Ngenxa yokuba izinambuzane ezingaphantsi komhlaba ziye zanda kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweengca ezibuyela emasimini kunye nobusika obufudumeleyo kuye kwabonelela ngeemeko ezilungileyo kwizinambuzane ezininzi ezingaphantsi komhlaba. Ukuba isibulali-zinambuzane esikhethiweyo sokufaka imbewu yengqolowa asifanelekanga, sinokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nokungabikho kwezithole kunye nokuqhekeka (ukungaqhubeki kwemigca) kwingqolowa. Okwangoku, iiarhente zokufaka imbewu eziqhelekileyo kwimarike ziquka izibulali-zinambuzane ezisekelwe kwi-nicotine ezineziphumo ezibalaseleyo zokufunxa ngaphakathi. Abameli abaqhelekileyo zizibulali-zinambuzane ezintathu eziphambili ezikwiiarhente zokufaka imbewu – imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, kunye nethiamethionam.
1. Imidacloprid
I-Imidacloprid yayiyeyona ntsholongwane yokuqala esetyenziswa ekuxubeni imbewu yengqolowa. Yayisisizukulwana sokuqala se-arhente yomxube wembewu yengqolowa. Yaphumelela kakhulu ekulimeni ingqolowa ngaloo nyaka, isebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekulawuleni ii-aphids zengqolowa. Emva kokuxuba ne-imidacloprid, zazimbalwa kakhulu ii-aphids kwinqanaba lokugqibela. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki ekhoyo ngoku nge-imidacloprid kukuba xa isetyenziswa ngobuninzi ixesha elide, izinambuzane ziyamelana nokumelana. Ifanelekile kuphela kwiindawo apho kukho i-aphid ezimbalwa okanye kwiindawo apho i-aphid ixhathisa khona, okanye kwiindawo ezingakhange zisebenzise ii-agent zomxube wembewu rhoqo. Ixabiso liphantsi. Ukongeza, i-imidacloprid isebenza kakuhle ngokuchasene ne-grubs nezinye izinambuzane ezingaphantsi komhlaba. Akucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ii-agent zomxube wembewu eziqulethe i-imidacloprid kwiindawo ezinomonakalo wezinambuzane ezingaphantsi komhlaba.
Okwangoku, sisibulali-zinambuzane esisetyenziswa kakhulu ekugayeni imbewu yengqolowa ukuthintela izinambuzane. Ummeli oqhelekileyo yi-tri-component formulation ye-benomyl·cyprodinil·thiamethoxam.
I-Thiamethoxam yeyona ntsholongwane isebenzayo kwinkqubo phakathi kwezibulali zinambuzane ezisekelwe kwi-nicotine. Inamathela kumphezulu wembewu kwaye inokufunxwa yingcambu kamva. Logama nje izinambuzane zisitya izityalo, ziya kutyhefwa zize zife. Inesiphumo esihlala ixesha elide kwaye isebenza kakhulu ekuthinteleni izinambuzane ezifana nee-aphids kunye ne-grubs. Xa ithelekiswa ne-imidacloprid, ineenzuzo ezicacileyo kwisiphumo sokubulala izinambuzane kwinkqubo kwenkqubo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ngokuchasene nezinambuzane ezingaphantsi komhlaba. Okwangoku, ukumelana nezinambuzane kuphakathi. Ukongeza, i-thiamethoxam ayinayo nje kuphela imiphumo emihle yokulawula izinambuzane kodwa ikwakhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu zezityalo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yintsholongwane engabizi kakhulu kwaye iluncedo ekulungiseni imbewu.
Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, abavelisi abaninzi bebeyithengisa le mveliso ukuze isetyenziswe ekufakeni ingqolowa. Isiphumo sayo silungile ngokwenene, kwaye inamandla okutshintsha i-thiamethoxam njengemveliso ephambili kwiiarhente zokufakeni ingqolowa. Isiphumo senkqubo ye-thiamethoxam singaphantsi kancinci kunese-thiamethionam, kodwa inexesha elide lokugcina emhlabeni.
Amanqaku:
Okokuqala, xa kudityaniswa imbewu, kufuneka kukhethwe ezi zinambuzane zintathu zisekelwe kwi-nicotine. Xa kusetyenziswa, kucetyiswa ukuba abalimi bazidibanise nezibulali zinambuzane, ezifana ne-carbendazim, i-benomyl, njl. Unyango oludibeneyo lwezinambuzane nezifo luyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Okwesibini, xa ukhetha, zama ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-agent yokugquma imbewu yokuxuma. Olu hlobo lwenzelwe ngokukodwa ukugquma imbewu kwaye lunezinga eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa kunye nokhuseleko olungcono. Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuthenga i-agent yokugquma imbewu ezinikeleyo, ungakhetha ngokuthe ngqo uhlobo lwe-agent yokugquma okanye uhlobo lwe-granule esasazeka ngamanzi (ngaphandle kohlobo lweoyile exutywayo). Nangona kunjalo, xa usebenzisa, kufuneka konyuswe umthamo ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-27-2026
