumisi zehlabathi, ngenxa yamanqanaba ayo afanelekileyo okugcinwa kwezinto kunye namanyathelo athathwe ngurhulumente ngaphambi kwexesha lokutyala lasekwindla.
UMnyango weeKhemikhali kunye neziNgqungquthela zaseIndiya ukhuphe ingxelo ngomhla we-10 kweyoKwindla esithi ngexesha lokuhlwayela kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ukususela nge-1 ka-Okthobha 2025 ukuya kwi-5 kaMatshi 2026), ukunikezelwa kwe-urea, i-diammonium phosphate (DAP), i-potassium chloride (MOP), kunye nesichumisi se-nitrogen-phosphorus-kiln compound (NPKS) kwakwanele kakhulu, kukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezolimo, kwaye imeko yesitokhwe selizwe yayilungile.
Olu xwebhu luqhubeka lusithi ukuze kuncitshiswe iingozi zokubonelela ngemveliso nokuqinisekisa ukuba ifumaneka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, urhulumente usebenzisana ngokukhutheleyo namazwe atyebileyo ukuze kube lula ukutyikitya izivumelwano zexesha elide kunye neememorandam zokuqondana phakathi kwamashishini ezichumiso aseIndiya kunye nababoneleli bamazwe ngamazwe. La malungiselelo aquka ukungenisa iitoni ezizigidi ezi-3.1 zezichumiso minyaka le ezivela eSaudi Arabia, iitoni ezizigidi ezi-3.01 ezivela eRashiya, kunye neetoni ezizigidi ezi-2.5 ezivela eMorocco.
UMphathiswa wezoLimo waseIndiya uthe iIndiya ibisoloko inyusa ukungeniswa kwemveliso ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa iithenda. Ukusukela nge-10 kaMatshi, umthamo wokungeniswa kwemveliso kwamanye amazwe unyuke nge-36.6% unyaka nonyaka. Umthengisi werayisi eDelhi uthe ngokokuqonda kwakhe, izichumisi azikabi yingxaki kuba umxube wemveliso yaseIndiya wahlukahlukene.
Isithethi seSebe leMicimbi yezeNgaphandle uRandhir Jaswal uthe kwingqungquthela yabezindaba yabaphathiswa eyayibanjwe nge-19 kaMatshi ukuba, ngokwemeko yangoku yokubonelelwa kwezichumisi, ingakumbi kwizityalo zexesha lokuhlwayela lasekwindla ngo-2026, izichumisi ezigciniweyo zanele. ISebe leMicimbi yeZichumisi likwakhuphe ithenda yehlabathi kwangaphambili ukuze lijongane nemeko yangoku, kwaye lifumene impendulo entle kakhulu. Silindele ukuba uninzi lwezichumisi ezi-odolwe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ziya kufika ekupheleni kukaMatshi.
Iingcali zemarike zongeze ngelithi nangona amaxabiso ezichumisi enyukile, iIndiya ayinakuchaphazeleka kuba urhulumente uza kuthwala impembelelo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Oku kufana nemeko kwimarike yeoyile, apho amaxabiso eoyile yehlabathi enyuke kodwa amaxabiso epetroli asekhaya eIndiya enyuke.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-21-2026
